眼柄摘除对红螯光壳螯虾生长、性腺发育及体色的影响
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摘要
为探究眼柄摘除对红螯光壳螯虾(Cherax quadriarinatus)生长、性腺发育及体色的影响,对6月龄红螯光壳螯虾[体质量(47. 47±3. 48) g]进行了摘除眼柄处理实验。结果显示,4周后摘除双侧眼柄组红螯光壳螯虾体质量为(84. 40±13. 41) g,显著高于不摘除眼柄组[(49. 63±6. 47) g]和摘除单侧眼柄组[(51. 47±4. 08) g](P <0. 05);摘除双侧眼柄组红螯光壳螯虾存活率为60. 0%±4. 8%,显著低于不摘除眼柄组和摘除单侧眼柄组(分别为94. 4%±2. 3%和97. 2%±2. 1%);摘除双侧眼柄组红螯光壳螯虾性腺指数为1. 23±0. 50,显著高于不摘除眼柄组(0. 20±0. 06)和摘除单侧眼柄组(0. 35±0. 08)。利用Image J软件对红螯光壳螯虾体色RGB值分析表明,摘除双眼柄组红螯光壳螯虾体色G值和B值(分别为99. 26±5. 23和98. 40±3. 58)显著高于摘除单侧眼柄组(59. 02±3. 85和44. 07±4. 57)(P <0. 05)。结果表明,眼柄摘除能促进红螯光壳螯虾生长和性腺发育,影响体色变化。
Red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, belonging to Arthropod, crustacean, Decapoda,Parastacidae,is a freshwater crayfish from Australia. In 1990 s, red claw crayfish was introduced to Guangdong Province,China. Because of big-size,fast growth rate,high meat content and strong adaptability,red claw crayfish has been deeply loved by farmers and consumers,and become an important crayfish breeding species in China.It has been reported that the eyestalk of crustaceans has X-organ sinus gland( XO-SG),which can secrete gonad-inhibiting hormones( GIH),molt-inhibiting hormones( MIH) etc. These hormones can control the gonad development and molting of crustaceans. It is known that removal of unilateral or bilateral eyestalks of crustaceans can accelerate their molting and growth,gonad development and maturation. However,up to now,the effects of eye removal numbers on the growth and gonad development of crayfish have not been reported. To investigate the effects of eyestalk ablation on the growth,gonad development and body color of Cherax quadriarinatus. The eyestalk removal of 6-month-old Cherax quadriarinatus with an average weight of( 47. 47 ±3. 48) g was carried out. It was divided into three groups: control group without eyestalk ablation,experiment groups one with unilateral eyestalk ablation,the other with bilateral eyestalk ablation. The results showed that after 4 weeks,the body weight in bilateral eyestalk ablation was( 84. 40 ± 13. 41) g,significantly higher than that in non-eyestalk ablation group( 49. 63 ± 6. 47) g and unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 51. 47 ±4. 08) g( P <0. 05); the survival rate of crayfish in bilateral eyestalk ablation group was( 60. 0%± 4. 8%),which was significantly lower than of control( 94. 4% ± 2. 3%) and unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 97. 2% ± 2. 1%). The gonad index of crayfish in bilateral eyestalk ablation group was 1. 23 ± 0. 50,significantly higher than that of the control group( 0. 20 ± 0. 06) and unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 0. 35± 0. 08). Image J software analysis showed that the body color G and B values of crayfish in bilateral eyestalk ablation group( 99. 26 ± 5. 23 and 98. 4 ± 3. 58,respectively) were significantly higher than those in unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 59. 02 ± 3. 85 and 44. 07 ± 4. 57,respectively)( P < 0. 05). In conclusion,removal of eyestalk leads to weight increase,gonad development and can affect body color changes. These results will be helpful for cultivation of Cherax quadriarinatus and understanding the mechanism of gonad development and molting of crustaceans.
