有机肥及其配套机械化技术的研究进展
|
摘要
有机肥能很好的改良、培肥土壤,提高农产品质量,减少环境污染,是化肥的良好替代品,是发展绿色高效生态农业的必需品。调研国内外有机肥研究进展以及山东省有机肥产业发展现状,重点对国内外有机肥的制备加工机械、撒施机械进行介绍,分析有机肥产业以及施肥机械化技术存在的问题,并提出我国有机肥施肥机械化的发展对策,为我国有机肥施肥机械化发展提供技术支持。
Organic fertilizer is a good substitute for fertilizer,is the development of efficient ecological agriculture green necessities.For example,organic fertilizer can improve and fertilize the soil,improve the quality of agricultural products,and reduce environmental pollution.This paper investigates the research progress of organic fertilizer at home and abroad and the development status of organic fertilizer industry in Shandong Province.It mainly introduces the preparation and processing of organic fertilizer at home and abroad.This paper analyzes the existing problems of organic fertilizer industry and fertilizer mechanization technology.At the same time,the countermeasures for the mechanization of organic fertilizer application in China are put forward.The article provides technical support for the mechanization development of organic fertilizer fertilization in China.
Organic fertilizer is a good substitute for fertilizer,is the development of efficient ecological agriculture green necessities.For example,organic fertilizer can improve and fertilize the soil,improve the quality of agricultural products,and reduce environmental pollution.This paper investigates the research progress of organic fertilizer at home and abroad and the development status of organic fertilizer industry in Shandong Province.It mainly introduces the preparation and processing of organic fertilizer at home and abroad.This paper analyzes the existing problems of organic fertilizer industry and fertilizer mechanization technology.At the same time,the countermeasures for the mechanization of organic fertilizer application in China are put forward.The article provides technical support for the mechanization development of organic fertilizer fertilization in China.
引文
[1]石玉龙,刘杏认,高佩玲,等.生物炭和有机肥对华北农田盐碱土N2O排放的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(12):5333-5343.Shi Yulong,Liu Xinren,Gao Peiling,et al.Effects of biochar and organic fertilizer on saline-alkali soil N2O Emission in the North China plain[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(12):5333-5343.
[2]B9hme L,B9hme F.Soil microbiological and biochemical properties affected by plant growth and different long-term fertilization[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2006,42(1):1-12.
[3]Ouhdouch Y,Barakate M,Finance C.Actinomycetes of Moroccan habitats:isolation and screening for antifungal activities[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2001,37(2):69-74.
[4]Gong W,Yan X,Wang J,et al.Long-term manure and fertilizer effects on soil organic matter fractions and microbes under a wheat-maize cropping system in northern China[J].Geoderma,2009,149(3-4):318-324.
[5]Yang X,Ren W,Sun B,et al.Effects of contrasting soil management regimes on total and labile soil organic carbon fractions in a loess soil in China[J].Geoderma,2012,177:49-56.
[6]马飞,许兴,肖国举,等.秸秆还田与有机肥对银北盐碱地春小麦光合作用及生长的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(9):80-83.Ma Fei,Xu Xing,Xiao Guoju,et al.Effects of straw-returning and manure on photosynthesis and growth of spring wheat in saline-alkali soil in North of Yinchuan[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(9):80-83.
[7]沈德龙,曹凤明,李力.我国生物有机肥的发展现状及展望[J].中国土壤与肥料,2007,23(9):35-37.Shen Delong,Cao Fengming,Li Li.Development status and prospect of microbial organic fertilizer in China[J].Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China,2007,23(9):35-37.
[8]田小明,李俊华,危常州,等.连续3年施用生物有机肥对土壤有机质组分、棉花养分吸收及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(5):1111-1118.Tian Xiaoming,Li Junhua,Wei Changzhou,et al.Effects of continuous application of bio-organic fertilizer for three years on soil organic matter fractions,cotton nutrient absorption and yield[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2012,18(5):1111-1118.
