克拉玛依油田九_6区稠油油藏蒸汽-CO_2复合驱实验评价
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摘要
克拉玛依油田九6区齐古组稠油油藏上油层蒸汽驱采出程度达60%,而下油层采出程度仅为32%,存在油藏原油动用程度差异大,部分储集层未被波及等开发问题,需要探索新的开发方式来进一步提高开发效果。通过室内物理模拟实验,研究了九6区蒸汽-CO_2复合驱油效率及其驱油机理,优化了复合驱最佳注入参数。实验结果表明,蒸汽-CO_2复合驱过程中CO_2可为蒸汽驱打开渗流通道,降低注蒸汽压力,还可以抑制蒸汽驱造成的高黏度油包水乳状液的形成,降低了原油黏度;蒸汽冷凝水形成水气交替段塞,减缓了CO_2气窜发生,增大了波及体积,形成了良好的协同作用,蒸汽-CO_2复合驱比蒸汽驱驱油效率提高35%左右,实验优选了最佳注入方式为交替注入,在蒸汽温度为220℃,蒸汽与CO_2注入比为10∶1～25∶1时,最终驱油效率可达80%以上。
The recovery percent of reserves by steam flooding in the heavy oil reservoirs of the upper Qigu formation in District 9-6 of Karamay oilfield is 60%, but the recovery percent of reserves of the lower Qigu formation is only 32%. New development methods are needed tosolve the problems of partial unswept reservoirs and large differences in reservoir producing degree, and further to improve development effect. Based on the indoor physical simulation experiments, this article studies the steam-CO_2 flooding effect and oil displacement mechanism in District 9-6 and optimizes the injection parameters of the combined flooding. The experiment results show that CO_2 can open theflowing channel for steam flooding and reduce the steam injection pressure, meanwhile it can inhibit the forming of the high-viscosity water-in-oil emulsion resulted from steam flooding and reduce crude oil viscosity; the water from steam condensation forms a water-alternating-gasslug, which can slow down the CO_2 channeling and increase the swept volume. The enhanced oil recovery of steam-CO_2 flooding is 35.0%higher than that of steam flooding and it is proved that the steam-CO_2 alternating injection is the best injection mode. When the steam temperature is at 220 ℃ and the steam-CO_2 volume ratio ranges from 10:1 to 25:1, the final oil displacement efficiency can reach 80%.
The recovery percent of reserves by steam flooding in the heavy oil reservoirs of the upper Qigu formation in District 9-6 of Karamay oilfield is 60%, but the recovery percent of reserves of the lower Qigu formation is only 32%. New development methods are needed tosolve the problems of partial unswept reservoirs and large differences in reservoir producing degree, and further to improve development effect. Based on the indoor physical simulation experiments, this article studies the steam-CO_2 flooding effect and oil displacement mechanism in District 9-6 and optimizes the injection parameters of the combined flooding. The experiment results show that CO_2 can open theflowing channel for steam flooding and reduce the steam injection pressure, meanwhile it can inhibit the forming of the high-viscosity water-in-oil emulsion resulted from steam flooding and reduce crude oil viscosity; the water from steam condensation forms a water-alternating-gasslug, which can slow down the CO_2 channeling and increase the swept volume. The enhanced oil recovery of steam-CO_2 flooding is 35.0%higher than that of steam flooding and it is proved that the steam-CO_2 alternating injection is the best injection mode. When the steam temperature is at 220 ℃ and the steam-CO_2 volume ratio ranges from 10:1 to 25:1, the final oil displacement efficiency can reach 80%.
引文
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[7]石晓渠.浅薄层稠油吞吐后转蒸汽驱技术研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(2):93-96.SHI Xiaoqu. Study on the transfer of steam drive by shallow heavy oil[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(2):93-96.
[8]雷昊,郭肖,贾英,等.稠油注蒸汽开车对储层伤害的机理研究[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(2):212-214.LEI Hao,GUO Xiao,JIA Ying,et al. Study of formation damage mechanism of heavy oil exploitation with steam injection[J]. West China Petroleum Geosciences,2006,2(2):212-214.
[9]向湘兴,陈静,侯军伟,等.克拉玛依油田稠油油藏氮气泡沫驱应用[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(1):76-80.XIANG Xiangxing,CHEN Jing,HOU Junwei,et al. Application of nitrogen foam flooding in heavy oil reservoirs in Karamay oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(1):76-80.
[10]苏玉亮,高海涛.稠油蒸汽驱热效率影响因素研究[J].断块油气田,2009,16(2):73-74.SU Yuliang,GAO Haitao. Influencing factors of thermal efficiency during heavy oil steam drive[J]. FaultBlock Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(2):73-74.
[11]张娟,周立发,张晓辉,等.浅薄层稠油油藏水平井CO2吞吐效果[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(4):485-491.ZHANG Juan,ZHOU Lifa,ZHANG Xiaohui,et al. Effects of CO2huff and puff in horizontal wells in shallowburial thin heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(4):485-491.
