鸡腿菇热风干燥特性及数学模型研究
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摘要
为准确描述鸡腿菇热风干燥过程,预测不同干燥条件下鸡腿菇热风干燥过程中的含水率,在不同的热风温度(50℃、60℃、70℃)、热风风速(1.1m/s、1.3m/s、1.5m/s)和切片厚度(4mm、7.5mm、11mm)条件下进行鸡腿菇热风干燥实验,研究不同干燥条件下鸡腿菇的热风干燥特性,比较7种常用数学模型对其热风干燥过程拟合的适用性,计算不同干燥条件下的有效水分扩散系数D和干燥活化能Ea。结果表明,Demir模型对鸡腿菇热风干燥过程的拟合效果最佳,能准确描述不同干燥条件下鸡腿菇的热风干燥过程,预测其在干燥过程中的水分比MR;有效水分扩散系数D随着干燥温度、风速和切片厚度的增大而增大;本次实验中鸡腿菇热风干燥活化能Ea为14.548kJ/mol。研究可为鸡腿菇热风干燥工艺控制及其工业化提供理论参考。
Hot air drying experiments of fresh Coprinus comatus were performed on different conditions,namely,hot-air temperatures(50℃,60℃ and 70℃),hot-air velocities(1.1m/s,1.3m/s and 1.5m/s)and slice thicknesses(4mm,7.5mm and 11mm).The thin-layer drying characteristics of Coprinus comatus were analyzed and 7frequently-used mathematical models were used to fit the experimental data.The results indicated that the hot air drying of Coprinus comatus took place in a falling-rate drying process and the drying rate was directly proportional to the hot-air temperature and hot-air velocity and inversely proportional to the slice thickness.The Demir model was the best descriptive model for hot air drying of Coprinus comatus and could perfectly describe the hot air drying behavior of Coprinus comatus.The moisture ratio of Coprinus comatus at any time during the hot air drying process could be accurately estimated by using Demir model.The effective diffusivities on different conditions were calculated,and the calculations showed that the effective diffusivities increase as the drying temperature,drying velocity and material thickness increase,respectively,and the activation energy was found to be 14.548kJ/mol in the experiment.
Hot air drying experiments of fresh Coprinus comatus were performed on different conditions,namely,hot-air temperatures(50℃,60℃ and 70℃),hot-air velocities(1.1m/s,1.3m/s and 1.5m/s)and slice thicknesses(4mm,7.5mm and 11mm).The thin-layer drying characteristics of Coprinus comatus were analyzed and 7frequently-used mathematical models were used to fit the experimental data.The results indicated that the hot air drying of Coprinus comatus took place in a falling-rate drying process and the drying rate was directly proportional to the hot-air temperature and hot-air velocity and inversely proportional to the slice thickness.The Demir model was the best descriptive model for hot air drying of Coprinus comatus and could perfectly describe the hot air drying behavior of Coprinus comatus.The moisture ratio of Coprinus comatus at any time during the hot air drying process could be accurately estimated by using Demir model.The effective diffusivities on different conditions were calculated,and the calculations showed that the effective diffusivities increase as the drying temperature,drying velocity and material thickness increase,respectively,and the activation energy was found to be 14.548kJ/mol in the experiment.
引文
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[22]王会林,卢涛,姜培学.生物多孔介质热风干燥数学模型及数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):325-333.Wang Huilin,Lu Tao,Jiang Peixue.Mathematical model and numerical simulation of biological porous medium during hot air drying[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(20):325-333.
[2]周瑞,田呈瑞,张静,等.鸡腿菇多糖羧甲基修饰及其抗氧化性研究[J].食品科学,2010,31(13):10-15.Zhou Rui,Tian Chengrui,Zhang Jing,et al.Carboxymethylation and antioxidant activity of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide[J].Food Science,2010,31(13):10-15.
[3]李波,芦菲,余小领,等.短波紫外线照射对鸡腿菇保鲜的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):306-309.Li Bo,Lu Fei,Yu Xiaoling,et al.Effect of ultraviolet-C irradiation on the fresh-keeping of Coprinus comatus[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(6):306-309.
[4]李君兰,冯谦,武治昌,等.贮藏温度和湿度对鸡腿蘑保鲜效果的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2005,31(5):151-152.Li Junlan,Feng Qian,Wu Zhichang,et al.The effects of storage temperature and relative humidity on Coprinus comatus[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,2005,31(5):151-152.
