土工织物淤堵试验装置及方法改进研究
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摘要
土工织物在反滤应用过程中普遍存在机械淤堵问题,分析了现有规范中淤堵试验仪的缺陷和试验方法的局限性,对试验仪器及试验方法的改进进行了探讨,并通过淤堵试验,分析了改进仪器的合理性。试验结果表明:基于现有规范中的试验装置及方法得到的梯度比GR值不能直观地反映土工织物自身淤堵的情况,改进后的试验装置能够单独测量土工织物薄层以及土体的渗透系数,通过比较两者渗透系数的变化及其相对大小,即可判断土工织物渗透能力是否会对土体的透水造成影响,从而能更准确地反映土工织物的淤堵情况。
The clogging of geotextiles as a filtration is a common problem in engineering practice. In this paper the shortcomings and limits of conventional gradient ratio test device and method in current specifications for geotextile clogging are discussed. Moreover, improvements on test device and test method are presented, and the rationality of such improvements is analyzed. A group of tests show that the value of gradient ratio based on the existing text devices cannot directly reflect the clogging of geotextiles themselves, while the improved device can provide convenient independent measurements of soil's permeability coefficient and geotextile's permeability coefficient. By this way the actual clogging state of geotextile can be monitored clearly.
The clogging of geotextiles as a filtration is a common problem in engineering practice. In this paper the shortcomings and limits of conventional gradient ratio test device and method in current specifications for geotextile clogging are discussed. Moreover, improvements on test device and test method are presented, and the rationality of such improvements is analyzed. A group of tests show that the value of gradient ratio based on the existing text devices cannot directly reflect the clogging of geotextiles themselves, while the improved device can provide convenient independent measurements of soil's permeability coefficient and geotextile's permeability coefficient. By this way the actual clogging state of geotextile can be monitored clearly.
引文
[1] KOERNER R M,WELSH J P. Designing with Geotextiles[M]. Edition 5. New Jersey, USA: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005:128-129.
[2] CALHOUN C C. Development of Design Criteria and Acceptance Specification for Plastic Filter Cloths[R]. Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA: Water-ways Experiment Station of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1972.
[3] KOERNER R M,KO F K. Laboratory Studies on Long-term Drainage Capability of Geotextiles[C]//Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Geotextiles. Las Vegas, August 1-6, 1982: 91-96.
[4] HEERTEN R G. Geotextiles in Coastal Engineering[J]. Matériaux Et Construction, 1981, 14(4): 273-281.
[5] LAWSON C R. Filter Criteria for Geotextiles: Relevance and Use[J]. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division ASCE, 1982, 108(10): 1300-1317.
[6] 段祥宝,毛昶熙,吴文君.江边电排站渠底滤层淤堵破坏及加固研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):123-126.
[7] 吴昌瑜,张伟,孙厚才.减压井淤堵机理研究现状[J].长江科学院院报,2005,22(2):60-62.
[8] 佘巍,陈轮,王钊.土工织物梯度比试验研究的新进展[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(2):58-60, 64.
[9] 张伟,张家发,孙厚才.减压井化学淤堵试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2009,26(10):13-16.
[10] 定培中,张伟,张家发.南水北调工程穿黄隧洞衬砌垫层淤堵试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2009,29(6):54-57.
[11] 张家发,吴庆华,朱国胜.海绵城市入渗设施淤堵研究进展及长期性能改进方案探讨[J].长江科学院院报,2016,33(12):78-85.
[12] 王钊,陆士强.土工织物滤层淤堵标准的探讨[J].水力发电学报,1991,(3):55-63.
[13] FANNIN R J, VAID Y P, PALMEIRA E M, et al. A Modified Gradient Ratio Test Device[J]. ASTM Special Technical Publication, 1996, (1281):13,doi: 10.1520/STP15596S.
[14] PALMEIRA E M, BEIRIGO E A, GARDONI M G. Tailings-nonwoven Geotextile Filter Compatibility in Mining Applications[J]. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2010, 28(2):136-148.
[15] GB/T 50290—2014,土工合成材料应用技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.
[2] CALHOUN C C. Development of Design Criteria and Acceptance Specification for Plastic Filter Cloths[R]. Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA: Water-ways Experiment Station of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1972.
[3] KOERNER R M,KO F K. Laboratory Studies on Long-term Drainage Capability of Geotextiles[C]//Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Geotextiles. Las Vegas, August 1-6, 1982: 91-96.
[4] HEERTEN R G. Geotextiles in Coastal Engineering[J]. Matériaux Et Construction, 1981, 14(4): 273-281.
[5] LAWSON C R. Filter Criteria for Geotextiles: Relevance and Use[J]. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division ASCE, 1982, 108(10): 1300-1317.
[6] 段祥宝,毛昶熙,吴文君.江边电排站渠底滤层淤堵破坏及加固研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):123-126.
[7] 吴昌瑜,张伟,孙厚才.减压井淤堵机理研究现状[J].长江科学院院报,2005,22(2):60-62.
[8] 佘巍,陈轮,王钊.土工织物梯度比试验研究的新进展[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(2):58-60, 64.
[9] 张伟,张家发,孙厚才.减压井化学淤堵试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2009,26(10):13-16.
[10] 定培中,张伟,张家发.南水北调工程穿黄隧洞衬砌垫层淤堵试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2009,29(6):54-57.
[11] 张家发,吴庆华,朱国胜.海绵城市入渗设施淤堵研究进展及长期性能改进方案探讨[J].长江科学院院报,2016,33(12):78-85.
[12] 王钊,陆士强.土工织物滤层淤堵标准的探讨[J].水力发电学报,1991,(3):55-63.
[13] FANNIN R J, VAID Y P, PALMEIRA E M, et al. A Modified Gradient Ratio Test Device[J]. ASTM Special Technical Publication, 1996, (1281):13,doi: 10.1520/STP15596S.
[14] PALMEIRA E M, BEIRIGO E A, GARDONI M G. Tailings-nonwoven Geotextile Filter Compatibility in Mining Applications[J]. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2010, 28(2):136-148.
[15] GB/T 50290—2014,土工合成材料应用技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.
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