基于附壁射流的控、除尘一体化技术研究
|
摘要
针对我国现有煤矿综掘工作面控尘及除尘设备移动困难,现场适应性差和最佳除尘工艺参数不易保持的难题,通过数值模拟和实验室模拟试验研究,分析了综掘工作面控尘及除尘设备集中布置抽尘净化方式的可行性和相关工艺参数,提出了基于附壁射流的综掘工作面控尘及除尘一体化技术;研制了可自行移动的控尘及除尘一体化系统,有利于实现综掘工作面通风、控尘、除尘过程的一体化.数值模拟和实验室模拟试验结果表明,控尘及除尘一体化系统能够应用于各种断面巷道和多种工况条件下控制掘进迎头粉尘的扩散,提高除尘器的抽尘净化处理能力;当压抽风量比为1.04(压入风量为226 m~3/min,抽出风量为218 m~3/min)时,控尘距离和抽尘距离分别为17 m和2 m时,系统的降尘效果最好,司机处和机组后5 m处的总粉尘降尘效率分别达到了98.94%和96.47%,质量浓度分别为12.5 mg/m~3和8.3 mg/m~3,可以有效解决综掘工作面的粉尘污染问题.
There are a number of difficulties in the current fully mechanized excavation faces of coal mines in China; such as moving dust control and dust removal equipment, the poor adaptability of the site and the problem of maintaining optimal dust removal process parameters. Through numerical simulation and laboratory simulation tests, the feasibility and relevant process parameters of the dust extraction purification method were analyzed using the centralized arrangement of the dust control and dust removal equipment in a fully mechanized excavation face. Moreover, the integrated dust control and dust removal technology, based on the wall-attached jet theory, was proposed. Additionally, an automatic moving integrated dust control and dust removal system was developed, which was conducive to the integration of ventilation, dust control, and dust removal processes in a fully mechanized excavation face. The results show that the integrated dust control and dust removal system can be used to control the working face dust diffusion in the roadways of various sections and under various working conditions, and can improve the dust extraction purification handling capacity of the dust collector. When the ratio of the air supply volume to the air extraction volume is 1.04(the air supply volume is 226 m~3/min, and the air extraction volume is 218 m~3/m), and the dust control distance and the dust extraction distance are 17 m and 2 m respectively, the system's dust suppression effect is the best. The total dust suppression efficiency at the driver's location and 5 m after the unit reaches 98.94% and 96.47%, respectively, and the mass concentration is 12.5 mg/m~3 and 8.3 mg/m~3, thus the dust pollution problem of a fully mechanized excavation face is effectively solved.
There are a number of difficulties in the current fully mechanized excavation faces of coal mines in China; such as moving dust control and dust removal equipment, the poor adaptability of the site and the problem of maintaining optimal dust removal process parameters. Through numerical simulation and laboratory simulation tests, the feasibility and relevant process parameters of the dust extraction purification method were analyzed using the centralized arrangement of the dust control and dust removal equipment in a fully mechanized excavation face. Moreover, the integrated dust control and dust removal technology, based on the wall-attached jet theory, was proposed. Additionally, an automatic moving integrated dust control and dust removal system was developed, which was conducive to the integration of ventilation, dust control, and dust removal processes in a fully mechanized excavation face. The results show that the integrated dust control and dust removal system can be used to control the working face dust diffusion in the roadways of various sections and under various working conditions, and can improve the dust extraction purification handling capacity of the dust collector. When the ratio of the air supply volume to the air extraction volume is 1.04(the air supply volume is 226 m~3/min, and the air extraction volume is 218 m~3/m), and the dust control distance and the dust extraction distance are 17 m and 2 m respectively, the system's dust suppression effect is the best. The total dust suppression efficiency at the driver's location and 5 m after the unit reaches 98.94% and 96.47%, respectively, and the mass concentration is 12.5 mg/m~3 and 8.3 mg/m~3, thus the dust pollution problem of a fully mechanized excavation face is effectively solved.
引文
[1] 程卫民,聂文,姚玉静,等.综掘工作面旋流气幕抽吸控尘流场的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1342-1348.CHENG Weimin,NIE Wen,YAO Yujing,et al.Numerical simulation on the flow field of swirling flow air curtain aspiration control dust in fully mechanized workface[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1342-1348.
[2] 李如明,郭胜均,许学成,等.综掘工作面综合防尘技术的实践及应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(5):64-65.LI Ruming,GUO Shengjun,XU Xuecheng,et al.Practice and application of comprehensive dust control technology in fully mechanized workface[J].Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2005,32(5):64-65.
