平衡式双封单卡压裂管柱研究及应用
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摘要
常规双封单卡压裂管柱技术已成为吐哈油田水平井老井重复压裂改造的主体技术,但仍然存在着压裂后层间压差大,易导致底封K344封隔器胶筒不回收以及管柱起管困难的问题,严重影响施工效果。为此,开展了平衡式双封单卡压裂管柱的研究。它采用带平衡通道Y211封隔器代替底封K344封隔器,在封隔器解封前能够实现上、下层的有效沟通,平衡地层压力,最终达到降低解封载荷的目的。现场应用结果表明:该管柱施工过程简单,解封载荷大幅降低,有效地解决了老井压裂改造后的起管难题,能满足水平井体积压裂改造大排量和大砂量的需求。平衡式双封单卡压裂管柱在水平井、老井重复压裂改造上具有广阔的推广应用前景。
The conventional dual-packer single-layer fracturing technology has become the main technology for the refracturing treatment of horizontal wells of Turpan-Hami Oilfield. However,large pressure difference between the layers after fracturing can easily lead to failed retrieving of lower K344 packer rubber and difficult pipe string tripping,which could seriously affect the stimulation performance. To address the problem,a balanced dual-packer single-layer fracturing string was developed. The lower K344 packer was replaced by the balance channel Y211 packer,which can effectively communicate the upper and lower layers to balance the formation pressure before the packer is released,thus reducing the packer releasing load. Field application showed that the fracturing string could achieve a simple operation and had a greatly reduced releasing force. The developed working string could effectively address the problem of string tripping out after fracturing operation,and could meet the large-displacement and large-sand volume needs of horizontal well SRV fracturing,presenting a broad application prospect in the refracturing of horizontal wells and old wells.
The conventional dual-packer single-layer fracturing technology has become the main technology for the refracturing treatment of horizontal wells of Turpan-Hami Oilfield. However,large pressure difference between the layers after fracturing can easily lead to failed retrieving of lower K344 packer rubber and difficult pipe string tripping,which could seriously affect the stimulation performance. To address the problem,a balanced dual-packer single-layer fracturing string was developed. The lower K344 packer was replaced by the balance channel Y211 packer,which can effectively communicate the upper and lower layers to balance the formation pressure before the packer is released,thus reducing the packer releasing load. Field application showed that the fracturing string could achieve a simple operation and had a greatly reduced releasing force. The developed working string could effectively address the problem of string tripping out after fracturing operation,and could meet the large-displacement and large-sand volume needs of horizontal well SRV fracturing,presenting a broad application prospect in the refracturing of horizontal wells and old wells.
引文
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[13]张书进.压裂管柱内固液两相流动特性及磨损机理研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2010.ZHANG S J.Research on solid-liquid flow character and erosion in hydraulic fracturing tubing[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2010.
[2]刘科伟,李家明,魏光华,等.双封拖动分层压裂管柱的研制及应用[J].石油地质与工程,2015,29(4):141-143.LIU K W,LI J M,WEI G H,et al.Development and application of dual packer separate layer fracturing string[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2015,29(4):141-143.
[3]段晓军,党玲,袁理生,等.水平井选段重复压裂工艺研究与应用[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012,32(2):77,126.DUAN X J,DANG L,YUAN L S,et al.Research and application of staged refracturing process for horizontal well[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard&Quality,2012,32(2):77,126.
[4]LIANG Y N,YUE Q F,ZHANG Z H,et al.Horizontal well sectional frac technique with dual-retrievable packers in Daqing oilfield[R].SPE 119071,2009.
[5]张岩宏,张国学.双封单卡奇偶交叉缝网体积压裂工艺探索应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2013(19):1-2.ZHANG Y H,ZHANG G X.Explore applications of cross-fracturing stimulated reservoir volume of with sectional frac technique with dual-retrievable packers[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2013(19):1-2.
[6]郭子义,王国庆,曾立军,等.直井分层压裂新技术在青海油田的应用[J].青海石油,2012,30(1):131-134.GUO Z Y,WANG G Q,ZENG L J,et al.Application of new separate layer fracturing technology for vertical wells in Qinghai oilfield[J].Qinghai Petroleum,2012,30(1):131-134.
[7]杜海鹏,郑培峰,杨建明,等.双封拖压工艺在二连油田水平井的应用[J].油气井测试,2014,23(4):64-65,68.DU H P,ZHENG P F,YANG J M,et al.Application of dual packer fracturing technology for horizontal wells in Erlian oilfield[J].Well Testing,2014,23(4):64-65,68.
[8]王金友,许国文,李琳,等.连续油管拖动底封水力喷射环空加砂分段压裂技术[J].石油矿场机械,2016,45(5):69-72.WANG J Y,XU G W,LI L,et al.Technology of coiled tubing abrasive perforating and annulus fracturing[J].Oil Field Equipment,2016,45(5):69-72.
[9]杨魁.同井注采封隔器设计及管柱力学分析[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2011.YANG K.Packer design and mechanical analysis of injection-production string in one well[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2011.
[10]周俊然,王益山,郭贤伟,等.组合式滑套分段压裂管柱研究及现场应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(4):483-486.ZHOU J R,WANG Y S,GUO X W,et al.Development and field application of combined sliding sleeve staged fracturing string[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(4):483-486.
[11]丁宇奇,兰乘宇,刘巨保,等.分层压裂管柱冲蚀特性数值模拟与实验分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2017,39(2):231-236.DING Y Q,LAN C Y,LIU J B,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental analysis of separate layer fracturing string erosion properties[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2017,39(2):231-236.
[12]程心平.扩张式封隔器胶筒力学性能分析[J].石油机械,2014,42(6):72-76.CHENG X P.Mechanical properties analysis of expandable packer rubber[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(6):72-76.
[13]张书进.压裂管柱内固液两相流动特性及磨损机理研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2010.ZHANG S J.Research on solid-liquid flow character and erosion in hydraulic fracturing tubing[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2010.
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