光周期对松毛虫赤眼蜂生长发育及繁殖的影响
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摘要
为探明松毛虫赤眼蜂生活史对光周期变化的响应,采用繁殖生物学和种群生态学的方法,在实验室条件下,系统地测定了松毛虫赤眼蜂在4个光周期[光照(L)∶黑暗(D)分别为3∶21, 9∶15, 15∶9, 21∶3]下的繁殖特性。试验结果表明:不同光周期处理下松毛虫赤眼蜂的雌蜂寿命、逐日产卵量、产卵历期、单蜂产卵量等指标均有显著性差异。当光照时长为15 h时,松毛虫赤眼蜂雌蜂寿命(47.52 h)、1日龄产卵量(118.94粒)、产卵历期(41.28 h)、单蜂产卵总量(128.52粒)均优于其他光照处理。通过组建不同光周期条件下试验种群生命表,当光照时长为15 h时,种群内禀增长率(r_m)、周限增长率(λ)、净生殖率(R_0)最大,平均世代周期(T)较短。综合来看,光周期L∶D为15∶9条件下,松毛虫赤眼蜂种群具有较强的繁殖能力,在松毛虫赤眼蜂工厂化生产过程中,该光照比例利于其种群扩繁。
To explore the response of photoperiods during the growth process of Trichogramma dendrolimi, under four photoperiod conditions(L∶D = 3∶21, 9∶15, 15∶9 and 21∶3), the characteristics of reproduction were systematically studied with the methods of reproductive biology and genecology. The results showed that longevity, daily number of parasitized eggs, oviposition period and fecundity of each female were significantly different among the four photoperiods. When illumination duration reached 15 h, longevity of female Trichogramma(47.52 h), daily number of parasitized eggs(118.94), oviposition period(41.28 h) and fecundity of each female(128.52 eggs) were better than those of other illumination treatments. By constructing experimental population life tables under different photoperiods, we found that when the photoperiod was 15 h, intrinsic rate of natural increase(r_m), finite rate of increase(λ) and net reproduction rate(R_0) were up to the maximum while average generation cycle(T) was shorter. To conclude, the photoperiod L∶D=15∶9 was most suitable for development and fecundity of T. dendrolimi. Therefore, in the process of factory production, this light ratio is beneficial to the population propagation of T. dendrolimi.
To explore the response of photoperiods during the growth process of Trichogramma dendrolimi, under four photoperiod conditions(L∶D = 3∶21, 9∶15, 15∶9 and 21∶3), the characteristics of reproduction were systematically studied with the methods of reproductive biology and genecology. The results showed that longevity, daily number of parasitized eggs, oviposition period and fecundity of each female were significantly different among the four photoperiods. When illumination duration reached 15 h, longevity of female Trichogramma(47.52 h), daily number of parasitized eggs(118.94), oviposition period(41.28 h) and fecundity of each female(128.52 eggs) were better than those of other illumination treatments. By constructing experimental population life tables under different photoperiods, we found that when the photoperiod was 15 h, intrinsic rate of natural increase(r_m), finite rate of increase(λ) and net reproduction rate(R_0) were up to the maximum while average generation cycle(T) was shorter. To conclude, the photoperiod L∶D=15∶9 was most suitable for development and fecundity of T. dendrolimi. Therefore, in the process of factory production, this light ratio is beneficial to the population propagation of T. dendrolimi.
引文
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[7] 胡晓暄,杜文梅,张俊杰,等.米蛾卵冷藏温度及时间对稻螟赤眼蜂质量的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报, 2017,39(3):287-291.
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[10] 赵洪霞,肖留斌,谭永安,等.不同光周期对绿盲蝽实验种群生命表参数的影响[J].棉花学报, 2011, 23(2): 140-146.
[11] 王苑馨,赵龙龙,谢静静,等.光周期对莲草直胸跳甲生长发育和繁殖的影响[J].植物保护学报, 2016, 43(4): 648-655.
[12] 施祖华,刘树生.温湿度对松毛虫赤眼蜂种群增长的影响[J].生态学报, 1993,13(4): 328-333.
[13] 张海燕,丛斌,田秋,等.温度对感染沃尔巴克氏体的松毛虫赤眼蜂种群参数的影响[J].昆虫学报, 2006, 49(3): 433-437.
[14] 李莹,董慧,丛斌,等.温度对松毛虫赤眼蜂不同地理种群寄生潜能及种群参数的影响[J].中国生物防治学报, 2013, 29(1): 11-16.
[15] 朱文雅,连梅力,李唐,等.温湿度对松毛虫赤眼蜂生长发育和生殖力的影响[J].中国植保导刊, 2016, 36(1): 16-19.
[16] 黄寿山,戴志一,吴达璋.赤眼蜂实验种群生命表的编制与应用[J].植物保护学报, 1996, 3(3): 209-212.
[17] 徐汝梅.昆虫种群生态学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社, 1985: 97-100.
[18] 戈峰.昆虫生态学原理与方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2008: 203-211.
[19] Maurice J Tauber, Catherine A Tauber. Photoperiodic induction and termination of diapause in an insect: response to changing day lengths[J]. Science, 1970: 167(3915): 170-171.
[20] Maria S Zerbino, Nora A Altier, Ant?nio R Panizzi. Effect of photoperiod and temperature on nymphal development and adult reproduction of Piezodorus guildinii (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)[J]. Florida Entomologist, 2013, 96(2): 572-582.
[21] 陈夜江,罗宏伟,黄建,等.光周期对烟粉虱实验种群的影响[J].生物安全学报, 2003, 12(1): 38-41.
[22] 马亚玲,刘长仲.光周期对两种色型豌豆蚜种群参数的影响[J].生态学报, 2016, 36(14): 4548-4555.
