固相研磨法制备AgI/Ag_3PO_4复合光催化剂及其光催化性能
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摘要
采用固相研磨法,以Ag_3PO_4和KI为原料在研钵中研磨,机械化学效应作用下发生固相反应,在Ag_3PO_4表面包覆生成了AgI纳米粒子。改变研磨时间和反应物中KI的摩尔分数能够调控AgI/Ag_3PO_4复合光催化剂的组成和形貌。AgI/Ag_3PO_4复合光催化剂显示较强的可见光吸收性质,其光催化活性显著高于Ag_3PO_4或AgI。反应物中KI摩尔分数为10%,研磨时间为10min时制备得到的样品显示出最高的光催化活性,可见光照射1h,罗丹明B降解率达到99%,并具有较好的稳定性和循环利用效果。AgI壳层可以避免磷酸银的光腐蚀,提高了磷酸银在水中的结构稳定性。AgI的导带和价带位置比Ag_3PO_4更负,因此AgI的光生电子容易迁移到Ag_3PO_4表面,同时Ag_3PO_4产生的光生空穴可以迁移到AgI的价带上,降低了光生电子和空穴的复合,提高了光催化效率。
The composite photocatalysts Ag_3PO_4 coated with AgI were prepared via solid state grinding method. Through being grinded in a mortar, Ag_3PO_4 reacted with KI under the mechanochemical effect.The AgI nanoparticles, which were obtained by the solid-state reaction, was coated on the surface of the Ag_3PO_4 particles. The compositions and morphologies of the AgI/Ag_3PO_4 composite photocatalysts couldbe controlled by adjusting the KI content and the grinding time. The AgI/Ag_3PO_4 composite photocatalysts exhibited strong absorption to the visible light, and much higher photocatalytic activity than that of single Ag_3PO_4 or AgI. As a result, the as-prepared photocatalysts exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity,when the KI content of 10% and the grinding time of 10 minute was adopted. The degradation efficiency ofRhodamine B could reach 99% under visible light irradiation for 1h. The AgI/Ag_3PO_4 compositephotocatalysts had excellent stability and recyclability. The AgI shells avoided the photocorrosion andimproved the structural stability of Ag_3PO_4 in water. The valence band and conduction band potentials of AgI were both more negative than that of Ag_3PO_4. Therefore, the photoinduced electrons of AgI could be transferred to the surface ofand the photogenerated holes ofmigrate to the valence band of AgI.So,the probability of the electron-hole recombination was decreased,and the photocatalytic activity was enhanced.
The composite photocatalysts Ag_3PO_4 coated with AgI were prepared via solid state grinding method. Through being grinded in a mortar, Ag_3PO_4 reacted with KI under the mechanochemical effect.The AgI nanoparticles, which were obtained by the solid-state reaction, was coated on the surface of the Ag_3PO_4 particles. The compositions and morphologies of the AgI/Ag_3PO_4 composite photocatalysts couldbe controlled by adjusting the KI content and the grinding time. The AgI/Ag_3PO_4 composite photocatalysts exhibited strong absorption to the visible light, and much higher photocatalytic activity than that of single Ag_3PO_4 or AgI. As a result, the as-prepared photocatalysts exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity,when the KI content of 10% and the grinding time of 10 minute was adopted. The degradation efficiency ofRhodamine B could reach 99% under visible light irradiation for 1h. The AgI/Ag_3PO_4 compositephotocatalysts had excellent stability and recyclability. The AgI shells avoided the photocorrosion andimproved the structural stability of Ag_3PO_4 in water. The valence band and conduction band potentials of AgI were both more negative than that of Ag_3PO_4. Therefore, the photoinduced electrons of AgI could be transferred to the surface ofand the photogenerated holes ofmigrate to the valence band of AgI.So,the probability of the electron-hole recombination was decreased,and the photocatalytic activity was enhanced.
引文
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[15] WANG J, TENG F, CHEN M D, et al. Facile synthesis of novel Ag3PO4tetrapods and the{110}facets-dominated photocatalytic activity[J].CrystEngComm, 2012, 15:39-42.
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[17] LI F F, LI Z H, ZHANG M X, et al. Ag3PO4@holmium phosphatecore@shell composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity[J]. RSCAdvances, 2017, 7(55):34705-34713.
[18] XIE J L, YANG Y F, HE H P, et al. Facile synthesis of hierarchicalAg3PO4/TiO2nanofiber heterostructures with highly enhanced visiblelight photocatalytic properties[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2015, 355:921-929.
[19] WANG Y F, LI X L, WANG Y W, et al. Novel visible-light AgBr/Ag3PO4hybrids photocatalysts with surface plasma resonance effects[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2013, 202:51-56.
[20] CAI L, XU T, SHEN J Y, et al. Highly efficient photocatalytictreatment of mixed dyes waste water via visible-light-driven AgI-Ag3PO4/MWCNTs[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,2015, 37:19-28.
[21] MA J F, LIU Q, ZHU L F, et al. Visible light photocatalytic activityenhancement of Ag3PO4dispersedon exfoliated bentonite fordegradation of rhodamineB[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2016, 182:26-32.
[22] ZHAO Y J, CAO J, LIN H L, et al. Facile assembling of AgI/Ag3PO4via dissolution-precipitation mechanism and its excellent photocatalyticactivity for contaminant removal[J]. Material Research Bulletin, 2015,62:168-176.
