基于绝对重力基准控制的流动重力观测资料动态平差方法研究
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摘要
选取滇西重力测网1986~2009年流动重力观测资料及下关、丽江、昆明3个绝对重力基准点多年复测资料作基准控制,采用线性速率模型拟合观测过程中重力场的时变信息,建立绝对重力基准点约束下的动态平差模型,讨论段差观测值及绝对重力基准观测值协方差矩阵的构建、平差模型初值选取及迭代计算等细节问题。经分析,测区内测点的重力年变率范围为(-0.039 5~0.024 1)×10-5 ms-2/a,精度范围为(0.001~0.029 8)×10-5 ms-2/a,与分期静态平差拟合结果的差异约为(0.003~0.020)×10-5 ms-2/a。在处理全国网和较大面积的区域网多年重复观测的重力资料时,尤其是多网多期重力资料联合处理时,应采用动态平差模型来获得统一时间基准和空间基准的重力变化。
In this paper we use the repeated gravity measurements of the western Yunnan gravity network with the data length of 1986-2009,as well as absolute gravity observations at Xiaguan,Lijiang,and Kunming gravity sites.Linear gravity rate models are employed to estimate the time variation geophysical information.We build dynamic adjustment models under the constraints of absolute gravity observations,and discuss several key questions including the variance metric for both repeated and absolute gravity measurements,the initial values of the models and the iterations',robust estimation,and statistic hypothesis testing.We obtain the annual gravity rate at each site in the western Yunnan network with a range of(-0.039 5-0.024 1)×10-5 ms-2/a,and the precision with a range of(0.001-0.029 8)×10-5 ms-2/a,with the difference of(0.003-0.020)×10-5 ms-2/a,as compared with the static adjustment method.When we process the national gravity network or the regional gravity network over a relatively large area,especially with multi-network and multi-campaign gravity measurements,the dynamic adjustment model developed in this work can obtain the gravity variation under the united space-time status.
In this paper we use the repeated gravity measurements of the western Yunnan gravity network with the data length of 1986-2009,as well as absolute gravity observations at Xiaguan,Lijiang,and Kunming gravity sites.Linear gravity rate models are employed to estimate the time variation geophysical information.We build dynamic adjustment models under the constraints of absolute gravity observations,and discuss several key questions including the variance metric for both repeated and absolute gravity measurements,the initial values of the models and the iterations',robust estimation,and statistic hypothesis testing.We obtain the annual gravity rate at each site in the western Yunnan network with a range of(-0.039 5-0.024 1)×10-5 ms-2/a,and the precision with a range of(0.001-0.029 8)×10-5 ms-2/a,with the difference of(0.003-0.020)×10-5 ms-2/a,as compared with the static adjustment method.When we process the national gravity network or the regional gravity network over a relatively large area,especially with multi-network and multi-campaign gravity measurements,the dynamic adjustment model developed in this work can obtain the gravity variation under the united space-time status.
引文
[1]李辉.中国大陆近期重力场动态变化图像[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009(3):1-10(Li Hui.Dynamic Gravity Change in Recent Years in China Continent[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2009(3):1-10)
[2]孙少安,康开轩,黄邦武.关于区域重力场变化基准的思考[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2012(1):17-20(Sun Shaoan,Kang Kaixuan,Huang Bangwu.Thinking on Datum of Regional Gravity Field Variation[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2012(1):17-20)
[3]张祖胜,杨元喜,孙汉荣,等.地壳形变监测中的水准与重力资料联合解算[J].地震学报,1998,20(1),76-85(Zhang Zusheng,Yang Yuanxi,Sun Hanrong,et al.Combination of the Leveling and Gravity Measurements in Crustal Deformation Detection[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(1),76-85)
[4]孙和平,徐建桥,黎琼.地球重力场的精细频谱结构及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2),345-352(Sun Heping,Xu Jianqiao,Li Qiong.Detail Spectral Structure of Earth’s Gravity Field and Its Application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2),345-352)
[5]李辉,刘冬至,刘绍府.地震重力监测网统一平差模型的建立[J].地壳形变与地震,1991(增刊):68-74(Li Hui,Liu Dongzhi,Liu Shaofu.Integtated Adjustment Models for the Seismic-Gravity Network[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1991(Supp):68-74)
[6]孙少安,项爱民,李辉.滇西和北京区域重力场演化及其与地震的关系的探讨[J].地震,1999,19(1):97-106(Sun Shaoan,Xiang Aimin,Li Hui.Research on Evolution of Western Yunnan and Beijing Regional Gravity Fields and Their Relationship with Earthquake[J].Earthquake,1999,19(1):97-106)