Red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, belonging to Arthropod, crustacean, Decapoda,Parastacidae,is a freshwater crayfish from Australia. In 1990 s, red claw crayfish was introduced to Guangdong Province,China. Because of big-size,fast growth rate,high meat content and strong adaptability,red claw crayfish has been deeply loved by farmers and consumers,and become an important crayfish breeding species in China.It has been reported that the eyestalk of crustaceans has X-organ sinus gland( XO-SG),which can secrete gonad-inhibiting hormones( GIH),molt-inhibiting hormones( MIH) etc. These hormones can control the gonad development and molting of crustaceans. It is known that removal of unilateral or bilateral eyestalks of crustaceans can accelerate their molting and growth,gonad development and maturation. However,up to now,the effects of eye removal numbers on the growth and gonad development of crayfish have not been reported. To investigate the effects of eyestalk ablation on the growth,gonad development and body color of Cherax quadriarinatus. The eyestalk removal of 6-month-old Cherax quadriarinatus with an average weight of( 47. 47 ±3. 48) g was carried out. It was divided into three groups: control group without eyestalk ablation,experiment groups one with unilateral eyestalk ablation,the other with bilateral eyestalk ablation. The results showed that after 4 weeks,the body weight in bilateral eyestalk ablation was( 84. 40 ± 13. 41) g,significantly higher than that in non-eyestalk ablation group( 49. 63 ± 6. 47) g and unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 51. 47 ±4. 08) g( P <0. 05); the survival rate of crayfish in bilateral eyestalk ablation group was( 60. 0%± 4. 8%),which was significantly lower than of control( 94. 4% ± 2. 3%) and unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 97. 2% ± 2. 1%). The gonad index of crayfish in bilateral eyestalk ablation group was 1. 23 ± 0. 50,significantly higher than that of the control group( 0. 20 ± 0. 06) and unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 0. 35± 0. 08). Image J software analysis showed that the body color G and B values of crayfish in bilateral eyestalk ablation group( 99. 26 ± 5. 23 and 98. 4 ± 3. 58,respectively) were significantly higher than those in unilateral eyestalk ablation group( 59. 02 ± 3. 85 and 44. 07 ± 4. 57,respectively)( P < 0. 05). In conclusion,removal of eyestalk leads to weight increase,gonad development and can affect body color changes. These results will be helpful for cultivation of Cherax quadriarinatus and understanding the mechanism of gonad development and molting of crustaceans.
引文
[1]顾志敏,许谷星,密国强,等.红螯螯虾的国内外养殖情况及其发展前景[J].水产养殖,1997(2):22-24.GU Z M, XU G X, MI G Q, et al. Breeding situation and development prospect of Cherax quadricarinatus at home and abroad[J]. Journal of Aquaculture,1997(2):22-24.
[2]柳富荣.红螯螯虾的生物学特性及其养殖(一)[J].渔业致富指南,2002(5):46.LIU F R. Fishery biological characteristics and culture of Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Guide to Be Rich,2002(5):46.
[3] MEDLEY P B,JONES C M,AVAULT J W. A global perspective on the culture of Australian Red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus production economics and marketing[J]. World Aquaculture,1994,25(4):6-13.
[4] RUBINO M N,ALOM C,WILSON D,et al. Marron aquaculture research in the United States and the Caribbean[J]. Aquaculture Magazine,1990,16(3):27-44.
[5] CHANG A K. Analysis of the performance of a formulated feed in comparison with a commercial prawn feed for the crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. World Aquaculture Baton Rouge,2001,32(2):19-23.
[6] ALIMON A R,ROUSTAIAN P,SAAD C R,et al.Lipid content and fatty acid composition during early and late embryonic development of red claw crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2003,19(6):397-398.
[7] VAZQUEZ F J,LOPEZ G,LAURA S. Intersex females in the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Revista de Biologia Tropical,2007,55(1):25-32.
[8]成器.虾类养殖优良新品种———澳洲淡水龙虾[J].广东科技,1994(7):15,20.CHENG Q. New species of shrimp culture Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Guangdong Science&Technology,1994(7):15,20.
[9]水燕,史永红,徐增洪,等.眼柄切除快速诱导甲壳动物生长发育研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(21):124-126,135.SHUI Y,SHI Y H,XU Z H,et al. Advances of growth and development in crustaceans induced by eyestalk ablation[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2013,40(21):124-126,135.
[10] PERVAIZ P A,JHON S M,HON S M,et al.Studies on the effect of unilateral eyestalk ablation in maturation of gonads of a freshwater prawn Macrobrachium dayanum[J]. World Journal of Zoology,2011,6(2):159-163.
[11]康现江,米娅,刘彬彬,等.摘除眼柄对中华绒鳌蟹精巢发育及其氨基酸含量的影响[J].台湾海峡,2000,19(3):360-363.KANG X J,MI Y,LIU B B,et al. Studies on testis development and its variation of amino acid content in Eriochier sinensis by eyestalk ablation[J]. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2000,19(3):360-363.
[12]朱春华,赵光凤,李广丽.眼柄粗提物对凡纳滨对虾性分化的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2011,31(1):23-27.ZHU C H,ZHAO G F,LI G L,Effects of eyestalk extracts on the sex differentiation on litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2011,31(1):23-27.
