金龟子绿僵菌对稻飞虱的飞防效果
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摘要
为了研究金龟子绿僵菌对稻飞虱的飞防效果,在三亚市天涯区过岭田洋分别利用植保无人机喷施、人工喷施、未喷施药剂(对照)等3种方法防治扬花结束期晚稻稻飞虱。调查并分析试验区稻飞虱活体虫口数、虫口减退率、防效效果等指标。结果表明:飞防区和人工喷施区平均虫口量显著低于空白对照区,平均虫口减退率、防治效果显著高于空白对照区。防治后3 d,飞防区和人工喷施区虫口退减率分别为4. 02%和2. 04%,两者无显著差异;防治后7、 14 d,飞防区虫口量减退率分别为46. 53%、 72. 3%,显著优于人工喷施防治区的21. 49%、 41. 7%,平均防治效果达82. 27%,高于人工防治区的63%。因而,金龟子绿僵菌对田间中等发生稻飞虱有持续防控作用;与人工喷施防治相比,应用植保无人机喷施防治,防治效果和工作效率明显,可在海南大面积推广应用。
In order to study the control effect of Metarhizium anisopliae on rice planthoppers, three methods of plant protection, including unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) spraying, artificial spraying and non-spraying of insecticides(control), were used to control late rice at the end of flowering in Tianya District of Sanya City. The results showed that the average insect population in flight control area and artificial spraying area was significantly lower than that in control area, and the average decline rate of insect population and the effect of control were significantly higher than that in blank control area simultaneously. 3 days after prevention, the decline rate of insect population in flight control area and artificial spraying area was 4.02% and 2.04% respectively, and there was no significant difference between them. However 7 days and 14 days after prevention, the decline rate of insect population in flight control area was 46.53% and 72.30%, respectively, which was significantly better than 21.49%and 41.70% in artificial spraying control area. The average control effect was 82.27%, higher than 63%in artificial control area. The results showed that Metarhizium anisopliae had a sustained control effect on the occurrence of rice planthopper in the field. Compared with artificial spraying control, the application of plant protection UAV spraying control had obvious control effect and work efficiency, and could be widely applied in Hainan province.
In order to study the control effect of Metarhizium anisopliae on rice planthoppers, three methods of plant protection, including unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) spraying, artificial spraying and non-spraying of insecticides(control), were used to control late rice at the end of flowering in Tianya District of Sanya City. The results showed that the average insect population in flight control area and artificial spraying area was significantly lower than that in control area, and the average decline rate of insect population and the effect of control were significantly higher than that in blank control area simultaneously. 3 days after prevention, the decline rate of insect population in flight control area and artificial spraying area was 4.02% and 2.04% respectively, and there was no significant difference between them. However 7 days and 14 days after prevention, the decline rate of insect population in flight control area was 46.53% and 72.30%, respectively, which was significantly better than 21.49%and 41.70% in artificial spraying control area. The average control effect was 82.27%, higher than 63%in artificial control area. The results showed that Metarhizium anisopliae had a sustained control effect on the occurrence of rice planthopper in the field. Compared with artificial spraying control, the application of plant protection UAV spraying control had obvious control effect and work efficiency, and could be widely applied in Hainan province.
引文
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[3]章松柏,宋国威,杨靓,等.水稻锯齿叶矮缩病毒的检测及介体传毒特性[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 3:225-229.
[4]吴远国,李红霞,徐源辉,等.南方水稻黑条矮缩病田间表现差异与防控措施[J].江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(8):96-98.
[5]蒙艳华,周国强,吴春波,等.我国农用植保无人机的应用与推广探讨[J].中国植保导刊, 2014, 34(S1):33-39.
[6]张曼丽,麦昌青,王硕.三亚市南方水稻黑条矮缩病发生类推预测及防治方法初探[J].中国植保导刊,2012(12):41-43, 44.
[7]全国农业技术推广服务中心编著.农作物有害生物测报技术手册[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2006-10:130-137.
[8]沈嘉炜,刘志超,蔡尤俊,等.水稻品种多样性对褐飞虱及蜘蛛的影响[J].中国生物防治学报, 2015(3):327-332.
[9]吴启佳,崔旭红,张国安,等. Bt水稻对青翅蚁形隐翅虫和非靶标害虫种群动态的影响[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 38(5):445-448, 460.
[10]乔飞,王光华,王雪芹,等.稻田穗期主要捕食性天敌对两种盲蝽集团内捕食的初步研究[J].应用昆虫学报, 2016, 53(5):1 091-1 102.
[11]李兰松,魏文珑,赵秋勇.生物农药及其发展思路的探讨[J].山西化工, 2007(5):33-37.
[12]全国农业技术推广服务中心编著.水稻主要病虫害测报与防治技术手册[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2014(1):50-56.
[13]邝卓昂,黄春亮,黄风光,等.粉蕉高效栽培技术要点[J].中国热带农业, 2007(2):53.
[14]张婷,许叁卫,杨苏英,等.无人机飞防技术在瑞丽市水稻上应用的前景分析[J].云南农业科技,2018(增刊):38-40.