[9]何宗均,石瑶,赵琳娜,等.生态有机肥在番茄和棉花种植中的应用研究[J].天津农业科学,2008,14(4):22-23.He Zongjun,Shi Yao,Zhao Linna,et al.Application study of ecological organic fertilizer in planting of tomato and cotton[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2008,14(4):22-23.
[10]李俊华,蔡和森,尚杰,等.生物有机肥对新疆棉花黄萎病防治的生物效应[J].南京农业大学学报,2010,33(6):50-54.Li Junhua,Cai Hesen,Shang Jie,et al.Effects of controlling to cotton virticillium wilt with bio-organic fertilizer in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2010,33(6):50-54.
[11]熊又升,袁家富,杨涛,等.生物有机肥对棉花黄萎病发生及产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(8):1841-1844.Xiong Yousheng,Yuan Jiafu,Yang Tao,et al.Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on morbidity of verticillium dahliae and yield of cotton[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2010,49(8):1841-1844.
[12]高亮,丁春明,王炳华,等.生物有机肥在盐碱地上的应用效果及其对玉米的影响[J].山西农业科学,2011,39(1):47-50.Gao Liang,Ding Chunming,Wang Binghua,et al.Application effects of biological organic fertilizer in saline-alkali soil and its impacts on Maize[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(1):47-50.
[13]罗佳,赵爽,袁玉娟,等.施用微生物有机肥对棉花抗病性相关酶活性的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(3):89-93.Luo Jia,Zhao Shuang,Yuan Yujuan,et al.Effects of a bio-organic fertilizer on the disease resistance-related enzymes activities of cotton[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2011,34(3):89-93.
[14]刘艳,李金胜,王菊英,等.有机肥不同用量对黄河三角洲盐碱地杂交狼尾草产量和品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(6):89-92.Liu Yan,Li Jinsheng,Wang Juying,et al.Effect of different amounts of organic fertilizer on yield and quality of forage grass hybrid pennisetum in saline soil of the Yellow River delta[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2014,46(6):89-92.
[15]宋震震,李絮花,李娟,等.有机肥和化肥长期施用对土壤活性有机氮组分及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(3):525-533.Song Zhenzhen,Li Xuhua,Li Juan,et al.Long-term effects of mineral versus organic fertilizers on soil labile nitrogen fractions and soil enzyme activities in agricultural soil[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2014,20(3):525-533.
[16]李燕青,唐继伟,车升国,等.长期施用有机肥与化肥氮对华北夏玉米N2O和CO2排放的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(21):4381-4389.Li Yanqing,Tang Jiwei,Che Shengguo,et al.Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the emission of CO2and N2Ofrom the summer maize field in the North China plain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(21):4381-4389.
[17]贾良肖,赵升吨,李省,等.有机肥造粒方式及设备传动方式的合理性探讨[J].现代农业科技,2014(2):222-225,230.Jia Liangxiao,Zhao Shengdun,Li Sheng,et al.The rational discussion of organic fertilizer granulation method and equipment transmission way[J].Xiandai Nongye Keji,2014(2):222-225,230.
[18]朱振华,武正辉.生物质颗粒燃料生产技术与设备[J].当代农机,2011(12):64-66.
[19]施继红.农家肥撒施机工作部件的试验研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2002.Shi Jihong.Study on working portion of farmyard manure spreader[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2002.
[20]吴爱兵,朱德文,陈永生,等.螺杆式有机肥施肥机的研制与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(6):174-176,162.Wu Aibin,Zhu Dewen,Chen Yongsheng,et al.Design and test of organic manure fertilizer machine[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(6):174-176,162.
[21]潘世强,赵亚祥,田耘,等.有机肥撒施机水平单圆盘式撒施器的仿真分析与试验研究[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(3):7-10.Pan Shiqiang,Zhao Yaxiang,Tianyun,et al.Simulation analysis and experimental research on horizontally single disc distributor of manure spreader[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(3):7-10.
[22]孟涛,焦洪宇,陈启东,等.木屑污泥丸对辊挤压造粒工艺研究[J].中国农机化学报,2015,36(5):60-63.Meng Tao,Jiao Hongyu,Chen Qidong,et al.Research on roll extrusion granulating process of balls mixed saw dust with sludge[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2015,36(5):60-63.
