尾巨桉杂种无性系叶片挥发性成分分析
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摘要
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取来自广西尾巨桉(Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis)不同杂种无性系叶片的挥发性成分,并通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、气相色谱(GC)分析其挥发性成分种类及含量。结果表明,杂交无性系DH42-6、DH19-6、DH32-26和DH32-29分别检测出34、34、30和32种化学物质。其中,挥发性成分超过1%以上的化学成分分别有7、8、5和7种,分别占总挥发性成分的91.418%、89.598%、95.420%和92.676%。按主要挥发性成分分类,这4种尾巨桉杂交无性系可分为两种生化类型,一种为1,8-桉叶素型,主要产生的无性系为DH19-6和DH32-26;另一种为γ-松油烯型,主要产生的无性系为DH42-6和DH32-29。不同无性系叶片主要成分的差异导致其萜类化合物及其衍生物的主要含量有所差异。DH19-6和DH32-26叶片挥发性成分的单萜醇酯类物质为主要成分,其相对百分含量分别为49.973%和46.290%;DH42-6和DH32-29叶片挥发性成分中的单萜类物质为主要成分,其相对百分含量分别达到91.010%和83.745%。尾巨桉不同杂种无性系叶片挥发性成分的差异,为后续研究桉树化感物质的化感作用提供树种来源及理论基础。
Volatile components from leaves of different hybrid clones of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis from Guangxi were extracted by steam distillation and volatile components were analyzed by gas chromatogra-phy-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) as well as gas chromatography(GC). Results showed that 34,34,30 and 32 chemical substances were detected in the hybrid clones DH42-6,DH19-6,DH32-26 and DH32-29,respectively. Among them,there are 7,8,5 and 7 chemical components with volatile components exceeding 1%,accounting for 91.418%,89.598%,95.420% and 92.676% of the total volatile components. According to the main volatile components,the four hybrid clones of E. urophylla × E. grandis can be divided in-to two kinds of biochemical types. One was 1,8-cineole type,which mainly produced by DH19-6 and DH32-26;the other is γ-terpinene type,which mainly produced by DH42-6 and DH32-29. Differences in themain components of the leaves of different clones led to the differences in the main contents of terpenoids andtheir derivatives. Among them, the monoterpene esters were the main volatile components of DH19-6 and DH32-26,and the percentage composition was 49.973% and 46.290%,respectively. The monoterpenoids inthe volatile components of DH42-6 and DH32-29 leaves were dominant components and the percentage composition reached 91.010% and 83.745%. The difference of volatile components in leaves of different hybridclones of E. urophylla × E. grandis could provide the tree species and theoretical basis for the subsequentstudy on allelopathy of Eucalyptus allelochemicals.
Volatile components from leaves of different hybrid clones of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis from Guangxi were extracted by steam distillation and volatile components were analyzed by gas chromatogra-phy-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) as well as gas chromatography(GC). Results showed that 34,34,30 and 32 chemical substances were detected in the hybrid clones DH42-6,DH19-6,DH32-26 and DH32-29,respectively. Among them,there are 7,8,5 and 7 chemical components with volatile components exceeding 1%,accounting for 91.418%,89.598%,95.420% and 92.676% of the total volatile components. According to the main volatile components,the four hybrid clones of E. urophylla × E. grandis can be divided in-to two kinds of biochemical types. One was 1,8-cineole type,which mainly produced by DH19-6 and DH32-26;the other is γ-terpinene type,which mainly produced by DH42-6 and DH32-29. Differences in themain components of the leaves of different clones led to the differences in the main contents of terpenoids andtheir derivatives. Among them, the monoterpene esters were the main volatile components of DH19-6 and DH32-26,and the percentage composition was 49.973% and 46.290%,respectively. The monoterpenoids inthe volatile components of DH42-6 and DH32-29 leaves were dominant components and the percentage composition reached 91.010% and 83.745%. The difference of volatile components in leaves of different hybridclones of E. urophylla × E. grandis could provide the tree species and theoretical basis for the subsequentstudy on allelopathy of Eucalyptus allelochemicals.
引文
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[4]沈云.广西东门林场尾巨桉扦插育苗技术研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2012.
[5]黄瑶,田玉红,刘雄民,等.尾叶桉叶精油的成分分析及抑菌效果初探[J].北方园艺,2010(6):26-28
[6]田玉红,周贤闯,周小柳,等.巨桉叶精油的化学成分分析[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(13):2765-2767.
[7]陈月圆,卢凤来,李典鹏,等.不同品种桉树叶挥发性成分的GC-MS分析[J].广西植物,2010,30(6):895-898.
[8]林丽静,朱冰清,吕国提,等.顶空固相微萃取——气质联用分析尾巨桉叶片挥发油化学成分[J].桉树科技,2012(3):34-37.
[9]黄炳生,周晓农,朱丹,等.广东产尾巨桉叶挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析[J].中药材,2012,35(8):1268-1270.
[10]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:三部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010.
[11]田宏,曹庸,王征,等.尾巨桉精油化学成分分析及其抗氧化活性[J].中国林副特产,2009(5):22-23.
[12]田玉红.广西桉叶挥发性成分分析及抗菌抗氧化性能研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2006.
[13]王红星,离燕萍,陈美环.芳香型植物精油抑菌效果的测定和比较[J].中国饲料,1996(6):32-34.
[14]FADEL H,MARX F,EI-SAWY A.Effect of extraction techniques on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis var.brevirostris leaf oils[J].Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und-Forschung A,1999,208(3):212-216.
[15]PARTES H T,SABTOS J P,WAQUIL J M,et al.Insecticidal activity of monoterpenes against Rhyzopertha dominica(F.)and Tribolium castaneum(Herbst)[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,1998,34(4):243-249.
[16]SHAAYA E,RAVID U,PASTER N,et al.Fumigant toxicity of essential oils against four major stored-product insects[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,1991,17:499-504.
[17]REGNAULT-ROGER C,HAMRAOUI A.Fumigant toxic activity and reproductive inhibition induced by monoterpenes on Acanthoscelides odtectus(Say)(Coleoptera),a bruchid of kidney been(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,1995,31:291-299.