弱胶结软岩巷道让抗联合底臌控制技术及应用
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摘要
弱胶结软岩巷道围岩具有质地薄、胶结弱、遇水崩解泥化、施工扰动剧烈等工程特点,导致巷道底臌严重且变形时间长。以麦垛山煤矿1#煤主运大巷为工程实例,基于现场监测与室内试验等手段,深入探讨了巷道的底板变形破坏特征及破坏机制,在此基础上,提出了"初次锚喷让压、二次强化封闭、重要部位加固"的让抗联合底臌控制措施。采用数值分析方法对比了原支护方案与让抗联合方案的支护效果,证明了让抗联合底臌控制措施的优越性。结果表明,采用初期让压、后期封闭的联合控制技术能够将巷道底臌控制在较低水平,底板变形量仅为普通锚网喷支护的14.6%,顶沉和边墙变形也大幅减小;此外,采用让抗联合底臌控制技术能够显著减少附近围岩的破坏范围,改善围岩整体承力性能,为西部地区弱胶结巷道施工及加固提供了理论依据和技术指导。
Surrounding rock of the weakly consolidated soft rock roadway has the engineering characteristics such as thin layers,weak cementation,disintegration when contact water,and vigorous construction disturbance,which leads to the serious deformation of floor heave and long duration.Taking the main haulage of Maiduoshan mine as a project case,the deformation characteristics and mechanism of the roadway were studied based on the methods of on-site monitoring and laboratory testing.On this basis,ajoint floor heave control measure of yield-resistance stress that means "initial yield pressure,secondary closed and third strengthening" was presented.Then,the numerical calculation was used to compare the supporting effect of this joint control scheme with the original scheme,so as to demonstrate the superiority of the improved scheme.The results showed that the improved control scheme could control the deformation of floor heave effectively,in which the floor heave was only 14.6%of the original scheme,and the deformation of roof and wall was also decreased significantly.In addition,the scheme could obviously reduce the failure scope of surrounding rock,and improve the overall bearing capacity of surrounding rock.The study provided a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the construction and reinforcement of the weakly consolidated roadway in the western China.
Surrounding rock of the weakly consolidated soft rock roadway has the engineering characteristics such as thin layers,weak cementation,disintegration when contact water,and vigorous construction disturbance,which leads to the serious deformation of floor heave and long duration.Taking the main haulage of Maiduoshan mine as a project case,the deformation characteristics and mechanism of the roadway were studied based on the methods of on-site monitoring and laboratory testing.On this basis,ajoint floor heave control measure of yield-resistance stress that means "initial yield pressure,secondary closed and third strengthening" was presented.Then,the numerical calculation was used to compare the supporting effect of this joint control scheme with the original scheme,so as to demonstrate the superiority of the improved scheme.The results showed that the improved control scheme could control the deformation of floor heave effectively,in which the floor heave was only 14.6%of the original scheme,and the deformation of roof and wall was also decreased significantly.In addition,the scheme could obviously reduce the failure scope of surrounding rock,and improve the overall bearing capacity of surrounding rock.The study provided a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the construction and reinforcement of the weakly consolidated roadway in the western China.
引文
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[3]程少北,乔卫国,居彦治,等.软岩巷道底鼓锚注加固机理及数值模拟[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(9):32-34.
[4]冯利民,黄玉东,张得现,等.高应力软岩巷道围岩变形机理及支护技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(9):86-88.
[5]HARAMY K.Floor heave analysis in a deep coal mine[A].Proc.of the 27th U.S.Symposium on Rock Mechanics[C]//Rotterdam:Alabrna.1986.
[6]郭富利,张顶立,苏洁,等.地下水和围压对软岩力学性质影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(11):2324-2332.
[7]康红普,陆士良.巷道底臌机理的分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1991,2(4):362-373.
[8]刘明杰,任松杰,李荣华.软岩巷道变形特征与分区域分阶段控制技术数值模拟研究[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,25(3):8-11.
[9]王渭明,孙捷城,吕连勋.弱胶结软岩巷道围岩位移反演地应力研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(3):646-652.
[10]赵增辉,王渭明,高鑫,等.弱胶结泥质软岩的三向压缩损伤特性[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2014(08):1399-1405.
[11]孔令辉.弱胶结软岩巷道围岩稳定性分析及支护优化研究[D].山东:山东科技大学,2011.