陇中黄土丘陵区土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉时空关系研究——以安定区为例
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摘要
基于土地利用和社会统计数据,构建了"土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉"多尺度分析框架,从县区和乡镇尺度探讨了定西市安定区1990—2015年土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉的时空权衡/协同关系。结果表明:1990—2015年安定区土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉关系变化存在区域整体相似性和乡镇局部差异性;土地利用强度的增加,提高了供给服务和生产资料供给福祉,但弱化了调节和支持服务;供给与支持服务权衡主要集中于安定区北部和西南部。该区生态系统服务间的权衡程度较高,不利于生态系统服务保育和居民福祉的持续提升。区域的脱贫致富因立足于提高居民福祉,退耕还林还草、发展特色高效产业、劳务输出等是实现该区社会生态系统的经济收益与生态效益共赢的有效途径。
Research on the relationship between ecosystem services and human well-being in the context of land use change is highlighted in social-ecological systems. Anding District is a fragile ecozone with extreme soil and water loss,and an ecologically poor area in the Loess Hilly region. Increasing human activities have weakened the ecological benefits during past few decades, thereby hindering the orderly improvement in human well-being. Hence, in this study, based on correlation and bivariate local spatial autocorrelation methods,the spatial and temporal trade-offs and synergies among land use intensity,ecosystem services,and human well-being in the Anding District were investigated at the county and township scales in 1990— 2015,to formulate strategies for ecological management and well-being improvement according to local conditions. The results showed that(1) at the county scale,the trade-offs/synergies between land-use intensity,ecosystem services,and human well-being were similar. With increased land use intensity,the proportion of provisioning services continuously increased,proportion of supporting and regulating services decreased as a whole,and many aspects of humanwell-being improved;(2) at the township scale,the decrease in land-use intensity in Bailu and increase in the regulating service ratio in Gaofeng reflected the differences;(3) the increased land-use intensity enhanced the trade-off relationship between provisioning and supporting services to a certain extent, and the competition of ecosystem provisioning and supporting services mainly concentrated in northern and southwestern Anding;(4) the tradeoff degree of ecosystem services was higher, which is not in favor of the improvement of ecosystem services and human well-being; regional poverty alleviation should be based on the improvement of human well-being,and a win-win situation and sustainable development of economic and ecological benefits of the social ecosystem must be attained. Returning farmland to forest,developing characteristic industries,and exporting labor are the main ways to solve the ecological and economic poverty in the Anding District.
Research on the relationship between ecosystem services and human well-being in the context of land use change is highlighted in social-ecological systems. Anding District is a fragile ecozone with extreme soil and water loss,and an ecologically poor area in the Loess Hilly region. Increasing human activities have weakened the ecological benefits during past few decades, thereby hindering the orderly improvement in human well-being. Hence, in this study, based on correlation and bivariate local spatial autocorrelation methods,the spatial and temporal trade-offs and synergies among land use intensity,ecosystem services,and human well-being in the Anding District were investigated at the county and township scales in 1990— 2015,to formulate strategies for ecological management and well-being improvement according to local conditions. The results showed that(1) at the county scale,the trade-offs/synergies between land-use intensity,ecosystem services,and human well-being were similar. With increased land use intensity,the proportion of provisioning services continuously increased,proportion of supporting and regulating services decreased as a whole,and many aspects of humanwell-being improved;(2) at the township scale,the decrease in land-use intensity in Bailu and increase in the regulating service ratio in Gaofeng reflected the differences;(3) the increased land-use intensity enhanced the trade-off relationship between provisioning and supporting services to a certain extent, and the competition of ecosystem provisioning and supporting services mainly concentrated in northern and southwestern Anding;(4) the tradeoff degree of ecosystem services was higher, which is not in favor of the improvement of ecosystem services and human well-being; regional poverty alleviation should be based on the improvement of human well-being,and a win-win situation and sustainable development of economic and ecological benefits of the social ecosystem must be attained. Returning farmland to forest,developing characteristic industries,and exporting labor are the main ways to solve the ecological and economic poverty in the Anding District.
引文
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[7]彭建,吕慧玲,刘焱序,陈昕,胡晓旭.国内外多功能景观研究进展与展望.地球科学进展,2015,30(4):465-476.