[5]刘志芳,张玮,武治昌,等.薄膜包装冷藏对鸡腿蘑采后生理变化的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2009,35(3):195-198.Liu Zhifang,Zhang Wei,Wu Zhichang,et al.Effect of film packing and cool storage on postharvest physiology of Coprinus comatus[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,2009,35(3):195-198.
[6]邢作山,李洪忠,陈长青,等.食用菌干制加工技术[J].中国食用菌,2009,28(3):56-57.Xing Zuoshan,Li Hongzhong,Chen Changqing,et al.Drying technology of edible fungi[J].Edible Fungi of China,2009,28(3):56-57.
[7]王维,陈国华.固体干燥的物理解释和建模综述[J].干燥技术与设备,2006,4(4):180-188.Wang Wei,Chen Guohua.Physical interpretation of solid drying:an overview on mathematical modeling research[J].Drying Technology&Equipment,2006,4(4):180-188.
[8]李顺峰,聂波,田广瑞,等.芹菜热风干燥特性及数学模型[J].食品科技,2015,40(12):64-67.Li Shunfeng,Nie Bo,Tian Guangrui,et al.Hot-air drying characteristics and mathematic model of celery[J].Food Science and Technology,2015,40(12):64-67.
[9]沈晓萍,王蒙蒙,卢晓黎.熟化甘薯热风干燥特性及数学模型研究[J].食品与机械,2007,23(3):119-121,142.Shen Xiaoping,Wang Mengmeng,Lu Xiaoli.Researches on the mathematical model and air-drying properties of cooked sweet potatoes[J].Food and Machinery,2007,23(3):119-121,142.
[10]石启龙,赵亚,李兆杰,等.竹荚鱼热泵干燥数学模型研究[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(5):110-114.Shi Qilong,Zhao Ya,Li Zhaojie,et al.Mathematical modeling on heat pump drying of horse mackerel[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2009,40(5):110-114.
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[12]张建军,王海霞,马永昌,等.辣椒热风干燥特性的研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(3):298-301.Zhang Jianjun,Wang Haixia,Ma Yongchang,et al.Experimental research on hot-air drying properties of capsicum[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2008,24(3):298-301.
[13]邓彩玲,林羡,徐玉娟,等.龙眼热泵干燥特性及数学模型的研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(12):115-121,125.Deng Cailing,Lin Xian,Xu Yujuan,et al.Study on heat pump drying characteristics and drying mathematical model of Longan[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2013,34(12):115-121,125.
[14]罗传伟,彭桂兰,邱兵涛,等.魔芋薄层变温热风干燥特性实验研究[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(22):137-143,149.Luo Chuanwei,Peng Guilan,Qiu Bingtao,et al.Experimental study on thin layer variable temperature hot air drying of konjac[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2016,37(22):137-143,149.
[15]彭桂兰,吴文福,陈晓光,等.萝卜丝薄层干燥试验及其数学模型的建立[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(3):79-81,94.Peng Guilan,Wu Wenfu,Chen Xiaoguang,et al.Experimental study on thin layer drying of turnip strips and establishment of mathematical model[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(3):79-81,94.
[16]关志强,王秀芝,李敏,等.荔枝果肉热风干燥薄层模型[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(2):151-158,191.Guan Zhiqiang,Wang Xiuzhi,Li Min,et al.Mathematical modeling of hot air drying of thin layer litchi flesh[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(2):151-158,191.
[17]王宝和.干燥动力学研究综述[J].干燥技术与设备,2009,7(2):51-56.
[18]Guo Xiaohui,Xia Chunyan,Tan Yurong,et al.Mathematical modeling and effect of various hot-air drying on mushroom(Lentinus edodes)[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2014,13(1):207-216.
[19]Babalis S J,Papanicolaou E,Kyriakis N,et al.Evaluation of thin-layer drying models for describing drying kinetics of figs(Ficus carica)[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2006,75(2):205-214.
[20]Dhanushkodi S,WilsonV H,Sudhakar K.Mathematical modeling of drying behavior of cashew in a solar biomass hybrid dryer[J].Resource-Efficient Technologies,2017,3(4).
[21]张赛,陈君若,刘显茜.水果在热风干燥中的水分扩散分形模型[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(4):286-292.Zhang Sai,Chen Junruo,Liu Xianxi.Diffusion fractal model of fruit moisture in hot air drying[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(4):286-292.
[22]王会林,卢涛,姜培学.生物多孔介质热风干燥数学模型及数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):325-333.Wang Huilin,Lu Tao,Jiang Peixue.Mathematical model and numerical simulation of biological porous medium during hot air drying[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(20):325-333.