[7]孙少安,项爱民,吴维日.LCR-G型重力仪仪器参数的时变特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002(2):101-105(Sun Shaoan,Xiang Aimin,Wu Weiri.Time-Varying Characteristics of LCR-G Gravimeter Parameters[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2002(2):101-105)
[8]Pagiatakis S D,Salib P.Historical Relative Gravity Observations and the Time Rate of Change of Gravity due to Postglacial Rebound and Other Tectonic Movements in Canada[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978-2012),2003,108(B9)
[9]刘绍府,李辉,刘冬至.拉科斯特重力仪测量平差中的相关问题[J].地壳形变与地震,1990(2):67-73(Liu Shaofu,Li Hui,Liu Dongzhi.Correlative Problem of Measurement Adjustment of LCR Gravimeter[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1990(2):67-73)
[10]李辉,付广裕,孙少安,等.滇西地区重力场动态变化计算[J].地壳形变与地震,2000(1):60-66(Li Hui,Fu Guangyu,Sun Shaoan,et al.Computation on Dynamic Gravity Changes in the Western Area of Yunnan Province[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,2000(1):60-66)
[11]王勇,张为民,詹金刚,等.重复绝对重力测量观测的滇西地区和拉萨点的重力变化及其意义[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):95-100(Wang Yong,Zhang Weimin,Zhan Jingang,et al.Gravity Changes Detected by Repeated Absolute Gravity Measurements in the Western Yunnan and Lhasa,China and Its Implication[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(1):95-100)
[12]康开轩,邢灿飞,李辉,等.抗差Helmert方差分量估计在重力网平差中的应用[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008(5):115-119(Kang Kaixuan,Xing Canfei,Li Hui,et al.Application of Robust Helmert Method of Variance Component Estimation in Adjustment of Gravity Network[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008(5):115-119)
[2]孙少安,康开轩,黄邦武.关于区域重力场变化基准的思考[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2012(1):17-20(Sun Shaoan,Kang Kaixuan,Huang Bangwu.Thinking on Datum of Regional Gravity Field Variation[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2012(1):17-20)
[3]张祖胜,杨元喜,孙汉荣,等.地壳形变监测中的水准与重力资料联合解算[J].地震学报,1998,20(1),76-85(Zhang Zusheng,Yang Yuanxi,Sun Hanrong,et al.Combination of the Leveling and Gravity Measurements in Crustal Deformation Detection[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(1),76-85)
[4]孙和平,徐建桥,黎琼.地球重力场的精细频谱结构及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2),345-352(Sun Heping,Xu Jianqiao,Li Qiong.Detail Spectral Structure of Earth’s Gravity Field and Its Application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2),345-352)
[5]李辉,刘冬至,刘绍府.地震重力监测网统一平差模型的建立[J].地壳形变与地震,1991(增刊):68-74(Li Hui,Liu Dongzhi,Liu Shaofu.Integtated Adjustment Models for the Seismic-Gravity Network[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1991(Supp):68-74)
[6]孙少安,项爱民,李辉.滇西和北京区域重力场演化及其与地震的关系的探讨[J].地震,1999,19(1):97-106(Sun Shaoan,Xiang Aimin,Li Hui.Research on Evolution of Western Yunnan and Beijing Regional Gravity Fields and Their Relationship with Earthquake[J].Earthquake,1999,19(1):97-106)
[7]孙少安,项爱民,吴维日.LCR-G型重力仪仪器参数的时变特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002(2):101-105(Sun Shaoan,Xiang Aimin,Wu Weiri.Time-Varying Characteristics of LCR-G Gravimeter Parameters[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2002(2):101-105)
[8]Pagiatakis S D,Salib P.Historical Relative Gravity Observations and the Time Rate of Change of Gravity due to Postglacial Rebound and Other Tectonic Movements in Canada[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978-2012),2003,108(B9)
[9]刘绍府,李辉,刘冬至.拉科斯特重力仪测量平差中的相关问题[J].地壳形变与地震,1990(2):67-73(Liu Shaofu,Li Hui,Liu Dongzhi.Correlative Problem of Measurement Adjustment of LCR Gravimeter[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1990(2):67-73)
[10]李辉,付广裕,孙少安,等.滇西地区重力场动态变化计算[J].地壳形变与地震,2000(1):60-66(Li Hui,Fu Guangyu,Sun Shaoan,et al.Computation on Dynamic Gravity Changes in the Western Area of Yunnan Province[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,2000(1):60-66)
[11]王勇,张为民,詹金刚,等.重复绝对重力测量观测的滇西地区和拉萨点的重力变化及其意义[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):95-100(Wang Yong,Zhang Weimin,Zhan Jingang,et al.Gravity Changes Detected by Repeated Absolute Gravity Measurements in the Western Yunnan and Lhasa,China and Its Implication[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(1):95-100)
[12]康开轩,邢灿飞,李辉,等.抗差Helmert方差分量估计在重力网平差中的应用[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008(5):115-119(Kang Kaixuan,Xing Canfei,Li Hui,et al.Application of Robust Helmert Method of Variance Component Estimation in Adjustment of Gravity Network[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008(5):115-119)