多金属结核与低品位硫化镍矿共提取中Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans增速作用
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摘要
为利用多金属结核与低品位硫化镍矿,提出嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,At. f菌)共浸出镍、钴、铜、锰工艺,考察有无Fe(Ⅲ)和At. f菌体系中S/Mn矿石质量比、矿浆浓度、搅拌速度、温度、接菌量和pH值对主金属元素浸出的影响,通过循环伏安、电化学极化、计时电流、XRD和SEM等分析手段揭示多金属共浸出过程中At. f菌的增速作用机理。结果表明:At. f菌可提高主金属元素浸出速度和回收率;At. f菌存在时,多金属结核阴极-低品位镍矿阳极电极间电位差增大,Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)和S~0/S~(2-)氧化还原加快,从而加速腐蚀反应。At. f菌促进多金属结核溶解过程电子转移和物质交换,引起低品位硫化镍矿氧化还原电位负移并释放吸附矿石表面S~0电子。有菌浸取时的镍、锰、铜和钴浸出率分别达95.34%、97.34%、92.24%和97.75%,比无菌浸取时的分别提高8.78%、4.78%、10.34%和5.46%。
For the extraction of Ni,Cu,Co,and Mn from polymetallic nodule and low-grade nickel sulfide ore,a simultaneous bioleaching was investigated by using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(At.f).The extraction regularity was measured by effect of mass ratio of S/Mn,pulp density,agitation speed,temperature,inoculation amount of bacteria and pH on the leaching of major metal elements.The feature and mechanism of the acceleration of At.f was determined by cyclic voltammetry,electrochemical polarization-curve,chronoamperometry,XRD and SEM analysis.The results show that the leaching rate and recovery of major metal elements increase with admixing At.f.Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans prospers the corrosion,by accelerating the mutual transformation of Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+) and S~0/S~(2-) electron couples and by increasing the potential difference between the anode of low-grade nickel sulfide ore and the cathode of polymetallic nodule.Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans can also improve the electron transfer and substance exchange in the dissolution of polymetallic nodules,cause a negative movement of the corrosion potential of nickel ore,and increase in the electron release of the adherent S~0.With the presence of At.f,the extraction ratios of Ni,Mn,Cu and Co during bioleaching are 95.34%,97.34%,92.24% and 97.75%,respectively,and more than those during inorganic leaching by 8.78%,4.78%,10.34% and 5.46%.
For the extraction of Ni,Cu,Co,and Mn from polymetallic nodule and low-grade nickel sulfide ore,a simultaneous bioleaching was investigated by using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(At.f).The extraction regularity was measured by effect of mass ratio of S/Mn,pulp density,agitation speed,temperature,inoculation amount of bacteria and pH on the leaching of major metal elements.The feature and mechanism of the acceleration of At.f was determined by cyclic voltammetry,electrochemical polarization-curve,chronoamperometry,XRD and SEM analysis.The results show that the leaching rate and recovery of major metal elements increase with admixing At.f.Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans prospers the corrosion,by accelerating the mutual transformation of Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+) and S~0/S~(2-) electron couples and by increasing the potential difference between the anode of low-grade nickel sulfide ore and the cathode of polymetallic nodule.Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans can also improve the electron transfer and substance exchange in the dissolution of polymetallic nodules,cause a negative movement of the corrosion potential of nickel ore,and increase in the electron release of the adherent S~0.With the presence of At.f,the extraction ratios of Ni,Mn,Cu and Co during bioleaching are 95.34%,97.34%,92.24% and 97.75%,respectively,and more than those during inorganic leaching by 8.78%,4.78%,10.34% and 5.46%.
引文
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[15]LIU Hong-chang,XIA Jin-lan,NIE Zhen-yuan,ZHENG Lei,MA Chen-yan,ZHAO Yi-dong.Differential ultilization and speciation transformation of orthorhombicα-S8 and amorphousμ-S by substrate-acclimated mesopholic Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and its mechanism analysis[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25(9):3096-3102.
[16]NOEI S B,SHEIBANI S,RASHCHI F,MIRAZIMI S M J.Kinetic modeling of copper bioleaching from low-grade ore from the Shahrbabak Copper Complex[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2017,24(6):611-620.
[17]MA Li-yuan,WANG Xing-jie,TAO Jie-meng,LIU Xue-duan,QIN Wen-qing.Differential fluoride tolerance between sulfur-and ferrous iron-grown Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and its mechanism analysis[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2017,119:59-66.
[18]张瑞洋,魏德洲,刘文刚,卢涛,沈岩柏,崔宝玉.聚乙二醇对氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出黄铜矿的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(7):2015-2021.ZHANG Rui-yang,WEI De-zhou,LIU Wen-gang,LU Tao,SHEN Yan-bai,CUI Bao-yu.Effect of polyethylene glycol on chalcopyrite bioleaching with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(7):2015-2021.