[23] OMKAR, Bhupendra Kumar. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on predation attributes and development of two Coccinella species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)[J]. Acta Entomological Sinica, 2016, 59(1): 64-76.
[24] Mark S Whittaker, William D J Kirk. The effect of photoperiod on walking, feeding, and oviposition in the western flower thrips[J]. Entomologia Experimentaliset Applicata, 2004, 111(3): 209-214.
[25] 涂小云,陈元生.毛健夜蛾昼夜节律行为[J].植物保护, 2013, 39(1):85-88.
[26] 纪燕玲,蔡选光,纪丹红.汕头毛健夜蛾生物学特性及防治措施[J].广东园林, 2011, 33(2): 34-36.
[27] 韩冰,卢洪斌,葛迎春,等.松毛虫赤眼蜂的人工繁育技术[J].防护林科技, 2014(1): 116-117.
[28] 吴广范.松毛虫赤眼蜂生物学观察[J].农业与技术, 2014,34(2): 104.
[2] Jeannine Pizzol, Nicolas Desneux, Eric Wajnberg, et al. Parasitoid and host egg ages have independent impact on various biological traits in a Trichogramma species[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2012, 85(4): 489-496.
[3] Zhang Junjie, Ren Bingzhong, Yuan Xiaohua, et al. Effects of host-egg ages on host selection and suitability of four Chinese Trichogramma species, egg parasitoids of the rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis[J]. Bio Control, 2014, 59(2):159-166.
[4] 张俊杰,阮长春,臧连生,等.我国赤眼蜂工厂化繁育技术改进及防治农业害虫应用现状[J].中国生物防治学报, 2015, 31(5): 638-646.
[5] 王生,阮长春,张俊杰,等.松毛虫赤眼蜂滞育及解除滞育阶段主要物质含量变化[J].吉林农业大学学报, 2011,33(4):367-370,375.
[6] 刘志诚,孙姒纫.赤眼蜂的优质培育和田间取得稳定效果的方法[J].江西植保, 1984 (3): 4-6.
[7] 胡晓暄,杜文梅,张俊杰,等.米蛾卵冷藏温度及时间对稻螟赤眼蜂质量的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报, 2017,39(3):287-291.
[8] Ida Kollberg, Helena Bylund, Axel Schmidt, et al. Multiple effects of temperature, photoperiod and food quality on the performance of a pine sawfly[J]. Ecological Entomology, 2013, 38(2): 201-208.
[9] 王超,陈芳,陆永跃.不同光周期条件下棉花粉蚧的生长发育和种群增长能力[J].昆虫学报, 2014, 57(4): 428-434.
[10] 赵洪霞,肖留斌,谭永安,等.不同光周期对绿盲蝽实验种群生命表参数的影响[J].棉花学报, 2011, 23(2): 140-146.
[11] 王苑馨,赵龙龙,谢静静,等.光周期对莲草直胸跳甲生长发育和繁殖的影响[J].植物保护学报, 2016, 43(4): 648-655.
[12] 施祖华,刘树生.温湿度对松毛虫赤眼蜂种群增长的影响[J].生态学报, 1993,13(4): 328-333.
[13] 张海燕,丛斌,田秋,等.温度对感染沃尔巴克氏体的松毛虫赤眼蜂种群参数的影响[J].昆虫学报, 2006, 49(3): 433-437.
[14] 李莹,董慧,丛斌,等.温度对松毛虫赤眼蜂不同地理种群寄生潜能及种群参数的影响[J].中国生物防治学报, 2013, 29(1): 11-16.
[15] 朱文雅,连梅力,李唐,等.温湿度对松毛虫赤眼蜂生长发育和生殖力的影响[J].中国植保导刊, 2016, 36(1): 16-19.
[16] 黄寿山,戴志一,吴达璋.赤眼蜂实验种群生命表的编制与应用[J].植物保护学报, 1996, 3(3): 209-212.
[17] 徐汝梅.昆虫种群生态学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社, 1985: 97-100.
[18] 戈峰.昆虫生态学原理与方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2008: 203-211.
[19] Maurice J Tauber, Catherine A Tauber. Photoperiodic induction and termination of diapause in an insect: response to changing day lengths[J]. Science, 1970: 167(3915): 170-171.
[20] Maria S Zerbino, Nora A Altier, Ant?nio R Panizzi. Effect of photoperiod and temperature on nymphal development and adult reproduction of Piezodorus guildinii (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)[J]. Florida Entomologist, 2013, 96(2): 572-582.
[21] 陈夜江,罗宏伟,黄建,等.光周期对烟粉虱实验种群的影响[J].生物安全学报, 2003, 12(1): 38-41.
[22] 马亚玲,刘长仲.光周期对两种色型豌豆蚜种群参数的影响[J].生态学报, 2016, 36(14): 4548-4555.
[23] OMKAR, Bhupendra Kumar. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on predation attributes and development of two Coccinella species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)[J]. Acta Entomological Sinica, 2016, 59(1): 64-76.
[24] Mark S Whittaker, William D J Kirk. The effect of photoperiod on walking, feeding, and oviposition in the western flower thrips[J]. Entomologia Experimentaliset Applicata, 2004, 111(3): 209-214.
[25] 涂小云,陈元生.毛健夜蛾昼夜节律行为[J].植物保护, 2013, 39(1):85-88.
[26] 纪燕玲,蔡选光,纪丹红.汕头毛健夜蛾生物学特性及防治措施[J].广东园林, 2011, 33(2): 34-36.
[27] 韩冰,卢洪斌,葛迎春,等.松毛虫赤眼蜂的人工繁育技术[J].防护林科技, 2014(1): 116-117.
[28] 吴广范.松毛虫赤眼蜂生物学观察[J].农业与技术, 2014,34(2): 104.