热裂解-气质联用技术分析资寿寺彩塑贴金
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摘要
采用热裂解-气质联用技术对资寿寺彩塑贴金样品进行分析,通过和标准动物胶、干性油老化膜的特征峰对比,确定彩塑贴金样品中含有动物胶和干性油,由软脂酸和硬脂酸含量比确定该干性油为桐油.结合剖面显微分析确定彩塑贴金工艺过程中使用动物胶粘合剂粘贴金箔,贴金完成后又在金箔表面涂刷一层桐油以起到保护金箔的作用.这一研究为传统贴金工艺的科学解释提供了较有价值的参考.
The samples of Zishou temple's painted sculpture pasted gold were identified by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(Py-GC/MS).By comparing with the characteristic peaks in the standard animal glue and siccative oil aging film,it was identified that animal glue and siccative oil were presented in the real samples.The type of siccative oil is proved to be tung oil by the content ratios of palmitic acid and stearic acid.Combined with the analysis result of section microanalysis,it is determined that animal glue is used as the binder for gold foil in the real samples.After the gilding is completed,a layer of tung oil is applied on the surface of gold foil to play a protective role.This work provides a very important reference for the scientific interpretation of traditional gilding techniques in ancient sculpture and paint.
The samples of Zishou temple's painted sculpture pasted gold were identified by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(Py-GC/MS).By comparing with the characteristic peaks in the standard animal glue and siccative oil aging film,it was identified that animal glue and siccative oil were presented in the real samples.The type of siccative oil is proved to be tung oil by the content ratios of palmitic acid and stearic acid.Combined with the analysis result of section microanalysis,it is determined that animal glue is used as the binder for gold foil in the real samples.After the gilding is completed,a layer of tung oil is applied on the surface of gold foil to play a protective role.This work provides a very important reference for the scientific interpretation of traditional gilding techniques in ancient sculpture and paint.
引文
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[17] 左丽阳.山西传统贴金工艺探究——基于贴金工匠口述的研究[D].太原:山西大学,2014.
[18] 闵晓镜.简述漆器贴金工艺[J].科技资讯,2016(3):83.
[2] MILLS J S,WHITE R W.The Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects[M].London:UK Butterworths,1996:28.
[3] SHEDRINSKY A M,WAMPLER T P,INDICTOR N,et al.Application of analytical pyrolysis to problems in art and archaeology:a review[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,1989,15:393.
[4] SIBILLA O,FEDERICA P,ILARIA B.Analytical pyrolysis of proteins in samples from artistic and archaeological objects[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2017,124:643.
[5] 胡东波,薛铁宁,王金华,等.重庆大足宝顶山千手观音的贴金材料分析研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2008(3):44.
[6] 荣波,于群力,纪娟.山西长子崇庆寺宋代泥塑彩绘颜料种类及贴金工艺分析[J].文博,2012(3):74.
[7] WANG Na,HE Ling,ZHAO Xiang,et al.Comparative analysis of eastern and western drying-oil binding media used in poly chromic artworks by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry under the influence of pigments[J].Microchemical Journal,2015,123:201.
[8] GIUSEPPE C.The potential of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the recognition of ancient painting media[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,1993,24:227.
[9] 肖博,魏书亚,宋燕.应用热辅助甲基化-热裂解气相色谱技术(THM-Py-GC/MS)对壁画中蛋白质类胶结材料的分析鉴定[J].中国文物科学研究,2018(1):70.
[10] PICCIRILLO A,SCALARONE D,CHIANTORE O.Comparison between off-line and on-line derivatisation methods in the characterization of siccative oils in paint media[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2005,74:33.
[11] 和玲,聂麦茜,GIUSEPPE C.热裂解气相色谱质谱应用于古代壁画中油类黏合剂的分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2006,40(10):1134.
[12] CAPPITELLI F,LEARNER T,CHINANTORE O.An initial assessment of thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the identification of oils from dried paint films[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2002,63:339.
[13] CHIAVARI G,FABBRI D.In-situ pyrolysis and silylation for analysis of liquid materials used in paint layers[J].Chromatographia,2001,53:311.
[14] WEI S Y,PINTUS V,PTTHARD V,et al.Analytical characterization of lacquer objects excavated from a Chu tomb in China[J].Journal of Archaeological Science,2011,38:2667.
[15] IGO S,HONDA T,LU R,et al.Application of derivation pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to analysis of archaeological lacquer wares[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2015,114:302.
[16] LU R,MA X M,KAMIYA Y,et al.Identification of Ryukyu lacquerware by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2007,80:101.
[17] 左丽阳.山西传统贴金工艺探究——基于贴金工匠口述的研究[D].太原:山西大学,2014.
[18] 闵晓镜.简述漆器贴金工艺[J].科技资讯,2016(3):83.