辽宁省城市旅游经济联系空间结构及演化分析
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摘要
基于社会网络视角以辽宁省14个地级市为研究对象,采用引力模型、社会网络分析等方法,结合GIS和Ucinet等分析工具,探究了辽宁省地级市间旅游经济联系空间结构及其演化特征.结果表明:1)2000～2015年辽宁省各市旅游经济联系量和城市间旅游经济联系强度逐渐提升,呈现出"东强西弱"的态势;2)各市旅游经济存在不均衡的空间结构,但网络密度增长明显;网络中心度也有一定的提升,沈阳市各项指标均明显优于其余城市;旅游经济核心区数量变化不大,但区内联系逐渐增强,边缘区区内联系不强,与核心区的联系也较弱;3)为了使城市间旅游均衡发展,需要强化核心区城市对边缘区城市的"渗漏效应",不断强化边缘城市间的交通网络建设,优化整体网络空间结构以增强辽宁省旅游竞争力.
From the perspective of social network,the study analyzes the spatial structure and its evolution of the tourism economy in Liaoning Province,taking the 14 cities of Liaoning Province as the research object,and adopting the Gravity Model and the social network analysis method through GIS and Ucinet software.The results show that:1) There is a gradual improvement of the overall tourism economy in Liaoning Province.Nevertheless,it is clear that the eastern cities are stronger and the western cities are weaker.2) The urban tourism economy of Liaoning Province shows unbalanced spatial structure,but the network density clearly increases.Network centrality also improves to a certain extent,and Shenyang occupies the highest value.The number of cities that constitutes the central area of the tourism economy does not change,however,the interconnections of them increase gradually.Furthermore,the interconnections of cities within peripheral area,as well as cities between central and peripheral areas,are weak.3) In order to promote a balanced development of the urban tourism economy,it is necessary to strengthen the "permeability effect" of the central cities on the peripheral cities,and also the traffic network construction among the peripheral cities,in order to optimize the overall network structure and enhance the tourism competitiveness of Liaoning Province.
From the perspective of social network,the study analyzes the spatial structure and its evolution of the tourism economy in Liaoning Province,taking the 14 cities of Liaoning Province as the research object,and adopting the Gravity Model and the social network analysis method through GIS and Ucinet software.The results show that:1) There is a gradual improvement of the overall tourism economy in Liaoning Province.Nevertheless,it is clear that the eastern cities are stronger and the western cities are weaker.2) The urban tourism economy of Liaoning Province shows unbalanced spatial structure,but the network density clearly increases.Network centrality also improves to a certain extent,and Shenyang occupies the highest value.The number of cities that constitutes the central area of the tourism economy does not change,however,the interconnections of them increase gradually.Furthermore,the interconnections of cities within peripheral area,as well as cities between central and peripheral areas,are weak.3) In order to promote a balanced development of the urban tourism economy,it is necessary to strengthen the "permeability effect" of the central cities on the peripheral cities,and also the traffic network construction among the peripheral cities,in order to optimize the overall network structure and enhance the tourism competitiveness of Liaoning Province.
引文
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[15] 汪德根,牛玉,陈田,等.高铁驱动下大尺度区域都市圈旅游空间结构优化——以京沪高铁为例[J].资源科学,2015,37(3):581-592.
[16] 曹宁.基于区位熵方法的旅游集群产业集聚度评价:以沈阳市为例[J].辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,41(9):84-88.
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[18] 沈惊宏,余兆旺,沈宏婷.区域旅游空间结构演化模式研究——以安徽省为例[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):180-186.
[19] 刘大均,谢双玉,陈君子,等.基于分形理论的区域旅游景区系统空间结构演化模式研究——以武汉市为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(4):155-160.
[20] 张琳,薛冰,鹿晨昱,等.基于AHP与GIS的城市可持续性测度与空间比较研究——以东北地区35市(州)为例[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):86-91.
[21] 鹿晨昱,胡慧玲,薛冰,等.甘肃省区域旅游效率评价与空间差异[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(1):72-78.
[22] 李山,王铮,钟章奇.旅游空间相互作用的引力模型及其应用[J].地理学报,2012,64(4):526-544.
[23] 孙露,薛冰,耿涌,等.基于投入产出表的区域产业社会网络分析——以华东七省(市)为例[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,2015(1):224-233.
[24] 薛冰,肖骁,姜璐,等.东北老工业基地振兴政策与规划实践的可视化比较[J].辽宁大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(1):71-80+2.
[25] 钱春蕾,叶菁,陆潮.基于改进城市引力模型的武汉城市圈引力格局划分研究[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(2):237-245.
