资源型企业跨区转移外溢效应的机理分析与检验
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摘要
资源型企业跨区转移的外溢效应,是一个基于新兴实践的管理科学问题。运用系统工程和经济统计的思想,采取理论分析与实证检验相结合的方法,在系统梳理和分析提出三种外溢渠道的基础上,选取我国东部9个资源型企业与中西部3个省资源产业1995-2014年的相关数据进行实证检验。研究表明:(1)示范模仿渠道、竞争优化渠道的溢出效能检验显著为正,成为资源型企业跨区转移外溢效应形成的主要渠道。(2)竞争优化渠道的溢出效能明显高于示范模仿渠道的溢出效能,源于两个渠道特性与效能决定因素的差异明显。(3)人流带传渠道的溢出效能检验并不显著,不能成为资源型企业跨区转移外溢效应形成的主要渠道,这与我国现阶段资源开采产业的特征及其转入企业与当地企业的发展差距有关。研究结论可为调控资源型企业跨区转移和促进区域创新协调发展的相关政策制定提供理论依据。
Spillover effect of interregional transfer of resources enterprises is a management science issue based on emerging practice.The research selects 9 resource enterprises in eastern China areas and related information from 3 provinces resources industry in mideastern China from 1995 to 2014 by applying the ideas of system engineering and economic statistics,adopting a method that combines comprehensive analysis with logic induction,as well as systematically carding,analyzing and supplying 3 spillover channels. The research concludes the following results. First,the spillover efficiency of demonstration imitation channel and competition optimization channel are verified to be positive and become main channel to form spillover effect of interregional transfer of resources enterprises. Second,the spillover efficiency of competition optimization channel is obviously higher than that of demonstration imitation channel,which results from the obvious difference in the features and efficiency-determinants of the two channels. Third,the spillover efficiency of visitor rate channel is not obvious and cannot become the main channel to form spillover effect of interregional transfer of resources enterprises,which results from feature of current resource extraction industries in China and the development gap between shifting-in and local enterprises. The conclusions may provide theoretical guidance for taking right measures to control the transfer action of resources enterprises and promote the regional innovation and coordinated development.
Spillover effect of interregional transfer of resources enterprises is a management science issue based on emerging practice.The research selects 9 resource enterprises in eastern China areas and related information from 3 provinces resources industry in mideastern China from 1995 to 2014 by applying the ideas of system engineering and economic statistics,adopting a method that combines comprehensive analysis with logic induction,as well as systematically carding,analyzing and supplying 3 spillover channels. The research concludes the following results. First,the spillover efficiency of demonstration imitation channel and competition optimization channel are verified to be positive and become main channel to form spillover effect of interregional transfer of resources enterprises. Second,the spillover efficiency of competition optimization channel is obviously higher than that of demonstration imitation channel,which results from the obvious difference in the features and efficiency-determinants of the two channels. Third,the spillover efficiency of visitor rate channel is not obvious and cannot become the main channel to form spillover effect of interregional transfer of resources enterprises,which results from feature of current resource extraction industries in China and the development gap between shifting-in and local enterprises. The conclusions may provide theoretical guidance for taking right measures to control the transfer action of resources enterprises and promote the regional innovation and coordinated development.
