一种全功率范围零电压开通的电流型双向隔离DC-DC变换器
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摘要
针对传统电流型双向变换器存在的低压侧开关高电压尖峰和硬开关现象,提出一种可在全功率范围内实现实际零电压开通(ZVS)的电流型双向隔离DC-DC变换器。该变换器的一次侧Boost半桥能有效抑制开关管的高电压尖峰;二次侧为两个有源半桥并联,通过调整二次侧桥内移相角可改变实现ZVS的反向电流的大小。该变换器通过采用混合移相+脉宽调制(PWM)控制,可使所有开关管在全功率范围内实现实际ZVS。首先,介绍变换器的工作原理;然后,详细分析变换器的功率传输特性和软开关特性;最后,搭建一台30~60V输入、400V/2.5A的实验样机,验证了所提变换器及其控制策略的优势。
In order to suppress the turn-off voltage spike and overcome the hard-switching in traditional current-fed bidirectional converters, this paper presents a novel current-fed bidirectional isolated DC-DC converter with full-operating-range zero-voltage switching(ZVS). The primary side of the proposed converter is a Boost half bridge, which can decrease the voltage stress on primary side switches. The secondary side of the proposed converter parallels two active half bridges, and the reverse current can be changed by adjusting the phase-shift angle within the secondary side. The converter adopts the hybrid phase shift plus pulse width modulation(PWM) control to make all switches realize ZVS in full operating range. Firstly, the corresponding operating principles are introduced. Then characteristics including the power transfer and soft-switching are investigated in detail. Finally, an experimental prototype with 30-60 V input and 400 V/2.5 A output is built to verify the converter and the control strategy.
In order to suppress the turn-off voltage spike and overcome the hard-switching in traditional current-fed bidirectional converters, this paper presents a novel current-fed bidirectional isolated DC-DC converter with full-operating-range zero-voltage switching(ZVS). The primary side of the proposed converter is a Boost half bridge, which can decrease the voltage stress on primary side switches. The secondary side of the proposed converter parallels two active half bridges, and the reverse current can be changed by adjusting the phase-shift angle within the secondary side. The converter adopts the hybrid phase shift plus pulse width modulation(PWM) control to make all switches realize ZVS in full operating range. Firstly, the corresponding operating principles are introduced. Then characteristics including the power transfer and soft-switching are investigated in detail. Finally, an experimental prototype with 30-60 V input and 400 V/2.5 A output is built to verify the converter and the control strategy.
引文
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[11]Shi Y,Li R,Xue Y,et al.Optimized operation of current-fed dual active bridge DC-DC converter for PV applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(11):6986-6995.
[12]Liu X,Wang Z,Li H.A new fuel cell power conditioning system with extended life time and minimized DC-bus capacitor[C]//IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition(APEC),Long Beach,2013:1926-1930.
[13]Ryu M,Jung D,Baek J,et al.An optimized design of bi-directional dual active bridge converter for low voltage battery charger[C]//IEEE Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition,Antalya,2014:177-183.
[14]Noh Yong-Su,Choi Seong-Chon,Ha Eun-Jung,et al.Current-fed two-inductor bi-directional DC/DC converter with wide output voltage range[C]//IEEE International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Pattaya,2015:2099-2103.
[15]肖旭,张方华,郑愫.移相+PWM控制双Boost半桥双向DC-DC变换器软开关过程的分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):17-25.Xiao Xu,Zhang Fanghua,Zheng Su.The analysis of soft-switching of the phase shift plus PWM control dual Boost half-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):17-25.
[16]Zhu L.A novel soft-commutating isolated Boost fullbridge ZVS-PWM DC-DC converter for bidirectional high Power applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2006,21(2):422-429.
[17]Wu T,Chen Y,Yang J,et al.Isolated bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter with a flyback snubber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2010,25(7):1915-1922.
[18]Wu T,Yang J,Kuo C,et al.Soft-switching bidirectional isolated full-bridge converter with active and passive snubbers[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(3):1368-1376.
[19]Peng F Z,Li H,Su G J,et al.A new ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter for fuel cell and battery application[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2004,19(1):54-65.
[2]Metri J I,Saadeh C T,Kanaan H Y.Design,control and simulation of a fuel-cell-fed power conversion system for electric vehicles[C]//IEEE International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries,Beirut,2014:199-204.
[3]Pan X,Rathore A K.Novel bidirectional snubberless soft-switching naturally clamped zero current commutated current-fed dual active bridge(CFDAB)converter for fuel cell vehicles[C]//IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,Denver,2013:1894-1901.
[4]胡腾,许烈,李永东,等.混合电动汽车多电平车载变换器的研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):261-268.Hu Teng,Xu Lie,Li Yongdong,et al.Research of multilevel converters on HEV[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):261-268.
[5]Tao H,Duarte J L,Hendrix M A M.Three-port triple-half-bridge bidirectional converter with zerovoltage switching[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(2):782-792.
[6]Wen H,Xiao W,Su B.Nonactive power loss minimization in a bidirectional isolated DC-DC converter for distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(12):6822-6831.
[7]Yu X,Starke M R,Tolbert L M,et al.Fuel cell power conditioning for electric power applications:a summary[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2007,1(5):643-656.
[8]曲平,李子欣,宋鹏先,等.隔离式双向全桥DCDC变换器预充电研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(增刊1):320-325.Qu Ping,Li Zixin,Song Pengxian,et al.Pre-charge strategy study for isolated dual active bridge DC-DC converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(S1):320-325.
[9]王聪,沙广林,王俊,等.基于双重移相控制的双有源桥DC-DC变换器的软开关[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):106-113.Wang Cong,Sha Guanglin,Wang Jun,et al.The analysis of zero voltage switching dual active bridge DC-DC converters based on dual-phase-shifting control[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):106-113.
[10]Chakraborty S,Chattopadhyay S.Analysis and comparison of voltage-source and current-source asymmetric dual-active half-bridge converters[C]//IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,Pittsburgh,2014:2072-2079.
[11]Shi Y,Li R,Xue Y,et al.Optimized operation of current-fed dual active bridge DC-DC converter for PV applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(11):6986-6995.
[12]Liu X,Wang Z,Li H.A new fuel cell power conditioning system with extended life time and minimized DC-bus capacitor[C]//IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition(APEC),Long Beach,2013:1926-1930.
[13]Ryu M,Jung D,Baek J,et al.An optimized design of bi-directional dual active bridge converter for low voltage battery charger[C]//IEEE Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition,Antalya,2014:177-183.
[14]Noh Yong-Su,Choi Seong-Chon,Ha Eun-Jung,et al.Current-fed two-inductor bi-directional DC/DC converter with wide output voltage range[C]//IEEE International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Pattaya,2015:2099-2103.
[15]肖旭,张方华,郑愫.移相+PWM控制双Boost半桥双向DC-DC变换器软开关过程的分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):17-25.Xiao Xu,Zhang Fanghua,Zheng Su.The analysis of soft-switching of the phase shift plus PWM control dual Boost half-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):17-25.
[16]Zhu L.A novel soft-commutating isolated Boost fullbridge ZVS-PWM DC-DC converter for bidirectional high Power applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2006,21(2):422-429.
[17]Wu T,Chen Y,Yang J,et al.Isolated bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter with a flyback snubber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2010,25(7):1915-1922.
[18]Wu T,Yang J,Kuo C,et al.Soft-switching bidirectional isolated full-bridge converter with active and passive snubbers[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(3):1368-1376.
[19]Peng F Z,Li H,Su G J,et al.A new ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter for fuel cell and battery application[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2004,19(1):54-65.