短链脂肪酸的生理功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用
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摘要
短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)是指碳原子数目不大于6的脂肪酸,在肠道中以乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量居高。在生物体内SCFAs具有提供能量、调节免疫、调控肠道细胞代谢、维持水电解质平衡、改善肠道菌群结构等多种重要的生物学功能。本文就机体内SCFAs的产生、SCFAs的生理功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展进行综述,旨在为SCFAs的开发利用提供理论依据。
Short-chain fatty acids( SCFAs) refer to fatty acids having a carbon number of not more than 6,and are high in the intestinal tract with acetate,propionate and butyrate. In vivo,SCFA has many important biological functions such as providing energy,regulating immunity,regulating intestinal cell metabolism,maintaining water and electrolyte balance,and improving intestinal flora structure. This paper reviewed the advances of SCFAs,including the physiological functions of SCFAs and their application in livestock and poultry production,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of SCFAs.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(7):3039-3048]
Short-chain fatty acids( SCFAs) refer to fatty acids having a carbon number of not more than 6,and are high in the intestinal tract with acetate,propionate and butyrate. In vivo,SCFA has many important biological functions such as providing energy,regulating immunity,regulating intestinal cell metabolism,maintaining water and electrolyte balance,and improving intestinal flora structure. This paper reviewed the advances of SCFAs,including the physiological functions of SCFAs and their application in livestock and poultry production,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of SCFAs.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(7):3039-3048]
引文
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[15] FAN P X,LI L S,REZAEI A,et al.Metabolites of dietary protein and peptides by intestinal microbes and their impacts on gut[J].Current Protein&Peptide Science,2015,16(7):646-654.
[16] VITAL M,HOWE A C,TIEDJE J M. Revealing the bacterial butyrate synthesis pathways by analyzing(Meta)genomic data[J]. MBio,2014,5(2):e00889-14.
[17] KOH A,DE VADDER F,KOVATCHEVA-DATCHARY P,et al. From dietary fiber to host physiology:short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites[J].Cell,2016,165(6):1332-1345.
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[19] DEN BESTEN G,LANGE K,HAVINGA R,et al.Gut-derived short-chain fatty acids are vividly assimilated into host carbohydrates and lipids[J]. American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2013,305(12):G900-G910.
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[23] HOSSEINI E,GROOTAERT C,VERSTRAETE W,et al.Propionate as a health-promoting microbial metabolite in the human gut[J]. Nutrition Reviews,2011,69(5):245-258.
[24] DUNCAN S H,BARCENILLA A,STEWART C S,et al. Acetate utilization and butyryl coenzyme A(CoA):acetate-CoA transferase in butyrate-producing bacteria from the human large intestine[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(10):5186-5190.
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[27] BYRNE C S,CHAMBERS E S,MORRISON D J,et al.The role of short chain fatty acids in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis[J]. International Journal of Obesity,2015,39(9):1331-1338.
[28] KIMM,QIE Y Q,PARK J,et al. Gut microbial metabolites fuel host antibody responses[J]. Cell Host&Microbe,2016,20(2):202-214.
[29] RICHARDS J L,YAP Y A,MCLEOD K H,et al.Dietary metabolites and the gut microbiota:an alternative approach to control inflammatory and autoimmune diseases[J].Clinical&Translational Immunology,2016,5(5):e82.
[30] CHANG P V,HAO L M,OFFERMANNS S,et al.The microbial metabolite butyrate regulates intestinal macrophage function via histone deacetylase inhibition[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2014,111(6):2247-2252.
[31] LE POUL E,LOISON C,STRUYF S,et al.Functional characterization of human receptors for short chain fatty acids and their role in polymorphonuclear cell activation[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2003,278(28):25481-25489.
[32] MASLOWSKI K M,VIEIRA A T,NG A,et al.Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43[J]. Nature,2009,461(7268):1282-1286.
[33] ARPAIA N,CAMPBELL C,FAN X Y,et al.Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation[J].Nature,2013,504(7480):451-455.
[34] FURUSAWA Y,OBATA Y,FUKUDA S,et al.Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells[J]. Nature,2013,504(7480):446-450.
[35] THANGARAJU M,CRESCI G A,LIU K B,et al.GPR109A is a G-protein-coupled receptor for the bacterial fermentation product butyrate and functions as a tumor suppressor in colon[J].Cancer Research,2009,69(7):2826-2832.
[36] SINGH N,GURAV A,SIVAPRAKASAMS,et al.Activation of GPR109A,receptor for niacin and the commensal metabolite butyrate,suppresses colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis[J]. Immunity,2014,40(1):128-139.
[37] KIMH J,BAE S C. Histone deacetylase inhibitors:molecular mechanisms of action and clinical trials as anti-cancer drugs[J].American Journal of Translational Research,2011,3(2):166-179.
[38] FLINT H J,SCOTT K P,LOUIS P,et al.The role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health[J]. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology&Hepatology,2012,9(10):577-589.
[39] DAVIE J R. Inhibition of histone deacetylase activity by butyrate[J]. Journal of Nutrition,2003,133(7Suppl):2485S-2493S.
[40] LIU H,WANG J,HE T,et al.Butyrate:a double-edged sword for health?[J]. Advances in Nutrition,2018,9(1):21-29.
[41] SUN MM,WU W,LIU Z J,et al.Microbiota metabolite short chain fatty acids,GPCR,and inflammatory bowel diseases[J].Journal of Gastroenterology,2017,52(1):1-8.
[42] LIN MY,DE ZOETE MR,VAN PUTTEN J P M,et al. Redirection of epithelial immune responses by short-chain fatty acids through inhibition of histone deacetylases[J]. Frontiers in Immunology,2015,6:554.
[43] VINOLO MA R,HATANAKA E,LAMBERTUCCI R H,et al.Effects of short chain fatty acids on effector mechanisms of neutrophils[J]. Cell Biochemistry&Function,2009,27(1):48-55.
[44] GURAV A,SIVAPRAKASAMS,BHUTIA Y D,et al. SLC5A8,a Na+-coupled high-affinity transporter for short-chain fatty acids,is a conditional tumor suppressor in colon that protects against colitis and colon cancer under low-fiber dietary conditions[J].The Biochemical Journal,2015,469(2):267-278.
[45] PARK J,KIMM,KANG S G,et al.Short-chain fatty acids induce both effector and regulatory T cells by suppression of histone deacetylases and regulation of the mTOR-S6K pathway[J]. Mucosal Immunology,2015,8(1):80-93.
[46] ISHIKAWA T,NANJO F.Dietary cycloinulooligosaccharides enhance intestinal immunoglobulin A production in mice[J]. Bioscience,Biotechnology,and Biochemistry,2009,73(3):677-682.
[47] NEPELSKA M,DE WOUTERS T,JACOUTON E,et al.Commensal gut bacteria modulate phosphorylationdependent PPARγtranscriptional activity in human intestinal epithelial cells[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7:43199.
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