引文
[1]李存芳.中国可耗竭资源型企业转移区位选择行为的实证研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2015
[2]Branstetter L.Is Foreign Direct Investment a Channel of Knowledge Spillovers?Evidence from Japan’s FDI in the United States[J].Journal of International Economics,2006,68(2):325-344
[3]Cole M.A.,Elliott R.J.R.,Zhang J.Growth,Foreign Direct Investment,and the Environment:Evidence from Chinese Cities[J].Journal of Regional Science,2011,51(1):121-138
[4]叶娇,王佳林.FDI对本土技术创新的影响研究---基于江苏省面板数据的实证[J].国际贸易问题,2014,(1):131-138
[5]Du L.,Harrison A.,Jefferson G.H.Testing for Horizontal and Vertical Foreign Investment Spillovers in China,1998-2007[J].Journal of Asian Economics,2012,23(3):234-243
[6]胡健,焦兵.中国西部能源产业技术溢出效应的比较研究[J].资源科学,2010,32(3):478-484
[7]Ortega-Argiles R.,Potters L.,Vivarelli M.R&D and Productivity:Testing Sectoral Peculiarities Using Micro Data[J].Empirical Economics,2011,41(3):817-839
[8]Dela Tour A.,Glachant M.,Meniere Y.Innovation and International Technology Transfer:The Case of the Chinese Photovoltaic Industry[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(2):761-770
[9]Mebratie A.D.,Bedi A.S.Foreign Direct Investment,Black Economic Empowerment and Labour Productivity in South Africa[J].Journal of International Trade and Economic Development,2013,22(1):94-115
[10]朱佩枫,周德群,王群伟.技术差距对煤炭企业跨区直接投资技术溢出的影响[J].中国软科学,2009,(11):147-153
[11]李存芳,周德群,杨保华.中国可耗竭资源型企业转移行为的特征和趋势[J].管理评论,2012,24(3):150-156
[12]Findlay R.Relative Backwardness,Direct Foreign Investment,and the Transfer of Technology:A Simple Dynamic Model[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1978,92(1):1-16
[13]杨高举,黄先海.内部动力与后发国分工地位升级---来自中国高技术产业的证据[J].中国社会科学,2013,(2):25-46
[14]李志翠.我国西部地区承接区际产业转移的效应研究[D].中央财经大学博士学位论文,2015
[15]武春友,岳良文,张米尔.基于MFA和DEA的煤炭资源效率测算方法的研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(12):135-142
[16]王志宏,刘强,王冲.区域分割下的煤炭产业链效率评价及发展策略[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):705-710
[17]Ouyang P.,Fu S.Economic Growth,Local Industrial Development and Interregional Spill-overs from Foreign Direct Investment:Evidence from China[J].China Economic Review,2012,23(2):445-460
[18]李存芳,杨保华,王世进.基于产业转移的可耗竭资源型企业区位选择行为影响因素的实证分析[J].管理评论,2013,25(12):112-124
[19]项歌德,朱平芳,张征宇.中国高技术产业R&D溢出效应研究---本土与跨国途径两个维度的视角[J].上海经济研究,2012,(9):19-29
[20]朱平芳,项歌德,王永水.中国工业行业间R&D溢出效应研究[J].经济研究,2016,(11):44-55
[21]杨亚平.FDI技术行业内溢出还是行业间溢出---基于广东工业面板数据的经验分析[J].中国工业经济,2007,(11):73-79
[22]Kokko A.,Tansini R.,Zejan M.Local Technological Capability and Productivity Spillovers from FDI in Uruguayan Manufacturing Sector[J].Journal of Development Studies,1996,32(4):602-611
[23]Fosfuri A.,Motta M.,Rnde T.Foreign Direct Investment and Spillovers Through Workers’Mobility[J].Journal of International Economics,2001,53(1):205-222
(1)中国地质调查局地质调查项目《危机矿山资源潜力调查与评价》于2003年12月完成,报告科学地评价了我国2020年之前危机矿山发展状况。
(2)“长距离通勤模式”:在20世纪80年代后期,为开发偏远矿区,采矿业不再新建居民点,让家属居住在近处的中心城镇,雇员长距离通勤上班。
