不同季节收获的星星草对绵羊采食量和养分消化率的影响
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摘要
旨在研究不同季节收获的星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora)对绵羊采食量及养分消化率的影响。选用平均体重为30.37±2.15kg的乌珠穆沁公羊12只,随机分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,分别饲喂四季收获的星星草。试验绵羊采取单笼饲养,预饲期15d,正式试验期7d,自由采食和饮水,采用全收粪法进行消化代谢试验。结果表明:绵羊四季采食星星草干物质含量分别为412.42、639.23、741.49和321.30g/d,秋季显著高于春季和冬季的干物质采食量(P<0.05);秋季星星草有机物消化率显著低于其他季节(P<0.05);不同季节的星星草对绵羊的碳、氮采食量均有显著影响(P<0.05),饲喂不同季节星星草的绵羊均处于氮的负平衡状态,分别为-1.12、-0.78、-0.13和-3.16。总之,星星草低的含氮量和采食量是限制星星草饲喂价值的重要因素。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Puccinellia tenuiflora harvested in different seasons on the feed intake and nutrient digestibility of sheep. A total of 12 growing lambs with average body weight of 30.37±2.15 kg were randomly divided into 4 group(3 replicates per group) fed with Puccinellia tenuiflora hay harvested individually in four seasons. All sheep were kept in individual cages and given ad libitum access to water and feed for a pre-treatment for 15 d and a treatment for 7 d. Total fecal collection method was applied in the present study. The results showed that the daily dry matter intake of Puccinellia tenuiflora in different seasons were 412.42, 639.23, 741.49 and 321.30 g/d, respectively. The dry matter intake in autumn was significantly higher than that of spring and winter(P<0.05). Compared with spring, summer and winter, Puccinellia tenuiflora harvested in autumn significantly reduced organic matter digestibility of sheep(P<0.05). Puccinellia tenuiflora harvested in different seasons had significant effects on carbon and nitrogen intakes of sheep(P<0.05). The nitrogen balance is negative in four seasons, which was-1.12,-0.78,-0.13 and-3.16, respectively. In conclusion, the low nitrogen content and feed intake of puccinellia tenuifolia are important factors limiting the feeding value of Puccinellia tenuiflora.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Puccinellia tenuiflora harvested in different seasons on the feed intake and nutrient digestibility of sheep. A total of 12 growing lambs with average body weight of 30.37±2.15 kg were randomly divided into 4 group(3 replicates per group) fed with Puccinellia tenuiflora hay harvested individually in four seasons. All sheep were kept in individual cages and given ad libitum access to water and feed for a pre-treatment for 15 d and a treatment for 7 d. Total fecal collection method was applied in the present study. The results showed that the daily dry matter intake of Puccinellia tenuiflora in different seasons were 412.42, 639.23, 741.49 and 321.30 g/d, respectively. The dry matter intake in autumn was significantly higher than that of spring and winter(P<0.05). Compared with spring, summer and winter, Puccinellia tenuiflora harvested in autumn significantly reduced organic matter digestibility of sheep(P<0.05). Puccinellia tenuiflora harvested in different seasons had significant effects on carbon and nitrogen intakes of sheep(P<0.05). The nitrogen balance is negative in four seasons, which was-1.12,-0.78,-0.13 and-3.16, respectively. In conclusion, the low nitrogen content and feed intake of puccinellia tenuifolia are important factors limiting the feeding value of Puccinellia tenuiflora.
引文
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[3] 刘太宇,郑立,李梦云,等.紫羊茅不同生长阶段营养成分及其瘤胃降解动态研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(9):33-37.Liu Taiyu,Zheng Li,Li Mengyun,et al.Nutrients and sheep rumen degradation dynamics of red fescue at different growth stages[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2013,41(9):33-37.
[4] 赵康,宝音陶格涛.季节性放牧利用对典型草原群落生产力的影响[J].中国草地学报,2014,36(1):109-115.Zhao Kang,Baoyin Taogetao.Effect of seasonal grazing use on productivity of grassland community[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2014,36(1):109-115.
[5] 马梅,张圣微,魏宝成.锡林郭勒草原近30年草地退化的变化特征及其驱动因素分析[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(4):86-93.Ma Mei,Zhang Shengwei,Wei Baocheng.Temporal and spatial pattern of grassland degradation and its determinants for Chirecent 30 years in Xilingol[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(4):86-93.
[6] 祝廷成.羊草生物生态学[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,2004Zhu Tingcheng.Leymus chinensis biological ecology[M].Changchun:JilinScience and Technology Press,2004.
[7] 周道玮,李强,宋彦涛,等.松嫩平原羊草草地盐碱化过程[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(06):1423-1430.Zhou Daowei,Li Qiang,Song Yantao et al.Salinization-alkalization of Leymus chinenis grassland in Songnen plain of northeast China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(06):1423-1430.