[23] YAN J, WANG C, XU H, et al. AgI/Ag3PO4heterojunction compositeswith enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation[J].Applied Surface Science, 2013, 287(12):178-186.
[2] JIA C, XIE X W, GE M, et al. In situ ion exchange preparation of AgBr/Ag3PO4/HAP nanocomposite photocatalyst with enhanced visible lightphotocatalytic performance[J]. Materials Science in SemiconductorProcessing, 2015, 36:71-77.
[3] LIU X Q, CHEN W J, JIANG H. Facile synthesis of Ag/Ag3PO4/AMBcomposite with improved photocatalytic performance[J]. ChemicalEngineering Journal, 2017, 308:889-896.
[4] CAO J, LUO B D, LIN H L, et al. Visible light photocatalytic activityenhancement and mechanism of AgBr/Ag3PO4hybrids for degradationof methyl orange[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 217/218(38):107-115.
[5] KASUMATA H, HAYASHI T, TANIGUCHI M, et al. Highly efficientvisible-light AgBr/Ag3PO4hybrid photocatalysts with enhancedphotocatalytic activity[J]. Materials Science in SemiconductorProcessing, 2014, 25(18):68-75.
[6] HU P R, LIU L, AN W J, et al. Use of a core-shell composite Ag3PO4@TCNQ to improve photocatalytic activity and stability[J].Applied Surface Science, 2017, 425:329-339.
[7] KATSUMATA H, HAYASHI T, TANIGUCHI M, et al. AgI/Ag3PO4hybrids with highly efficient visible-light driven photocatalytic activity[J]. Material Research Bulletin, 2015, 63:116-122.
[8] AMORNPITOKSUK P, SUWANBOON S. Comparative study of thephotocatalytic decolorization of rhodamine B dye by AgI-Ag3PO4prepared from co-precipitation and ion-exchange methods[J]. Journalof Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 720:582-588.
[9]曾滔,林海燕,余岩,等. AgI/Ag3PO4异质结催化剂可见光催化还原CO2的研究[J].中国环境科学, 2017, 37(5):1751-1758.ZENG Tao, LIN H Y, YU Y, et al. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2withAgI Ag3PO4heterojunction catalyst under visible light[J]. ChinaEnvironmental Science, 2017, 37(5):1751-1758.
[10]李志林,程丽丽. TiO2/SiO2复合粉体的简易研磨法制备[J].科学技术与工程, 2012, 12(1):213-217.LIN Z L, CHENG L L. Preparation of TiO2/SiO2composites by a facilegrinding method[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2012, 12(1):213-217.
[11] LU J F, ZHANG Q W, WANG J, et al. Synthesis of N-doped ZnO bygrinding and subsequent heating Zno-urea mixture[J]. PowderTechnology, 2006, 162(1):33-37.
[12] SUN Z M, YAO G Y, ZHANG X Y, et al. Enhanced visible-lightphotocatalytic activity of kaolinite/g-C3N4composite synthesized via mechanochemical treatment[J]. Applied Clay Science, 2016, 129:7-14.
[13] GHORAI T K, CHAKRABORTY M, PRAMANIK P, et al.Photocatalytic performance of nano-photocatalyst from TiO2and Fe2O3by mechanochemical synthesis[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2011, 509(32):8158-8164.
[14] TADJARODI A, IZADI M, IMANI M. Synthesis and characterizationof the special ZnO nanostructure by mechanochemical process[J].Materials Letters, 2013, 92(1):108-110.
[15] WANG J, TENG F, CHEN M D, et al. Facile synthesis of novel Ag3PO4tetrapods and the{110}facets-dominated photocatalytic activity[J].CrystEngComm, 2012, 15:39-42.
[16] TIAN J, YAN T J, QIAO Z, et al. Anion-exchange synthesis of Ag2S/Ag3PO4core/shell composites with enhanced visible and NIR lightphotocatalytic performance and the photocatalytic mechanisms[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 2017, 209:566-578.
[17] LI F F, LI Z H, ZHANG M X, et al. Ag3PO4@holmium phosphatecore@shell composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity[J]. RSCAdvances, 2017, 7(55):34705-34713.
[18] XIE J L, YANG Y F, HE H P, et al. Facile synthesis of hierarchicalAg3PO4/TiO2nanofiber heterostructures with highly enhanced visiblelight photocatalytic properties[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2015, 355:921-929.
[19] WANG Y F, LI X L, WANG Y W, et al. Novel visible-light AgBr/Ag3PO4hybrids photocatalysts with surface plasma resonance effects[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2013, 202:51-56.
[20] CAI L, XU T, SHEN J Y, et al. Highly efficient photocatalytictreatment of mixed dyes waste water via visible-light-driven AgI-Ag3PO4/MWCNTs[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,2015, 37:19-28.
[21] MA J F, LIU Q, ZHU L F, et al. Visible light photocatalytic activityenhancement of Ag3PO4dispersedon exfoliated bentonite fordegradation of rhodamineB[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2016, 182:26-32.
[22] ZHAO Y J, CAO J, LIN H L, et al. Facile assembling of AgI/Ag3PO4via dissolution-precipitation mechanism and its excellent photocatalyticactivity for contaminant removal[J]. Material Research Bulletin, 2015,62:168-176.
[23] YAN J, WANG C, XU H, et al. AgI/Ag3PO4heterojunction compositeswith enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation[J].Applied Surface Science, 2013, 287(12):178-186.
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