[23]张睿,王秀,赵春江,等.链条输送式变量施肥抛撒机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(6):20-25.Zhang Rui,Wang Xiu,Zhao Chunjiang,et al.Design and experiment of variable rate fertilizer spreader with conveyor chain[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(6):20-25.
[24]许斌星,马标,陈永生,等.我国设施蔬菜有机肥撒施装备研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(6):40-44.Xu Binxing,Ma Biao,Chen Yongsheng,et al.Status and development trend of organic fertilizer broadcast application equipments in greenhouse vegetables in China[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(6):40-44.
[25]吴爱兵,朱德文,赵国栋.我国固态肥料施肥机械现状及发展对策[J].农业开发与装备,2014,11(2):27-28.
[26]谷洁,高华.提高化肥利用率技术创新展望[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(2):17-20.Gu Jie,Gao Hua.Prospects of the technical innovation to increase fertilizer use efficiency[J].Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2000,16(2):17-20.
[2]B9hme L,B9hme F.Soil microbiological and biochemical properties affected by plant growth and different long-term fertilization[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2006,42(1):1-12.
[3]Ouhdouch Y,Barakate M,Finance C.Actinomycetes of Moroccan habitats:isolation and screening for antifungal activities[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2001,37(2):69-74.
[4]Gong W,Yan X,Wang J,et al.Long-term manure and fertilizer effects on soil organic matter fractions and microbes under a wheat-maize cropping system in northern China[J].Geoderma,2009,149(3-4):318-324.
[5]Yang X,Ren W,Sun B,et al.Effects of contrasting soil management regimes on total and labile soil organic carbon fractions in a loess soil in China[J].Geoderma,2012,177:49-56.
[6]马飞,许兴,肖国举,等.秸秆还田与有机肥对银北盐碱地春小麦光合作用及生长的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(9):80-83.Ma Fei,Xu Xing,Xiao Guoju,et al.Effects of straw-returning and manure on photosynthesis and growth of spring wheat in saline-alkali soil in North of Yinchuan[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(9):80-83.
[7]沈德龙,曹凤明,李力.我国生物有机肥的发展现状及展望[J].中国土壤与肥料,2007,23(9):35-37.Shen Delong,Cao Fengming,Li Li.Development status and prospect of microbial organic fertilizer in China[J].Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China,2007,23(9):35-37.
[8]田小明,李俊华,危常州,等.连续3年施用生物有机肥对土壤有机质组分、棉花养分吸收及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(5):1111-1118.Tian Xiaoming,Li Junhua,Wei Changzhou,et al.Effects of continuous application of bio-organic fertilizer for three years on soil organic matter fractions,cotton nutrient absorption and yield[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2012,18(5):1111-1118.
[9]何宗均,石瑶,赵琳娜,等.生态有机肥在番茄和棉花种植中的应用研究[J].天津农业科学,2008,14(4):22-23.He Zongjun,Shi Yao,Zhao Linna,et al.Application study of ecological organic fertilizer in planting of tomato and cotton[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2008,14(4):22-23.
[10]李俊华,蔡和森,尚杰,等.生物有机肥对新疆棉花黄萎病防治的生物效应[J].南京农业大学学报,2010,33(6):50-54.Li Junhua,Cai Hesen,Shang Jie,et al.Effects of controlling to cotton virticillium wilt with bio-organic fertilizer in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2010,33(6):50-54.
[11]熊又升,袁家富,杨涛,等.生物有机肥对棉花黄萎病发生及产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(8):1841-1844.Xiong Yousheng,Yuan Jiafu,Yang Tao,et al.Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on morbidity of verticillium dahliae and yield of cotton[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2010,49(8):1841-1844.
[12]高亮,丁春明,王炳华,等.生物有机肥在盐碱地上的应用效果及其对玉米的影响[J].山西农业科学,2011,39(1):47-50.Gao Liang,Ding Chunming,Wang Binghua,et al.Application effects of biological organic fertilizer in saline-alkali soil and its impacts on Maize[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(1):47-50.