[8] 徐恒刚,张萍,李临杭.星星草、朝鲜碱茅在河套地区各旗县的区域试验[J].四川草原,1999(4):22-27.Xu Henggang,Zhang Ping,Li Linhang.Regional experiment of Puccinellia tenuiflora and Puccinellia chinampoensis in each countys of Hetao area[J].Sichuan grassland,1999(4):22-27.
[9] 孙国荣,彭永臻,岳中辉,等.星星草的生长对盐碱土壤氮素营养的影响[J].草业学报,2008(1):1-7.Sun Guorong,Peng Yongzhen,Yue Zhonghui,et al.Effect of Puccinellia tenuiflora growth on nitrogen nutrition in alkalized soil[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2008(1):1-7.
[10] Liu S,Kang Y,Wan S,et al.Germination and growth of Puccinellia tenuiflora,in saline-sodic soil under drip irrigation[J].Agricultural Water Management,2012,109(109):127-134.
[11] 任丽,王瑶,李欣.抗盐碱植物星星草的研究进展[J].林业科技情报,2008,40(4):5-6.Ren Li,Wang Yao,Li Xin.Research progress of anti-saline plant Puccinellia tenuiflora[J].Forestry Science and Technology Information,2008,40(4):5-6.
[12] 梁也男,王玉成,刘桂丰,等.cDNA微阵列技术研究干旱胁迫下星星草基因的表达[J].植物生理学通讯,2007(5):831-836.Liang Yenan,Wang Yucheng,Liu Guifeng,et al.Gene expression in Puccinellia tenuiflora (turcz.) scribn.et merr.under drought stress using cDNA microarray[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2007(5):831-836.
[13] 丁海荣,洪立州,王茂文,等.星星草耐盐生理机制及改良盐碱土壤研究进展[J].安徽农学通报,2007(16):58-59.Ding Hairong,Hong Lizhou,Wang Maowen,et al.Advances in studies on physiological mechanism of salt tolerance of Puccinellia tenuifolia and improvement of saline-alkali soil[J].Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin,2007(16):58-59.
[14] 杨春武,贾娜尔·阿汗,石德成,等.复杂盐碱条件对星星草种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报,2006(5):45-51.Yang Chunwu,Jianaer Ahan,Shi Decheng,et al.Effects of complex salt and alkali conditions on the germination of seeds of Puccinellia tenuiflora[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2006(5):45-51.
[15] 汪新川,周华坤,雷占兰.青海牧区8种矮禾草生产经济性状品比试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(3):101-103,107.Wang Xinchuan,Zhou Huakun,Lei Zhanlan.Variety comparative test for the productive economic traits of eight kind of short grasses in Qinghai pastoral area[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2015(3):101-103,107.
[16] 张春和,李建东.星星草群落地上生产结构、现存量季节动态和净初级生产力的研究[J].草业学报,1995(1):36-43.Zhang Chunhe,Li Jiandong.Seasonal dynamics of productive structure,standing crops and net primary productivity of Puccinellia community[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,1995(1):36-43.
[17] 张春艳,张春雨,陈玉交,等.松嫩平原星星草果后营养期无性系结构及其生长分析[J].草业科学,2012,29(6):978-982.Zhang Chunyan,Zhang Chunyu,Chen Yujiao,et al.Structures and growth analysis of Puccinellia tenuiflora clone at the vegetative stage after in the songnen plains of china[J].Pratacultural Science,2012,29(6):978-982.
[18] 喻娟娟.星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora)叶片盐胁迫应答蛋白质组学研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2011.Yu Juanjuan.Salinity tolerance mechanism in Puccinellia tenuiflora leaves revealed by proteomic analysis[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2011.
[19] 刘春龙,李忠秋,王卓龙,等.全收粪法与尼龙袋法测定不同水平丝兰皂甙日粮养分降解率的相关性研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2006(2):88-91,95.Liu Chunlong,Li Zhongqiu,Wang Zhuolong,et al.Study on correlation between apparent digestibility and rumen disappearance of nutrients at different level of sarsa -saponine rations by total feces collection method and nylon bag technique[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2006(2):88-91,95.
[20] AOAC.Official methods of analysis.15th ed.[M].Washington,DC:Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1990.
[21] 张永顺,王玉成.钒-钼酸铵比色法测定食品中总磷[J].理化检验(化学分册),1999(6):277-278.Zhang Yongshun,Wang Yucheng.Determination of total phosphorus in food by vanadium ammonium molybdate colorimetry[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Partb Chemical Analgsis,1999(6):277-278.
[22] Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[23] 张威,刘宁,吕慧捷,等.TruSpec CN元素分析仪测定土壤中碳氮方法研究[J].分析仪器,2009(3):46-49.Zhang Wei,Liu Ning,Lǜ Huijie,et al.Method for determination of carbon and nitrogen in soil by TruSpec CN elemental analyzer method for determination of carbon and nitrogen in soil by TruSpec CN elemental analyzer[J].Analytical instrumentation,2009(3):46-49.
[24] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.Zhang Liying.Feed analysis and quality test technology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press,2007.
[25] ARC.The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock[M].Farnham Royal,UK:Commonwealth Agricultur Al Bureaux,1984.
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