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[10] Wang X C,Dong X B,Liu H M,Wei H J,Fan W G,Lu N C,Xu Z H,Ren J H,Xing K X. Linking land use change,ecosystem services and human well-being:A case study of the Manas River Basin of Xinjiang,China. Ecosystem Services,2017,27:113-123.
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[12]邬建国,郭晓川,杨劼,钱贵霞,牛建明,梁存柱,张庆,李昂.什么是可持续性科学?应用生态学报,2014,25(1):1-11.
[13]王圣云,沈玉芳.福祉地理学研究新进展.地理科学进展,2010,29(8):899-905.
[14]彭建,胡晓旭,赵明月,刘焱序,田璐.生态系统服务权衡研究进展:从认知到决策.地理学报,2017,72(6):960-973.
[15]杨莉,甄霖,李芬,魏云洁,姜鲁光,曹晓昌,龙鑫.黄土高原生态系统服务变化对人类福祉的影响初探.资源科学,2010,32(5):849-855.
[16]刘秀丽,张勃,郑庆荣,何旭强,张调风,贾艳青,罗正明.黄土高原土石山区退耕还林对农户福祉的影响研究——以宁武县为例.资源科学,2014,36(2):397-405.
[17]傅伯杰,张立伟.土地利用变化与生态系统服务:概念、方法与进展.地球科学进展,2014,33(4):441-446.
[18]王航,秦奋,朱筠,张传才.土地利用及景观格局演变对生态系统服务价值的影响.生态学报,2017,37(4):1286-1296.
[19] Quintas-Soriano C,Castro A J,Castro H,García-Llorente M. Impacts of land use change on ecosystem services and implications for human wellbeing in Spanish drylands. Land Use Policy,2016,54:534-548.
[20]郭晓娜.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区循环经济模式研究——以安定区为例[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2014.
[21] Margriter S C,Bruland G L,Kudray G M,Lepczyk C A. Using indicators of land-use development intensity to assess the condition of coastal wetlands in Hawaii. Landscape Ecology,2014,29(3):517-528.
[22]刘亚香,李阳兵,易兴松,程星.贵州典型坝子土地利用强度空间演变及景观格局响应.应用生态学报,2017,28(11):3691-3702.
[23]庄大方,刘纪远.中国土地利用程度的区域分异模型研究.自然资源学报,1997,12(2):105-111.
[24]谢余初,巩杰,齐姗姗,张影,郭建军.甘肃白龙江流域生态系统粮食生产服务价值时空分异.生态学报,2017,37(5):1719-1728.
[25]谢高地,甄霖,鲁春霞,肖玉,陈操.一个基于专家知识的生态系统服务价值化方法.自然资源学报,2008,23(5):911-919.
[26]刘某承,李文华,谢高地.基于净初级生产力的中国生态足迹产量因子测算.生态学杂志,2010,29(3):592-597.
[27]黄凤,吴世新,唐宏.基于遥感与GIS的新疆近18a来LUCC的生态环境效应分析.中国沙漠,2012,32(5):1486-1493.
[28]全国原粮收购价格指数.[2018-04-10]. http://sinoprice.cngrain.com/#tab_2003.
[29] Willemen L,Hein L,van Mensvoort M E F,Verburg P H. Space for people,plants,and livestock? Quantifying interactions among multiple landscape functions in a Dutch rural region. Ecological Indicators,2010,10(1):62-73.
[30]郝梦雅,任志远,孙艺杰,赵胜男.关中盆地生态系统服务的权衡与协同关系动态分析.地理研究,2017,36(3):592-602.
[31]孙艺杰,任志远,赵胜男,张静.陕西河谷盆地生态系统服务协同与权衡时空差异分析.地理学报,2017,72(3):521-532.
[32]万鲁河,王绍巍,陈晓红.基于GeoDA的哈大齐工业走廊GDP空间关联性.地理研究,2011,30(6):977-984.
[33]支玲,张媛,李广宇.西部退耕还林工程对农村建设全面小康社会的影响评价——以甘肃省安定区为例.林业经济,2010,(3):81-86.
[34]陈波,支玲,董艳.我国退耕还林政策实施对农村剩余劳动力转移的影响——以甘肃省定西市安定区为例.农村经济,2010,(5):25-28.