[13]罗佳,赵爽,袁玉娟,等.施用微生物有机肥对棉花抗病性相关酶活性的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(3):89-93.Luo Jia,Zhao Shuang,Yuan Yujuan,et al.Effects of a bio-organic fertilizer on the disease resistance-related enzymes activities of cotton[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2011,34(3):89-93.
[14]刘艳,李金胜,王菊英,等.有机肥不同用量对黄河三角洲盐碱地杂交狼尾草产量和品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(6):89-92.Liu Yan,Li Jinsheng,Wang Juying,et al.Effect of different amounts of organic fertilizer on yield and quality of forage grass hybrid pennisetum in saline soil of the Yellow River delta[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2014,46(6):89-92.
[15]宋震震,李絮花,李娟,等.有机肥和化肥长期施用对土壤活性有机氮组分及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(3):525-533.Song Zhenzhen,Li Xuhua,Li Juan,et al.Long-term effects of mineral versus organic fertilizers on soil labile nitrogen fractions and soil enzyme activities in agricultural soil[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2014,20(3):525-533.
[16]李燕青,唐继伟,车升国,等.长期施用有机肥与化肥氮对华北夏玉米N2O和CO2排放的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(21):4381-4389.Li Yanqing,Tang Jiwei,Che Shengguo,et al.Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the emission of CO2and N2Ofrom the summer maize field in the North China plain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(21):4381-4389.
[17]贾良肖,赵升吨,李省,等.有机肥造粒方式及设备传动方式的合理性探讨[J].现代农业科技,2014(2):222-225,230.Jia Liangxiao,Zhao Shengdun,Li Sheng,et al.The rational discussion of organic fertilizer granulation method and equipment transmission way[J].Xiandai Nongye Keji,2014(2):222-225,230.
[18]朱振华,武正辉.生物质颗粒燃料生产技术与设备[J].当代农机,2011(12):64-66.
[19]施继红.农家肥撒施机工作部件的试验研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2002.Shi Jihong.Study on working portion of farmyard manure spreader[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2002.
[20]吴爱兵,朱德文,陈永生,等.螺杆式有机肥施肥机的研制与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(6):174-176,162.Wu Aibin,Zhu Dewen,Chen Yongsheng,et al.Design and test of organic manure fertilizer machine[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(6):174-176,162.
[21]潘世强,赵亚祥,田耘,等.有机肥撒施机水平单圆盘式撒施器的仿真分析与试验研究[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(3):7-10.Pan Shiqiang,Zhao Yaxiang,Tianyun,et al.Simulation analysis and experimental research on horizontally single disc distributor of manure spreader[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(3):7-10.
[22]孟涛,焦洪宇,陈启东,等.木屑污泥丸对辊挤压造粒工艺研究[J].中国农机化学报,2015,36(5):60-63.Meng Tao,Jiao Hongyu,Chen Qidong,et al.Research on roll extrusion granulating process of balls mixed saw dust with sludge[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2015,36(5):60-63.
[23]张睿,王秀,赵春江,等.链条输送式变量施肥抛撒机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(6):20-25.Zhang Rui,Wang Xiu,Zhao Chunjiang,et al.Design and experiment of variable rate fertilizer spreader with conveyor chain[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(6):20-25.
[24]许斌星,马标,陈永生,等.我国设施蔬菜有机肥撒施装备研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(6):40-44.Xu Binxing,Ma Biao,Chen Yongsheng,et al.Status and development trend of organic fertilizer broadcast application equipments in greenhouse vegetables in China[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(6):40-44.
[25]吴爱兵,朱德文,赵国栋.我国固态肥料施肥机械现状及发展对策[J].农业开发与装备,2014,11(2):27-28.
[26]谷洁,高华.提高化肥利用率技术创新展望[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(2):17-20.Gu Jie,Gao Hua.Prospects of the technical innovation to increase fertilizer use efficiency[J].Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2000,16(2):17-20.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |