湛江红树林湿地沉积物有机碳分布特征及影响因素
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摘要
红树林生态系统位于海洋与陆地的交界处,具有重要的生态服务功能。红树林湿地是重要的碳库,对全球碳平衡有重要影响。然而,由于受到人口增长、社会经济发展和城市化进程加快等人类活动和全球气候变化的影响,红树林正在加速消失。文章以广东湛江市国家级红树林自然保护区为研究区,通过分析红树林沉积物中的有机碳含量及分布特征,讨论人类活动(如,人工养殖)在湿地碳循环中的影响。本研究在研究区内获取15个样品,利用重铬酸钾氧化—还原容量法测定了沉积物中有机碳含量。结果表明:研究区内沉积物有机碳(TOC)含量介于0.68%～2.50%,同时TOC含量与研究区内人工养殖场排污口的距离有密切关系:离排污口越近,TOC值越低;离排污口越远,TOC值越高。此外,研究区内红树林TOC含量与其他红树林湿地TOC含量相比明显偏低,可能与养殖排污抑制红树林的生长和繁殖,从而使其TOC含量明显减少有关。
Mangrove ecosystem is located at the junction of ocean and land,and has important ecological service functions.Mangrove wetland is an important carbon pool,which has important impact on global carbon balance.However,mangroves are rapidly disappearing due to global climate change and human activities,such as population growth,socio-economic development and accelerated urbanization.Therefore,this study took the Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve,Guangdong as the research area,discussed the impact of human activities(such as artificial cultivation) on the carbon cycle in wetlands,by analyzing the content and distribution characteristics of organic carbon in mangrove sediments.15 samples were obtained in the study area,based on the potassium dichromate oxidation reduction capacity method,the content of organic carbon in sediments was measured.The results showed that the content of organic carbon(TOC) in the study area was between 0.68% ～2.50%,at the same time,the TOC content was closely related to the distance from the sewage outlet of the artificial aquaculture farm in the study:The closer to the sewage outlet,the lower the TOC value;the farther away from the sewage outlet,the higher the TOC value.In addition,the TOC content of mangrove in the study area was significantly lower than that of other mangrove wetlands TOC content,which may be related to the inhibition of mangrove growth and reproduction by sewage from aquaculture,so that the TOC content of mangrove decreased significantly.
Mangrove ecosystem is located at the junction of ocean and land,and has important ecological service functions.Mangrove wetland is an important carbon pool,which has important impact on global carbon balance.However,mangroves are rapidly disappearing due to global climate change and human activities,such as population growth,socio-economic development and accelerated urbanization.Therefore,this study took the Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve,Guangdong as the research area,discussed the impact of human activities(such as artificial cultivation) on the carbon cycle in wetlands,by analyzing the content and distribution characteristics of organic carbon in mangrove sediments.15 samples were obtained in the study area,based on the potassium dichromate oxidation reduction capacity method,the content of organic carbon in sediments was measured.The results showed that the content of organic carbon(TOC) in the study area was between 0.68% ～2.50%,at the same time,the TOC content was closely related to the distance from the sewage outlet of the artificial aquaculture farm in the study:The closer to the sewage outlet,the lower the TOC value;the farther away from the sewage outlet,the higher the TOC value.In addition,the TOC content of mangrove in the study area was significantly lower than that of other mangrove wetlands TOC content,which may be related to the inhibition of mangrove growth and reproduction by sewage from aquaculture,so that the TOC content of mangrove decreased significantly.
引文
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[27]REN H,JIAN S,LU H,et al.,Restoration of mangrove plantations and colonization by native species in Lei zhou bay,south China[J].Ecological Research,2008,23(2):401-407.
[28]廖金凤.雷州半岛红树林盐土的某些理化性质[J].土壤,2004,36(5):561-564.
[29]韩维栋,凌大炯,李燕,等.人工无瓣海桑林的土壤动态研究[J].南京林业大学学报自然科学版,2003,27(2):49-54.
[30]LIU H,REN H,HUI D,et al.,Carbon stocks and potential carbon storage in the mangrove forests of China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,133:86-93.
[31]彭友贵,陈桂珠,佘忠明,等.红树林滩涂海水种植-养殖生态耦合系统初步研究[J].中山大学学报,2004,43(6):150-155.
[32]郑康振,陈耿,郑杏雯,等.人工红树林湿地系统净化污水研究进展[J]生态学杂志,2009,28(1):138-145.
[33]陈桂葵,陈桂珠,黄玉山,等.人工污水对白骨壤幼苗生理生态特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(1):95-98.
[2]陈宜瑜,吕宪国.湿地功能与湿地科学的研究方向[J].湿地科学,2003,1(1):7-11.
[3]DAVIDSON E A,JANSSENS I A.Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change[J].Nature,2006,440:165-173.