[3] 李德文,隋金君.中国煤矿粉尘防治现状及分析[C]// 胡千庭,黄声树.煤矿安全应用技术:2011年全国煤矿安全学术年会论文集.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2011:147-153.LI Dewen,SUI Jinjun.The present situation and analysis of coal mine dust prevention and control in China[C]// HU Qianting,HUANG Shengshu.Coal mine safety application technology:2011 national coal mine safety academic annual conference proceedings.Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2011:147-153.
[4] 田军君.大断面综掘岩巷控尘工艺的试验研究[J].煤矿机械,2017,38(9):49-51.TIAN Junjun.Experiment study of dust control technology in large section fully mechanized rock roadway[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2017,38(9):49-51.
[5] 郭永文.神东矿区掘进巷道长压短抽通风除尘技术[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(增1):15-19.GUO Yongwen.Long pressure short drainage dust removal by ventilation technology in Shendong mining area tunneling roadway[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(Sup 1):15-19.
[6] KURNIA J C,SASMITO A P,MUJUMDAR A S.Dust dispersion and management in underground mining faces[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2014,24(1):39-44.
[7] JI Yinlin,REN Ting,WYNNE P,et al.A comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall coal mines[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,26(2):199-208.
[8] BELLE B.How relevant are engineering samples in the management of personal dust exposure?[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,28(4):707-713.
[9] 马平,徐春江,王正华.机掘工作面通风与除尘方式的探讨[J].煤矿机械,1996(4):25-26.MA Ping,XU Chunjiang,WANG Zhenghua.Discussion on ventilation and dust collecting methods for excavation face[J].Coal Mine Machinery,1996(4):25-26.
[10] 符建文.机掘工作面旋流通风数值模拟及实验研究[D].湘潭:湖南科技大学,2008:17-18.FU Jianwen.Numerical simulation and experimental research of spiral flow ventilation in the mechanized heading face[D].Xiangtan:Hunan University of Science and Technology,2008:17-18.
[11] 严昌炽,陈治中,李德文.煤矿机掘面通风除尘技术的研究[J].中国煤炭,1997,23(11):32-34.YAN Changchi,CHEN Zhizhong,LI Dewen.Study on ventilation and dust control technology of coal mine mechanized heading face[J].China Coal,1997,23(11):32-34.
[12] 张小涛.单轨吊悬吊除尘系统在岩巷综掘中的研究[J].煤炭工程,2013,45(3):57-59.ZHANG Xiaotao.Application of suspended dust removal system of monorail crane to fully mechanized heading of mine rook roadway[J].Coal Engineering,2013,45(3):57-59.
[13] 符建文,刘荣华,王鹏飞.机掘工作面旋流通风作用机理探讨[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版),2008,30(1):50-53.FU Jianwen,LIU Ronghua,WANG Pengfei.Discussion on mechanism of swirl ventilation at tunneling working face[J].Journal of Xiangtan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2008,30(1):50-53.
[14] 孙一坚.工业通风[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994:77.SUN Yijian.Industrial ventilation[M].Beijing:China Architecture & Building Press,1994:77.
[15] 聂文,程卫民,周刚.综掘工作面压风气幕形成机理与阻尘效果分析[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):609-615.NIE Wen,CHENG Weimin,ZHOU Gang.Formation mechanism of pressure air curtain and analysis of dust suppression’s effects in mechanized excavation face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):609-615.
[16] 幸大学.掘进混合式通风合理抽压风筒口位置的探讨[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(4):25-27.XING Daxue.Discussion on reasonable pressurizing air duct location for hybrid ventilation[J].Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2005,32(4):25-27.
[17] 程卫民,王昊,孙彪,等.综掘面径向分风与压风配比对风幕阻尘的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):1014-1023.CHENG Weimin,WANG Hao,SUN Biao,et al.Effects of ratio of radial partial air volume to pressure air volume on air curtain dust control at fully mechanizedworking face[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(5):1014-1023.
[18] 严昌炽.煤矿机掘工作面通风除尘技术的研究与试验[J].通风除尘,1997(3):30-33.YAN Changchi.Research and experiment on ventilation and dust control technology of coal mine mechanized heading face[J].Ventilation and Dust Removal,1997(3):30-33.
[19] 聂文,马骁,程卫民,等.通风条件对综掘面控尘气幕的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(4):630-636.NIE Wen,MA Xiao,CHENG Weimin,et al.Ventilation conditions’ influences on the dust control air curtain at fully mechanized heading face[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2015,44(4):630-636.
[20] 赵益芳.矿井防尘理论及技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995:41.ZHAO Yifang.Mine dust control theory and technology[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1995:41.
[2] 李如明,郭胜均,许学成,等.综掘工作面综合防尘技术的实践及应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(5):64-65.LI Ruming,GUO Shengjun,XU Xuecheng,et al.Practice and application of comprehensive dust control technology in fully mechanized workface[J].Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2005,32(5):64-65.