[13]崔青曼,袁春营,吴婷婷.眼柄切除及注射黄体酮对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹卵巢发育的影响[J].海洋水产研究,2004(6):30-34.CUI Q M,YUAN C Y,WU T T. Effects of eyestalkablated and injecting progesterone on the Chinese mitten-handed juvenile crab ovarian development[J]. Marine Fisheries Research,2004(6):30-34.
[14]张宽,王贤淼.眼柄切除对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺和生殖腺蛋白质含量及其种类的影响[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2006(2):128-131.ZHANG K,WANG X M. Studies on variation of protein and changes of its content in hepatopancreas and gonad of Eriochier sinensis by eyestalk ablation[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science),2006(2):128-131.
[15]林琼武,张黎黎,吴超,等.切除眼柄对日本囊对虾亲虾摄食、性腺发育及能量转化的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2009,48(6):915-920.LIN Q W,ZHANG L L,WU C,et al. Effects of unilateral eyestalk ablation on feeding, gonadal development and energy conversion of Marsupenaeus japonicus broodstock[J]. Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),2009,48(6):915-920.
[16]邓思平,叶满,朱春华,等.切除眼柄对凡纳滨对虾亲虾卵巢、肝胰腺、血清生化组成的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2016,36(3):29-34.DENG S P,YE M,ZHU C H,et al. Influence of eyestalk ablation on biochemical composition of ovary,hepatopancreas and serum in pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock[J].Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2016,36(3):29-34.
[17]水燕,汤雪君,徐增洪,等.切除眼柄对加速克氏原螯虾卵巢发育进程的组织学研究[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(3):449-454.SHUI Y,TANG X J,XU Z H,et al. Histological study on the ovary development induced by eyestalk ablation in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkia[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology,2016,51(3):449-454.
[18]罗宇良,陈孝煊,吴志新.人工诱导红螯螯虾同步产卵的初步研究[J].水利渔业,1999(2):5-6.LOU Y L,CHEN X X,WU Z X,Preliminary study on artificial induction of synchronous spawning of red claw crayfish(Cherax quadricarinatus)[J].Reservoir Fisheries,1999(2):5-6.
[19]李飞,黄鲜明,沈勤松,等.两种方式对红螯螯虾同步产卵影响的研究[J].生物学杂志,2013,30(2):40-42.LI F,HUANG X M,SHEN Q S,et al. Study on the effect of two spawning ways for the synchronization of red claw crayfish(Cherax quadricarinatus)[J].Journal of Biology,2013,30(2):40-42.
[20]亓一舟,朱冬发,杨济芬,等.甲壳动物蜕皮抑制激素调控机制的研究进展[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(2):165-170.QI Y Z,ZHU D F,YANG J F,et al. Advances in regulation mechanism of molting inhibitory hormones in crustaceans[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology,2010,45(2):165-170.
[21]叶海辉,王桂忠,金朱兴,等.南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)视神经节和脑免疫细胞化学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2004,35(1):78-83.YE H H,WANG G Z,JIN Z X,et al. Immunocy to chemical studies on the the optic ganglla and the brain of Penaeus vannamei[J]. Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2004,35(1):78-83.
[22]黄加祺,林琼武.影响日本对虾亲虾存活率因素的探讨[J].海洋科学,2000,24(5):1-3.HUANG J Q, LIN Q W. Study on the factors affecting the survival rate of Penaeus japonicus parents[J]. Marine Science,2000,24(5):1-3.
[23]王克行.虾蟹类增养殖学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:24-35WANG K X. Breeding and culture of shrimps and crabs[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Press,1997:24-35.
[24]翁雄,李春晓,周文坚,等.不同眼柄摘除方法对对虾亲虾存活率的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(24):132-133.WENG X,LI C X,ZHOU W J,et al. Effects of different methods in penaeid shrimp brood stock eyetalk ablation on survival rates[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2012,39(24):132-133.
[2]柳富荣.红螯螯虾的生物学特性及其养殖(一)[J].渔业致富指南,2002(5):46.LIU F R. Fishery biological characteristics and culture of Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Guide to Be Rich,2002(5):46.
[3] MEDLEY P B,JONES C M,AVAULT J W. A global perspective on the culture of Australian Red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus production economics and marketing[J]. World Aquaculture,1994,25(4):6-13.
[4] RUBINO M N,ALOM C,WILSON D,et al. Marron aquaculture research in the United States and the Caribbean[J]. Aquaculture Magazine,1990,16(3):27-44.