(3)引自中国工程院院士刘炯天在第七次煤炭工业科学技术大会上的专题报告(北京,2011.4.17)。
[2]Branstetter L.Is Foreign Direct Investment a Channel of Knowledge Spillovers?Evidence from Japan’s FDI in the United States[J].Journal of International Economics,2006,68(2):325-344
[3]Cole M.A.,Elliott R.J.R.,Zhang J.Growth,Foreign Direct Investment,and the Environment:Evidence from Chinese Cities[J].Journal of Regional Science,2011,51(1):121-138
[4]叶娇,王佳林.FDI对本土技术创新的影响研究---基于江苏省面板数据的实证[J].国际贸易问题,2014,(1):131-138
[5]Du L.,Harrison A.,Jefferson G.H.Testing for Horizontal and Vertical Foreign Investment Spillovers in China,1998-2007[J].Journal of Asian Economics,2012,23(3):234-243
[6]胡健,焦兵.中国西部能源产业技术溢出效应的比较研究[J].资源科学,2010,32(3):478-484
[7]Ortega-Argiles R.,Potters L.,Vivarelli M.R&D and Productivity:Testing Sectoral Peculiarities Using Micro Data[J].Empirical Economics,2011,41(3):817-839
[8]Dela Tour A.,Glachant M.,Meniere Y.Innovation and International Technology Transfer:The Case of the Chinese Photovoltaic Industry[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(2):761-770
[9]Mebratie A.D.,Bedi A.S.Foreign Direct Investment,Black Economic Empowerment and Labour Productivity in South Africa[J].Journal of International Trade and Economic Development,2013,22(1):94-115
[10]朱佩枫,周德群,王群伟.技术差距对煤炭企业跨区直接投资技术溢出的影响[J].中国软科学,2009,(11):147-153
[11]李存芳,周德群,杨保华.中国可耗竭资源型企业转移行为的特征和趋势[J].管理评论,2012,24(3):150-156
[12]Findlay R.Relative Backwardness,Direct Foreign Investment,and the Transfer of Technology:A Simple Dynamic Model[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1978,92(1):1-16
[13]杨高举,黄先海.内部动力与后发国分工地位升级---来自中国高技术产业的证据[J].中国社会科学,2013,(2):25-46
[14]李志翠.我国西部地区承接区际产业转移的效应研究[D].中央财经大学博士学位论文,2015
[15]武春友,岳良文,张米尔.基于MFA和DEA的煤炭资源效率测算方法的研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(12):135-142
[16]王志宏,刘强,王冲.区域分割下的煤炭产业链效率评价及发展策略[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):705-710
[17]Ouyang P.,Fu S.Economic Growth,Local Industrial Development and Interregional Spill-overs from Foreign Direct Investment:Evidence from China[J].China Economic Review,2012,23(2):445-460
[18]李存芳,杨保华,王世进.基于产业转移的可耗竭资源型企业区位选择行为影响因素的实证分析[J].管理评论,2013,25(12):112-124
[19]项歌德,朱平芳,张征宇.中国高技术产业R&D溢出效应研究---本土与跨国途径两个维度的视角[J].上海经济研究,2012,(9):19-29
[20]朱平芳,项歌德,王永水.中国工业行业间R&D溢出效应研究[J].经济研究,2016,(11):44-55
[21]杨亚平.FDI技术行业内溢出还是行业间溢出---基于广东工业面板数据的经验分析[J].中国工业经济,2007,(11):73-79
[22]Kokko A.,Tansini R.,Zejan M.Local Technological Capability and Productivity Spillovers from FDI in Uruguayan Manufacturing Sector[J].Journal of Development Studies,1996,32(4):602-611
[23]Fosfuri A.,Motta M.,Rnde T.Foreign Direct Investment and Spillovers Through Workers’Mobility[J].Journal of International Economics,2001,53(1):205-222
(1)中国地质调查局地质调查项目《危机矿山资源潜力调查与评价》于2003年12月完成,报告科学地评价了我国2020年之前危机矿山发展状况。
(2)“长距离通勤模式”:在20世纪80年代后期,为开发偏远矿区,采矿业不再新建居民点,让家属居住在近处的中心城镇,雇员长距离通勤上班。
(3)引自中国工程院院士刘炯天在第七次煤炭工业科学技术大会上的专题报告(北京,2011.4.17)。