[2]赵峰,蒋训雄.含硫物质对大洋多金属结核金属化还原的影响[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2014(1):15-18.ZHAO Feng,JIANG Xun-xiong.Effect of sulfur-bearing substance on metallic reduction of oceanic polymetallic nodules[J].Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2014(1):15-18.
[3]崔富晖,牟文宁,顾兴利,许茜,翟玉春.铜镍氧硫混合矿焙烧-浸出过程铜、镍、铁的转化[J].中国有色金属学报,2017,27(7):1471-1478.CUI Fu-hui,MU Wen-ning,GU Xing-li,XU Qian,ZHAIYu-chun.Transformation of cooper,nickel and iron of oxide-sulfide mixed copper-nickel ore during roasting-leaching process[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2017,27(7):1471-1478.
[4]DUNBAR W S.Biotechnology and the mine of tomorrow[J].Trends in Biotechnology,2017,35(1):80-89.
[5]WYCISZKIEWICZ M,SAEID A,MALINOWSKI P,CHOJNACKA K.Valorization of phosphorus secondary raw materials by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].Molecules,2017,22(3):473.
[6]LI Hong-xu,LI Chao,ZHANG Zhi-qian.Decomposition mechanism of pentlandite during electrochemical bio-oxidation process[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2012,22(3):731-739.
[7]LIU Hong-chang,XIA Jin-lan,NIE Zhen-yuan.Relatedness of Cu and Fe speciation to chalcopyrite bioleaching by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].Hydrometallurgy,2015,156:40-46.
[8]FANG Fang,ZHONG Hong,JIANG Fang-ming,LI Chao-hui,CHEN Yong-fa,ZHAN Xue-hui.Influence of surfactants on bioleaching of arsenic-containing gold concentrate[J].Journal of Central South University,2014,21(10):3963-3969.
[9]XIAO Li,FANG Zheng,QIU Guan-zhou,WANG Shao-fen,WANG Chun-xiong.Mechanism of elecro-generative-leaching of chalcopyrite-MnO2 in presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2010,20(S1):s15-s20.
[10]叶茂友,严苹方,孙水裕,韩大建,庄圣炜,郑莉,黄绍松.铜离子浓度对嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长特性和生长动力学的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(10):2238-2245.YE Mao-you,YAN Ping-fang,SUN Shui-yu,HAN Da-jian,ZHUANG Sheng-yi,ZHENG Li,HUANG Shao-song.Effect of copper ion concentration on growth activity and kinetics of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016,26(10):2238-2245.
[11]腾青,冯雅丽,李浩然,张旭.锰离子浓度对氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长动力学的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(7):1547-1551.TENG Qing,FENG Ya-li,LI Hao-ran,ZHANG Xu.Effect of manganese ion concentration on growth kinetics of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016,26(7):1547-1551.
[12]YU Zhao-jing,YU Run-lan,LIU A-juan,ZENG Wei-min,LIUXue-duan,QIU Guan-zhou.Effect of pH values on extracellular protein and polysaccharide secretions of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans during chalcopyrite bioleaching[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2017,27(2):406-412.
[13]NAZARI B,JORJANI E,HANI H,MANAFI Z,RIAHI A.Formation of jarosite and its effect on important ions for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2017,27(4):406-412.
[14]赖绍师,覃文庆,杨聪仁,王军,张雁生,张博,常自勇,匡浩华.低品位硫化铜矿的细菌浸出[J].中国有色金属学报,2011,21(6):1473-1478.LAI Shao-shi,QIN Wen-qing,YANG Cong-ren,WANG Jun,ZHANG Yan-sheng,ZHANG Bo,CHANG Zi-yong,KUANGHao-hua.Bioleaching of low grade copper sulfide ore[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2011,21(6):1473-1478.
[15]LIU Hong-chang,XIA Jin-lan,NIE Zhen-yuan,ZHENG Lei,MA Chen-yan,ZHAO Yi-dong.Differential ultilization and speciation transformation of orthorhombicα-S8 and amorphousμ-S by substrate-acclimated mesopholic Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and its mechanism analysis[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25(9):3096-3102.
[16]NOEI S B,SHEIBANI S,RASHCHI F,MIRAZIMI S M J.Kinetic modeling of copper bioleaching from low-grade ore from the Shahrbabak Copper Complex[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2017,24(6):611-620.
[17]MA Li-yuan,WANG Xing-jie,TAO Jie-meng,LIU Xue-duan,QIN Wen-qing.Differential fluoride tolerance between sulfur-and ferrous iron-grown Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and its mechanism analysis[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2017,119:59-66.
[18]张瑞洋,魏德洲,刘文刚,卢涛,沈岩柏,崔宝玉.聚乙二醇对氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出黄铜矿的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(7):2015-2021.ZHANG Rui-yang,WEI De-zhou,LIU Wen-gang,LU Tao,SHEN Yan-bai,CUI Bao-yu.Effect of polyethylene glycol on chalcopyrite bioleaching with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(7):2015-2021.