[26] 刘军.整体网分析讲义:UCINET软件实用指南[M].上海:格致出版社上海人民出版社,2009.
[27] 薛冰,张琳,任婉侠,等.新型工业化发展水平测度体系构建及实证研究——以沈阳经济区为例[J].辽宁大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(4):364-372.
[2] 曹方东,黄震方,吴丽敏,等.基于时间距离视域下城市旅游经济联系测度与空间整合——以长江三角洲地区为例[J].经济地理,2012,32(12):157-162.
[3] 王洪桥,袁家冬,孟祥君.东北三省旅游经济差异的时空特征分析[J].地理科学,2014,34(2):163-169.
[4] 刘佳,赵金金,张广海.中国旅游产业集聚与旅游经济增长关系的空间计量分析[J].经济地理,2013,33(4):186-192.
[5] Dredge,Dianne.Destination place planning and design[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26(4):772-791.
[6] Anne Zahra,Chris Ryan.From chaos to cohesion-Complexity in tourism structures:An analysis of New Zealand’s regional tourism organizations[J].Tourism Management,2007,28(3):854-862.
[7] Pearce Douglas.Tourist Development.A Geographic Analysis[M].Longman Press,1995:1-25.
[8] Douglas G Pearce.Tourist districts in Paris:Structure and functions[J].Tourism Management,1998,19(1):49-64.
[9] Sophie Masson,Romain Petiot.Can the high-speed rail reinforce tourism attractiveness?The case of the high-speed rail between Perpignan(France) and Barcelona(Spain)[J].Tecnovation,2009,29(9):611-617.
[10] Sibel Ecemis Kilic,Muhammed Aydogan.Spatial Reflections of Population Movements in Gokceada and Sustainable Tourism[J].European Planning Studies,2014,22(11):2213-2230.
[11] Paul E,Lovingood Jr,Lisle E.Mitchell.A regional analysis of South Carolina tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1989,16(3):301-317.
[12] Marilena Papageorgiou.Coastal and marine tourism:A challenging factor in Marine Spatial Planning[J].Ocean and Coastal Management,2016(129):44-48.
[13] 朱付彪,陆林,於冉,等.都市圈旅游空间结构演变研究——以长三角都市圈为例[J].地理科学,2012,32(5):570-576.
[14] 于洪雁,李秋雨,梅林,等.社会网络视角下黑龙江省城市旅游经济联系的空间结构和空间发展模式研究[J].地理科学,2015,35(11):1429-1436.
[15] 汪德根,牛玉,陈田,等.高铁驱动下大尺度区域都市圈旅游空间结构优化——以京沪高铁为例[J].资源科学,2015,37(3):581-592.
[16] 曹宁.基于区位熵方法的旅游集群产业集聚度评价:以沈阳市为例[J].辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,41(9):84-88.
[17] 张洪,夏明.安徽省旅游空间结构研究——基于旅游中心度与旅游经济联系的视角[J].经济地理,2011,31(12):2116-2121.
[18] 沈惊宏,余兆旺,沈宏婷.区域旅游空间结构演化模式研究——以安徽省为例[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):180-186.
[19] 刘大均,谢双玉,陈君子,等.基于分形理论的区域旅游景区系统空间结构演化模式研究——以武汉市为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(4):155-160.
[20] 张琳,薛冰,鹿晨昱,等.基于AHP与GIS的城市可持续性测度与空间比较研究——以东北地区35市(州)为例[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):86-91.
[21] 鹿晨昱,胡慧玲,薛冰,等.甘肃省区域旅游效率评价与空间差异[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(1):72-78.
[22] 李山,王铮,钟章奇.旅游空间相互作用的引力模型及其应用[J].地理学报,2012,64(4):526-544.
[23] 孙露,薛冰,耿涌,等.基于投入产出表的区域产业社会网络分析——以华东七省(市)为例[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,2015(1):224-233.
[24] 薛冰,肖骁,姜璐,等.东北老工业基地振兴政策与规划实践的可视化比较[J].辽宁大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(1):71-80+2.
[25] 钱春蕾,叶菁,陆潮.基于改进城市引力模型的武汉城市圈引力格局划分研究[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(2):237-245.
[26] 刘军.整体网分析讲义:UCINET软件实用指南[M].上海:格致出版社上海人民出版社,2009.
[27] 薛冰,张琳,任婉侠,等.新型工业化发展水平测度体系构建及实证研究——以沈阳经济区为例[J].辽宁大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(4):364-372.