[4]ISE T,DUNN A L,WOFSY S C,et al.High sensitivity of peat decomposition to climate change through water-table feedback[J].Nature Geo science,2008,1(11):763-766.
[5]WEINDORF D C,ZHU Y.Spatial variability of soil properties at Capulin Volcano,New Mexico,USA:Implications for sampling strategy[J].Pedosphere,2010,20(2):185-197.
[6]殷书柏,杨青,吕宪国.三江平原典型环型湿地土壤有机碳剖面分布及碳贮量[J].土壤通报,2006,37(4):659-661.
[7]隋淑珍,张乔民.华南沿海红树林海岸沉积物特征分析[J].热带海洋,1999,18(4):17-23.
[8]谭晓林,张乔民.红树林潮滩沉积速率及海平面上升对我国红树林的影响[J].海洋通报,1997,16(4):29-35.
[9]毛子龙.深圳福田秋茄红树林生态系统碳循环的初步研究[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(7):1189-1199.
[10]赖廷和.广西珍珠湾桐花树群落凋落物碳输出动态研究[J].泉州师范学院学报,2015,33(6):1-7.
[11]何斌源.中国红树林湿地物种多样性及其形成[J].生态学报,2007,27(1):4859-4870.
[12]范航清.广西红树林上大型固着污损动物的种类组成及分布[J].广西科学院学报,1993,9(2):58-62.
[13]王文卿.九龙江口红树植物叶片重金属元素含量及动态[J].台湾海峡,1997,16(2):233-238.
[14]王文卿.红树林生态系统重金属污染的研究[J].海洋科学,1999(3):45-48.
[15]辛琨.海南岛红树林湿地土壤有机碳分布规律及影响因素研究[J].土壤学报,2014,51(5):1078-1086.
[16]朱耀军,赵峰,郭菊兰,等.湛江高桥红树林湿地有机碳分布及埋藏特征[J].生态学报,2016,36(23):7841-7849.
[17]莫莉萍.广西红树林湿地土壤有机碳储量估算[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(15):81-84.
[18]赵牧秋.三亚市红树林碳储量与固碳能力分析[J].琼州学院学报,2013,20(5):85-88.
[19]朱耀军,郭菊兰,武高洁,等.湛江高桥红树林沉积物理化性质与金属元素的空间分布[J].北京林业大学学报,2014,36(2):1-9.
[20]梁文,李智,范航清,等.防城港湾红树林表层沉积物粒度分形特征及与环境因子的相关性[J].应用海洋学学报,2013,32(2):184-192.
[21]MEZIANE T TSUCHIYE M.Organic matter in a subtropical mangrove-estuary subjected to wastewater discharge:origin and utilization by two macrozoobenthic species[J].Journal of Sea Research,2002,47(1):1-11.
[22]KRISTENSEN E,BOUILLON S,DITTMAR T,et al.,Organic carbon dynamics in mangrove ecosystems:a review[J].Aquatic Botary,2008,89(2):201-219.
[23]CHMURA G L,ANISFELD J B,CAHOON D R,et al.,Global carbon sequestration in tidal,saline wetland soils[J].Global Biogeochemical Cysles,2003,17(4):1111.
[24]韩维栋,高旭东.湛江湾红树林土壤理化性质的研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(31):27-31.
[25]YANG J,GAO J,LIU B,et al.,Sediment deposits and organic carbon sequestration along mangrove coasts of the Leizhou Peninsula,southern China[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2014,136:3-10.
[26]ZHANG J P.Quantification of sedimentary organic carbon storage and turnover of tidal mangrove stands in southern China based on carbon isotopic measurements[J].Radiocarbon,2013,55(2/3):1665-1674.
[27]REN H,JIAN S,LU H,et al.,Restoration of mangrove plantations and colonization by native species in Lei zhou bay,south China[J].Ecological Research,2008,23(2):401-407.
[28]廖金凤.雷州半岛红树林盐土的某些理化性质[J].土壤,2004,36(5):561-564.
[29]韩维栋,凌大炯,李燕,等.人工无瓣海桑林的土壤动态研究[J].南京林业大学学报自然科学版,2003,27(2):49-54.
[30]LIU H,REN H,HUI D,et al.,Carbon stocks and potential carbon storage in the mangrove forests of China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2014,133:86-93.
[31]彭友贵,陈桂珠,佘忠明,等.红树林滩涂海水种植-养殖生态耦合系统初步研究[J].中山大学学报,2004,43(6):150-155.
[32]郑康振,陈耿,郑杏雯,等.人工红树林湿地系统净化污水研究进展[J]生态学杂志,2009,28(1):138-145.
[33]陈桂葵,陈桂珠,黄玉山,等.人工污水对白骨壤幼苗生理生态特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(1):95-98.