市场竞争结构对“市场换技术”战略的影响研究
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摘要
弄清市场因素对"市场换技术"战略的影响机制是利用"市场"来设置博弈条件,提高该战略实施效果的重要前提和基础。本文首先基于知识共享视角,根据理性行为理论,提出市场竞争结构影响"市场换技术"战略的逻辑框架。其次构建知识共享博弈三阶段模型,利用最优化方法,分别分析初始市场需求量、市场份额比例、市场需求增量这三个市场竞争结构要素对"市场换技术"战略的影响。最后,理论结果表明:(1)"市场换技术"战略在满足一定的条件下是可行的;(2)初始市场需求大小对"市场换技术"战略的影响呈倒"U"型;(3)市场份额大小对技术输出方和引入方都具有很强吸引力,提高了"市场换技术"战略的可行性;(4)市场需求增量提升会提高"市场换技术"战略对技术输出方的吸引力和实施的可行性,但却会弱化技术引入方的吸引力和实施可行性。
To clarify the impact mechanism of market factors on the " market for technology" strategy is the important premise and foundation for using the market to set up the game conditions to improve the effectiveness of the strategy. Firstly,based on the perspective of knowledge sharing and theory of rational action( TRA),the logical framework on how the market competition structure affects the "market for technology" strategy is presented in this paper. Secondly,through constructing a three-stage game model of knowledge sharing and using optimization methods,the effects of initial market demand,the proportion of market share,added market demand on "market for technology" strategy are analyzed respectively. Thirdly,the theoretical results show that:( 1) The " market for technology" strategy is feasible if some certain conditions are satisfied.( 2) There is a correlation of inverted " U" type between initial demand and " market for technology" strategy.( 3) There is a positive correlation between market share and " market for technology" strategy. Both the provider and demander of technology have strong motivation to get much more market share,so,this promotes the implementation of the strategy.( 4) The added market demand enhance will raise the motivation of technology provider to implement the " market for technology" strategy,but weaken the motivation of technology demander.
To clarify the impact mechanism of market factors on the " market for technology" strategy is the important premise and foundation for using the market to set up the game conditions to improve the effectiveness of the strategy. Firstly,based on the perspective of knowledge sharing and theory of rational action( TRA),the logical framework on how the market competition structure affects the "market for technology" strategy is presented in this paper. Secondly,through constructing a three-stage game model of knowledge sharing and using optimization methods,the effects of initial market demand,the proportion of market share,added market demand on "market for technology" strategy are analyzed respectively. Thirdly,the theoretical results show that:( 1) The " market for technology" strategy is feasible if some certain conditions are satisfied.( 2) There is a correlation of inverted " U" type between initial demand and " market for technology" strategy.( 3) There is a positive correlation between market share and " market for technology" strategy. Both the provider and demander of technology have strong motivation to get much more market share,so,this promotes the implementation of the strategy.( 4) The added market demand enhance will raise the motivation of technology provider to implement the " market for technology" strategy,but weaken the motivation of technology demander.
引文
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[16]仲伟周,邢志斌.我国制造业“市场换技术”有效性分析——基于产业安全视角[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(12):62-70.
[17]李翀.以市场能够换技术吗?——我国提高科学技术水平的路径分析[J].经济社会体制比较,2014,(5):12-19.
[18]李晓华.对加入WTO后“以市场换技术”的思考[J].中国工业经济,2004,(4):21-26.
[19]Gee-Woo Bock,Zmud R W,Young-Gel Kim,et al.Behavior intention formation in knowledge sharing:Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators,social-psychological forces,and organizational climate[J].MIS Quarterly,2005,29(1):87-111.
[2]陈超.中国东中西部地区以市场换技术策略的实证分析[J].科技创业月刊,2007,(1):1-2.
[3]孙晓华,杨彬,张国峰.“市场换技术”与产业空心化:一个研究述评[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2009,(1):125-130.
[4]赵佩华.论“以市场换技术”——基于演化博弈论的视角[J].汕头大学学报(人文社会科学版),2010,26(3):73-80.
[5]钱炳.“市场换技术”有效吗?——中国汽车产业全要素生产率再估计[J].科技管理研究,2015,35(21):118-126.
[6]刘金山.市场能否换技术——评外资政策与科学理性[J].自然辩证法研究,2007,23(5):43-46.
[7]曾繁华,李坚.“以市场换技术”制度安排问题研究[J].管理世界,2000,(5):191-193.
[8]夏梁.“以市场换技术”是如何提出的(1978-1988)[J].中国经济史研究,2015,(4):102-114.
[9]陈杰.如何实现“以市场换技术”—“上海贝尔”的经验和启示[J].经济管理,1999,(6):24-25.
[10]Sun Wenxiang,Peng Jisheng,Ma Juelin,et al.Evolution and performance of Chinese technology policy:An empirical study based on“market in exchange for technology”strategy[J].Journal of Technology Management in China,2009,4(3):195-216.
[11]桑赓陶,汪滔.我国“市场换技术”的一个模型[J].中国软科学,1999,(12):111-113.
[12]王洛林,江小娟,卢圣亮.大型跨国公司投资对中国产业结构、技术进步和经济国际化的影响(下)——以全球500强在华投资项目为主的分析[J].中国工业经济,2000,(5):5-10.
[13]Zhang Yabin,Wu Jiang,Ai Hongshan.The technology gap and the limit of imitation:An inspection of the strategy of“exchanging market for technology”[J].Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies,2009,7(4):447-455.
[14]蔡继荣.“以市场换技术”IJV的技术溢出预期及其悖论[J].经济问题,2008,(12):18-20.
[15]赵增耀.市场换技术下内资企业技术能力的提升路径——基于溢出效应和吸收能力的分析[J].当代经济科学,2009,31(2):78-85.
[16]仲伟周,邢志斌.我国制造业“市场换技术”有效性分析——基于产业安全视角[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012,33(12):62-70.
[17]李翀.以市场能够换技术吗?——我国提高科学技术水平的路径分析[J].经济社会体制比较,2014,(5):12-19.
[18]李晓华.对加入WTO后“以市场换技术”的思考[J].中国工业经济,2004,(4):21-26.
[19]Gee-Woo Bock,Zmud R W,Young-Gel Kim,et al.Behavior intention formation in knowledge sharing:Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators,social-psychological forces,and organizational climate[J].MIS Quarterly,2005,29(1):87-111.