[35]吴吉东,李宁,牛定炜,张明军,黄树青,张鹏.退耕对粮食生产灾情的间接影响分析——以甘肃省定西市安定区为例.自然灾害学报,2008,17(2):8-12.
[36] Bennett E M,Peterson G D,Gordon L J. Understanding relationships among multiple ecosystem services. Ecology Letters,2009,12(12):1394-1404.
[37] Xu Y,Tang H P,Wang B J,Chen J. Effects of land-use intensity on ecosystem services and human well-being:A case study in Huailai County,China. Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75:416.
[38] Egoh B,Reyers B,Rouget M,Richardson D M,Le Maitre D C,Van Jaarsveld A S. Mapping ecosystem services for planning and management.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2008,127(1/2):135-140.
[39] Tao F L,Yokozawa M,Xu Y L,Hayashi Y,Zhang Z. Climate changes and trends in phenology and yields of field crops in China,1981—2000.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2006,138(1/4):82-92.
[40] Simelton E,Fraser E D G,Termansen M,Forster P M,Dougill A J. Typologies of crop-drought vulnerability:an empirical analysis of the socioeconomic factors that influence the sensitivity and resilience to drought of three major food crops in China(1961-2001). Environmental Science&Policy,2009,12(4):438-452.
[41]王大尚,李屹峰,郑华,欧阳志云.密云水库上游流域生态系统服务功能空间特征及其与居民福祉的关系.生态学报,2014,34(1):70-81.
[2] Jenkins W A,Murray B C,Kramer R A,Faulkner S P. Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley.Ecological Economics,2010,69(5):1051-1061.
[3]乔旭宁,张婷,杨永菊,牛海鹏,杨德刚.渭干河流域生态系统服务的空间溢出及对居民福祉的影响.资源科学,2017,39(3):533-544.
[4] Howe C,Suich H,Vira B,Mace G M. Creating win-wins from trade-offs? Ecosystem services for human well-being:A meta-analysis of ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies in the real world. Global Environmental Change,2014,28:263-275.
[5] Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Ecosystems and Human Well-being:Synthesis. Washington DC:Island Press,2005.
[6]刘超,许月卿,孙丕苓,刘佳.土地利用多功能性研究进展与展望.地理科学进展,2016,35(9):1087-1099.
[7]彭建,吕慧玲,刘焱序,陈昕,胡晓旭.国内外多功能景观研究进展与展望.地球科学进展,2015,30(4):465-476.
[8]赵文武,房学宁.景观可持续性与景观可持续性科学.生态学报,2014,34(10):2453-2459.
[9]罗玉婷.鄱阳湖区居民福祉空间差异测度及空间均衡的动力机制研究[D].南昌:南昌大学,2017.
[10] Wang X C,Dong X B,Liu H M,Wei H J,Fan W G,Lu N C,Xu Z H,Ren J H,Xing K X. Linking land use change,ecosystem services and human well-being:A case study of the Manas River Basin of Xinjiang,China. Ecosystem Services,2017,27:113-123.
[11] Jerneck A,Olsson L,Ness B,Anderberg S,Baier M,Clark E,Hickler T,Hornborg A,Kronsell A,L9vbrand E,Persson J. Structuring sustainability science. Sustainability Science,2011,6(1):69-82.
[12]邬建国,郭晓川,杨劼,钱贵霞,牛建明,梁存柱,张庆,李昂.什么是可持续性科学?应用生态学报,2014,25(1):1-11.
[13]王圣云,沈玉芳.福祉地理学研究新进展.地理科学进展,2010,29(8):899-905.
[14]彭建,胡晓旭,赵明月,刘焱序,田璐.生态系统服务权衡研究进展:从认知到决策.地理学报,2017,72(6):960-973.
[15]杨莉,甄霖,李芬,魏云洁,姜鲁光,曹晓昌,龙鑫.黄土高原生态系统服务变化对人类福祉的影响初探.资源科学,2010,32(5):849-855.
[16]刘秀丽,张勃,郑庆荣,何旭强,张调风,贾艳青,罗正明.黄土高原土石山区退耕还林对农户福祉的影响研究——以宁武县为例.资源科学,2014,36(2):397-405.
[17]傅伯杰,张立伟.土地利用变化与生态系统服务:概念、方法与进展.地球科学进展,2014,33(4):441-446.