[3] 李德文,隋金君.中国煤矿粉尘防治现状及分析[C]// 胡千庭,黄声树.煤矿安全应用技术:2011年全国煤矿安全学术年会论文集.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2011:147-153.LI Dewen,SUI Jinjun.The present situation and analysis of coal mine dust prevention and control in China[C]// HU Qianting,HUANG Shengshu.Coal mine safety application technology:2011 national coal mine safety academic annual conference proceedings.Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2011:147-153.
[4] 田军君.大断面综掘岩巷控尘工艺的试验研究[J].煤矿机械,2017,38(9):49-51.TIAN Junjun.Experiment study of dust control technology in large section fully mechanized rock roadway[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2017,38(9):49-51.
[5] 郭永文.神东矿区掘进巷道长压短抽通风除尘技术[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(增1):15-19.GUO Yongwen.Long pressure short drainage dust removal by ventilation technology in Shendong mining area tunneling roadway[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(Sup 1):15-19.
[6] KURNIA J C,SASMITO A P,MUJUMDAR A S.Dust dispersion and management in underground mining faces[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2014,24(1):39-44.
[7] JI Yinlin,REN Ting,WYNNE P,et al.A comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall coal mines[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,26(2):199-208.
[8] BELLE B.How relevant are engineering samples in the management of personal dust exposure?[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,28(4):707-713.
[9] 马平,徐春江,王正华.机掘工作面通风与除尘方式的探讨[J].煤矿机械,1996(4):25-26.MA Ping,XU Chunjiang,WANG Zhenghua.Discussion on ventilation and dust collecting methods for excavation face[J].Coal Mine Machinery,1996(4):25-26.
[10] 符建文.机掘工作面旋流通风数值模拟及实验研究[D].湘潭:湖南科技大学,2008:17-18.FU Jianwen.Numerical simulation and experimental research of spiral flow ventilation in the mechanized heading face[D].Xiangtan:Hunan University of Science and Technology,2008:17-18.
[11] 严昌炽,陈治中,李德文.煤矿机掘面通风除尘技术的研究[J].中国煤炭,1997,23(11):32-34.YAN Changchi,CHEN Zhizhong,LI Dewen.Study on ventilation and dust control technology of coal mine mechanized heading face[J].China Coal,1997,23(11):32-34.
[12] 张小涛.单轨吊悬吊除尘系统在岩巷综掘中的研究[J].煤炭工程,2013,45(3):57-59.ZHANG Xiaotao.Application of suspended dust removal system of monorail crane to fully mechanized heading of mine rook roadway[J].Coal Engineering,2013,45(3):57-59.
[13] 符建文,刘荣华,王鹏飞.机掘工作面旋流通风作用机理探讨[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版),2008,30(1):50-53.FU Jianwen,LIU Ronghua,WANG Pengfei.Discussion on mechanism of swirl ventilation at tunneling working face[J].Journal of Xiangtan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2008,30(1):50-53.
[14] 孙一坚.工业通风[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994:77.SUN Yijian.Industrial ventilation[M].Beijing:China Architecture & Building Press,1994:77.
[15] 聂文,程卫民,周刚.综掘工作面压风气幕形成机理与阻尘效果分析[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):609-615.NIE Wen,CHENG Weimin,ZHOU Gang.Formation mechanism of pressure air curtain and analysis of dust suppression’s effects in mechanized excavation face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):609-615.
[16] 幸大学.掘进混合式通风合理抽压风筒口位置的探讨[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(4):25-27.XING Daxue.Discussion on reasonable pressurizing air duct location for hybrid ventilation[J].Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2005,32(4):25-27.
[17] 程卫民,王昊,孙彪,等.综掘面径向分风与压风配比对风幕阻尘的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):1014-1023.CHENG Weimin,WANG Hao,SUN Biao,et al.Effects of ratio of radial partial air volume to pressure air volume on air curtain dust control at fully mechanizedworking face[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(5):1014-1023.
[18] 严昌炽.煤矿机掘工作面通风除尘技术的研究与试验[J].通风除尘,1997(3):30-33.YAN Changchi.Research and experiment on ventilation and dust control technology of coal mine mechanized heading face[J].Ventilation and Dust Removal,1997(3):30-33.
[19] 聂文,马骁,程卫民,等.通风条件对综掘面控尘气幕的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(4):630-636.NIE Wen,MA Xiao,CHENG Weimin,et al.Ventilation conditions’ influences on the dust control air curtain at fully mechanized heading face[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2015,44(4):630-636.
[20] 赵益芳.矿井防尘理论及技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995:41.ZHAO Yifang.Mine dust control theory and technology[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1995:41.