基于有限元的高速数控车床床身结构分析与优化
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摘要
床身是车床的重要基础件,它的静、动态特性直接影响车床的加工精度与作业稳定性。以ADI高速数控车床床身为研究对象,建立床身的三维实体模型与有限元模型,借助ANSYS有限元分析软件对其进行静力分析和模态分析。以降低数控车床床身变形量和提高低阶固有频率为目标,根据分析结果对车床床身原设计进行改进,通过有限元分析对比,提出在床身内部与上导轨区域增加筋板和床身底部薄弱部分填厚的结构优化方法。经仿真分析优化后的床身动、静刚度明显增强,低阶固有频率明显提高。
The lathe-bed is an important basic part of the lathe. Its static and dynamic characteristics directly affect the machining accuracy and job stability of the lathe. ADI high-speed CNC lathes to bed as a research object,three-dimensional solid model of the bed with the finite element model,using ANSYS finite element analysis software to its static analysis and modal analysis. To reduce the deformation of the CNC lathe bed and increase the low natural frequency,according to the analysis results,the original design of the lathe bed is improved,by comparison of the finite element analysis,a structural optimization method is put forward to increase ribs in the bed interior and upper rail area while the weak part of the bottom of the bed is thickened. After simulation and analysis,the dynamic and static stiffness of the bed were significantly enhanced,and the natural frequency of the low-order bed was significantly improved.
The lathe-bed is an important basic part of the lathe. Its static and dynamic characteristics directly affect the machining accuracy and job stability of the lathe. ADI high-speed CNC lathes to bed as a research object,three-dimensional solid model of the bed with the finite element model,using ANSYS finite element analysis software to its static analysis and modal analysis. To reduce the deformation of the CNC lathe bed and increase the low natural frequency,according to the analysis results,the original design of the lathe bed is improved,by comparison of the finite element analysis,a structural optimization method is put forward to increase ribs in the bed interior and upper rail area while the weak part of the bottom of the bed is thickened. After simulation and analysis,the dynamic and static stiffness of the bed were significantly enhanced,and the natural frequency of the low-order bed was significantly improved.
引文
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[2]林剑峰,马晓波,李晖,等.数控机床动态特性测试与分析研究[J].机械制造,2010,48(8):5-9.
[3]黄志新. ANSYS Workbench 16. 0超级学习手册[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2016.
[4]郭俊康,方荣,洪军,等.基于有限元分析的拉刀磨床床身结构优化设计[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2011(1):9-12,17.
[5]张祥雷,姚博世,冮铁强,等.五轴数控磨床床身结构分析与优化[J].机床与液压,2012,40(15):18-21,26.
[6]Saeed Moaveni.有限元分析—ANSYS理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2015.
[7]于天彪,王学智,关鹏,等.超高速磨削机床主轴系统模态分析[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(17):183-188.
[8]苗淑杰,李荣智,段成燕,等.后装压缩式垃圾车压实板的有限元分析[J].黑龙江工程学院学报,2015,29(2):1-4.
[9]周秦源,任莹晖,郭怀忠.精密多功能磨床后床身动静态有限元分析[J].制造技术与机床,2015(8):86-88.
[10]李艳,翟力军,王淑凤.电火花加工机床床身的有限元分析及优化[J].航天制造技术,2015(6):42-44.
[11]范晋伟,王鸿亮,张兰清,等.数控磨床床身的有限元分析及结构改进[J].制造业自动化,2016,38(5):34-36,47.
[12]何成浩,尹志宏.基于有限元分析的机床床身结构优化设计[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(23):5743-5747.