[12]杨杰. CO2辅助蒸汽驱驱油效率实验研究[J].当代石油化工,2017,46(5):827-830.YANG Jie. Study on oil displacement efficiency of CO2-assisted steam flooding[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry,2017,46(5):827-830.
[13]任立华,孙甲,孙艳,等.高酸值稠油的特性及加工对策[J].石化技术与应用,2014,32(5):417-420.REN Lihua,SUN Jia,SUN Yan,et al. Characteristics and processing counter measure of highacid heavy oil[J]. Petrochemical Technology&Application,2014,32(5):417-420.
[14]蒋小华,王玮,宫敬.稠油包水乳状液的表观黏度[J].化工学报,2008,59(3):721-727.JIANG Xiaohua,WANG Wei,GONG Jing. Apparent viscosity of water-in-heavy crude oil emulsion[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2008,59(3):721-727.
[2]刘其成.火烧油层室内实验及驱油机理研究[D].黑龙江大庆:东北石油大学,2011:1-15.LIU Qicheng. Laboratory experiment and oil displacement mechanism of insitu combustion[D]. Daqing,Heilongjiang:Northeast University of Petroleum,2011:1-15.
[3]王卓飞,霍进,吴平,等.克拉玛依油田九6区注蒸汽加烟道气数值模拟[J].新疆石油地质,2001,22(5):433-435.WANG Zhuofei,HUO Jin,WU Ping,et al. The numerical simulation for steam and flue gas injection in district Jiu-6,Karamay[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2001,22(5):433-435.
[4]杨胜来,李新民,郎兆新,等.稠油注CO2的方式及其驱油效果的室内实验[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(2):62-64.YANG Shenglai,LI Xinmin,LANG Zhaoxin,et al. CO2injection mode and oil displacement for heavy oil base on laboratory experiment[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,2001,25(2):62-64.
[5]孙而杰,彭旭,朱连忠,等.注CO2提高普通稠油油藏驱油效率物理模拟试验研究[J].实验室科学,2010,13(3):90-93.SUN Erjie,PENG Xu,ZHU Lianzhong,et al. Study on the physical simulation test of injecting CO2to improve the flooding efficiency of general heavy oil[J]. Laboratory Science,2010,13(3):90-93.
[6]王延杰,顾鸿君,程宏杰,等.注蒸汽开发后期稠油油藏火驱燃烧特征评价方法[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(10):125-128.WANG Yanjie,GU Hongjun,CHENG Hongjie,et al. The evaluation method of combustion characteristics of heavy oil reservoir in the late stage of steam injection[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,34(10):125-128.
[7]石晓渠.浅薄层稠油吞吐后转蒸汽驱技术研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(2):93-96.SHI Xiaoqu. Study on the transfer of steam drive by shallow heavy oil[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(2):93-96.
[8]雷昊,郭肖,贾英,等.稠油注蒸汽开车对储层伤害的机理研究[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(2):212-214.LEI Hao,GUO Xiao,JIA Ying,et al. Study of formation damage mechanism of heavy oil exploitation with steam injection[J]. West China Petroleum Geosciences,2006,2(2):212-214.
[9]向湘兴,陈静,侯军伟,等.克拉玛依油田稠油油藏氮气泡沫驱应用[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(1):76-80.XIANG Xiangxing,CHEN Jing,HOU Junwei,et al. Application of nitrogen foam flooding in heavy oil reservoirs in Karamay oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(1):76-80.
[10]苏玉亮,高海涛.稠油蒸汽驱热效率影响因素研究[J].断块油气田,2009,16(2):73-74.SU Yuliang,GAO Haitao. Influencing factors of thermal efficiency during heavy oil steam drive[J]. FaultBlock Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(2):73-74.
[11]张娟,周立发,张晓辉,等.浅薄层稠油油藏水平井CO2吞吐效果[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(4):485-491.ZHANG Juan,ZHOU Lifa,ZHANG Xiaohui,et al. Effects of CO2huff and puff in horizontal wells in shallowburial thin heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(4):485-491.
[12]杨杰. CO2辅助蒸汽驱驱油效率实验研究[J].当代石油化工,2017,46(5):827-830.YANG Jie. Study on oil displacement efficiency of CO2-assisted steam flooding[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry,2017,46(5):827-830.
[13]任立华,孙甲,孙艳,等.高酸值稠油的特性及加工对策[J].石化技术与应用,2014,32(5):417-420.REN Lihua,SUN Jia,SUN Yan,et al. Characteristics and processing counter measure of highacid heavy oil[J]. Petrochemical Technology&Application,2014,32(5):417-420.
[14]蒋小华,王玮,宫敬.稠油包水乳状液的表观黏度[J].化工学报,2008,59(3):721-727.JIANG Xiaohua,WANG Wei,GONG Jing. Apparent viscosity of water-in-heavy crude oil emulsion[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2008,59(3):721-727.
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