[18]王航,秦奋,朱筠,张传才.土地利用及景观格局演变对生态系统服务价值的影响.生态学报,2017,37(4):1286-1296.
[19] Quintas-Soriano C,Castro A J,Castro H,García-Llorente M. Impacts of land use change on ecosystem services and implications for human wellbeing in Spanish drylands. Land Use Policy,2016,54:534-548.
[20]郭晓娜.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区循环经济模式研究——以安定区为例[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2014.
[21] Margriter S C,Bruland G L,Kudray G M,Lepczyk C A. Using indicators of land-use development intensity to assess the condition of coastal wetlands in Hawaii. Landscape Ecology,2014,29(3):517-528.
[22]刘亚香,李阳兵,易兴松,程星.贵州典型坝子土地利用强度空间演变及景观格局响应.应用生态学报,2017,28(11):3691-3702.
[23]庄大方,刘纪远.中国土地利用程度的区域分异模型研究.自然资源学报,1997,12(2):105-111.
[24]谢余初,巩杰,齐姗姗,张影,郭建军.甘肃白龙江流域生态系统粮食生产服务价值时空分异.生态学报,2017,37(5):1719-1728.
[25]谢高地,甄霖,鲁春霞,肖玉,陈操.一个基于专家知识的生态系统服务价值化方法.自然资源学报,2008,23(5):911-919.
[26]刘某承,李文华,谢高地.基于净初级生产力的中国生态足迹产量因子测算.生态学杂志,2010,29(3):592-597.
[27]黄凤,吴世新,唐宏.基于遥感与GIS的新疆近18a来LUCC的生态环境效应分析.中国沙漠,2012,32(5):1486-1493.
[28]全国原粮收购价格指数.[2018-04-10]. http://sinoprice.cngrain.com/#tab_2003.
[29] Willemen L,Hein L,van Mensvoort M E F,Verburg P H. Space for people,plants,and livestock? Quantifying interactions among multiple landscape functions in a Dutch rural region. Ecological Indicators,2010,10(1):62-73.
[30]郝梦雅,任志远,孙艺杰,赵胜男.关中盆地生态系统服务的权衡与协同关系动态分析.地理研究,2017,36(3):592-602.
[31]孙艺杰,任志远,赵胜男,张静.陕西河谷盆地生态系统服务协同与权衡时空差异分析.地理学报,2017,72(3):521-532.
[32]万鲁河,王绍巍,陈晓红.基于GeoDA的哈大齐工业走廊GDP空间关联性.地理研究,2011,30(6):977-984.
[33]支玲,张媛,李广宇.西部退耕还林工程对农村建设全面小康社会的影响评价——以甘肃省安定区为例.林业经济,2010,(3):81-86.
[34]陈波,支玲,董艳.我国退耕还林政策实施对农村剩余劳动力转移的影响——以甘肃省定西市安定区为例.农村经济,2010,(5):25-28.
[35]吴吉东,李宁,牛定炜,张明军,黄树青,张鹏.退耕对粮食生产灾情的间接影响分析——以甘肃省定西市安定区为例.自然灾害学报,2008,17(2):8-12.
[36] Bennett E M,Peterson G D,Gordon L J. Understanding relationships among multiple ecosystem services. Ecology Letters,2009,12(12):1394-1404.
[37] Xu Y,Tang H P,Wang B J,Chen J. Effects of land-use intensity on ecosystem services and human well-being:A case study in Huailai County,China. Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75:416.
[38] Egoh B,Reyers B,Rouget M,Richardson D M,Le Maitre D C,Van Jaarsveld A S. Mapping ecosystem services for planning and management.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2008,127(1/2):135-140.
[39] Tao F L,Yokozawa M,Xu Y L,Hayashi Y,Zhang Z. Climate changes and trends in phenology and yields of field crops in China,1981—2000.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2006,138(1/4):82-92.
[40] Simelton E,Fraser E D G,Termansen M,Forster P M,Dougill A J. Typologies of crop-drought vulnerability:an empirical analysis of the socioeconomic factors that influence the sensitivity and resilience to drought of three major food crops in China(1961-2001). Environmental Science&Policy,2009,12(4):438-452.
[41]王大尚,李屹峰,郑华,欧阳志云.密云水库上游流域生态系统服务功能空间特征及其与居民福祉的关系.生态学报,2014,34(1):70-81.