基于降风阻力器的风电叶片激振降阻特性及试验
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摘要
从实用的角度出发提出一种基于降风阻力器补偿的降阻增幅激振方案,即在靠近叶片尖部区域安装1个降风阻力器,减小叶片振动面受到的风阻。首先设计4种不同截面形状的降风阻力器,采用ANSYS/CFD软件进行数值模拟,得出锐角型和椭圆型具有更好的降风阻功能,且角度越小,降风阻效果越好。最后搭建1套基于锐角型降风阻力器补偿的风电叶片疲劳测试平台,试验结果表明,相同条件下该激振方式能很好地降低风阻,叶片稳定状态的振幅从750 mm增大到1000 mm,具有广阔的工程应用前景。
From the practical point of view,a reduction-resistance and increase-vibration excitation scheme based on the compensation of the wind force reducer is proposed,that is,a wind force reducer is installed near the blade tip area to reduce the wind resistance of the blade vibration surface. Firstly,four kinds of wind force reducers with different crosssection shapes are designed. The numerical simulation is carried out by using ANSYS/CFD software. It is concluded that the sharp angle and the elliptical shape have better wind resistance effect,and the smaller the angle is,the better the wind resistance is. Finally,a set of wind turbine blade fatigue test platform is set up based on sharp angle wind force reducer compensation. The experimental results show that the excitation mode can reduce the wind resistance under the same conditions,and the amplitude of the blade stabilized state increases from 750 mm to 1000 mm,has a very broad engineering application prospect.
From the practical point of view,a reduction-resistance and increase-vibration excitation scheme based on the compensation of the wind force reducer is proposed,that is,a wind force reducer is installed near the blade tip area to reduce the wind resistance of the blade vibration surface. Firstly,four kinds of wind force reducers with different crosssection shapes are designed. The numerical simulation is carried out by using ANSYS/CFD software. It is concluded that the sharp angle and the elliptical shape have better wind resistance effect,and the smaller the angle is,the better the wind resistance is. Finally,a set of wind turbine blade fatigue test platform is set up based on sharp angle wind force reducer compensation. The experimental results show that the excitation mode can reduce the wind resistance under the same conditions,and the amplitude of the blade stabilized state increases from 750 mm to 1000 mm,has a very broad engineering application prospect.
引文
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[12]蔡新.风力发电机叶片[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2014.[12]Cai Xin.Wind turbine blade[M].Beijing:China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press,2014.
[2]柯世堂,徐玮,王同光.基于大涡模拟考虑叶片停机位置大型风力机风振响应分析[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(7):92-98.[2]Ke Shitang,Xu Wei,Wang Tongguang.Wind-included vibration response analysis for a large wind turbine blade-tower system based on large eddy simulation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(7):92-98.
[3]Kong C,Bang J,Sugiyama Y.Structural investigation of composite wind turbine blade considering various load cases and fatigue life[J].Energy,2005,30:2101-2114.
[4]Chen Xiao,Li Chuanfeng,Xu Jianzhong.Failure investigation on a coastal wind farm damaged by super typhoon:A forensic engineering study[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2015,147:132-142.
[5]Chen Xiao,Zhao Wei,Zhao Xiaolu,et al.Failure test and finite element simulation of a large wind turbine composite blade under static loading[J].Energy,2014,7:2274-2297.
[6]Jayantha A,Philip D.Accelerated full scale fatigue of a small composite wind turbine blade using a mechanically operated test rig[J].Structural and Fracture,2004,14:62-70.
[7]张磊安,黄雪梅.单点疲劳载荷作用下的风电叶片振动特性研究[J].太阳能学报,2015,36(5):1112-1116.[7]Zhang Leian,Huang Xuemei.Study on vibration characteristics of wind turbine blade under single point fatigue loading[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2015,36(5):1112-1116.
[8]黄雪梅,赵婧,张磊安.液压作动器驱动的风机叶片疲劳加载系统研究[J].机床与液压,2013,41(7):66-68.[8]Huang Xuemei,Zhao Jing,Zhang Leian.Study on fatigue loading system of fan blade driven by hydraulic actuator[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulic,2013,41(7):66-68.
[9]张磊安,魏修亭,陶黎明,等.风电叶片疲劳加载激振系统解耦控制算法及试验研究[J].工程科学与技术,2017,49(1):109-114.[9]Zhang Leian,Wei Wei,Tao Liming,et al.Decoupling control algorithm and experimental study of fatigue loading vibration system for wind turbine blade[J].Engineering Science and Technology,2017,49(1):109-114.
[10]廖高华,乌建中,来鑫.风电叶片双锤激振加载振动耦合特性及试验研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,47(11):3692-3699.[10]Liao Gaohua,Wu Jianzhong,Lai Xin.Study on vibration coupling characteristics and experimental study of two-hammer excited vibration of wind turbine blade[J].Journal of Central South University:Natural Science Edition,2016,47(11):3692-3699.
[11]徐太栋,杜平安,王炼,等.基于CFD的精密离心机风阻优化[J].工程设计学报,2014,21(6):572-577.[11]Xu Taidong,Du Pingan,Wang Lian,et al.Optimization design of wind resistance for precision centrifuge based on CFD[J].Journal of Engineering Design,2014,21(6):572-577.
[12]蔡新.风力发电机叶片[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2014.[12]Cai Xin.Wind turbine blade[M].Beijing:China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press,2014.