[5] CHANG A K. Analysis of the performance of a formulated feed in comparison with a commercial prawn feed for the crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. World Aquaculture Baton Rouge,2001,32(2):19-23.
[6] ALIMON A R,ROUSTAIAN P,SAAD C R,et al.Lipid content and fatty acid composition during early and late embryonic development of red claw crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2003,19(6):397-398.
[7] VAZQUEZ F J,LOPEZ G,LAURA S. Intersex females in the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Revista de Biologia Tropical,2007,55(1):25-32.
[8]成器.虾类养殖优良新品种———澳洲淡水龙虾[J].广东科技,1994(7):15,20.CHENG Q. New species of shrimp culture Cherax quadricarinatus[J]. Guangdong Science&Technology,1994(7):15,20.
[9]水燕,史永红,徐增洪,等.眼柄切除快速诱导甲壳动物生长发育研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(21):124-126,135.SHUI Y,SHI Y H,XU Z H,et al. Advances of growth and development in crustaceans induced by eyestalk ablation[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2013,40(21):124-126,135.
[10] PERVAIZ P A,JHON S M,HON S M,et al.Studies on the effect of unilateral eyestalk ablation in maturation of gonads of a freshwater prawn Macrobrachium dayanum[J]. World Journal of Zoology,2011,6(2):159-163.
[11]康现江,米娅,刘彬彬,等.摘除眼柄对中华绒鳌蟹精巢发育及其氨基酸含量的影响[J].台湾海峡,2000,19(3):360-363.KANG X J,MI Y,LIU B B,et al. Studies on testis development and its variation of amino acid content in Eriochier sinensis by eyestalk ablation[J]. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2000,19(3):360-363.
[12]朱春华,赵光凤,李广丽.眼柄粗提物对凡纳滨对虾性分化的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2011,31(1):23-27.ZHU C H,ZHAO G F,LI G L,Effects of eyestalk extracts on the sex differentiation on litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2011,31(1):23-27.
[13]崔青曼,袁春营,吴婷婷.眼柄切除及注射黄体酮对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹卵巢发育的影响[J].海洋水产研究,2004(6):30-34.CUI Q M,YUAN C Y,WU T T. Effects of eyestalkablated and injecting progesterone on the Chinese mitten-handed juvenile crab ovarian development[J]. Marine Fisheries Research,2004(6):30-34.
[14]张宽,王贤淼.眼柄切除对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺和生殖腺蛋白质含量及其种类的影响[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2006(2):128-131.ZHANG K,WANG X M. Studies on variation of protein and changes of its content in hepatopancreas and gonad of Eriochier sinensis by eyestalk ablation[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science),2006(2):128-131.
[15]林琼武,张黎黎,吴超,等.切除眼柄对日本囊对虾亲虾摄食、性腺发育及能量转化的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2009,48(6):915-920.LIN Q W,ZHANG L L,WU C,et al. Effects of unilateral eyestalk ablation on feeding, gonadal development and energy conversion of Marsupenaeus japonicus broodstock[J]. Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),2009,48(6):915-920.
[16]邓思平,叶满,朱春华,等.切除眼柄对凡纳滨对虾亲虾卵巢、肝胰腺、血清生化组成的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2016,36(3):29-34.DENG S P,YE M,ZHU C H,et al. Influence of eyestalk ablation on biochemical composition of ovary,hepatopancreas and serum in pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock[J].Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2016,36(3):29-34.
[17]水燕,汤雪君,徐增洪,等.切除眼柄对加速克氏原螯虾卵巢发育进程的组织学研究[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(3):449-454.SHUI Y,TANG X J,XU Z H,et al. Histological study on the ovary development induced by eyestalk ablation in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkia[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology,2016,51(3):449-454.
[18]罗宇良,陈孝煊,吴志新.人工诱导红螯螯虾同步产卵的初步研究[J].水利渔业,1999(2):5-6.LOU Y L,CHEN X X,WU Z X,Preliminary study on artificial induction of synchronous spawning of red claw crayfish(Cherax quadricarinatus)[J].Reservoir Fisheries,1999(2):5-6.
[19]李飞,黄鲜明,沈勤松,等.两种方式对红螯螯虾同步产卵影响的研究[J].生物学杂志,2013,30(2):40-42.LI F,HUANG X M,SHEN Q S,et al. Study on the effect of two spawning ways for the synchronization of red claw crayfish(Cherax quadricarinatus)[J].Journal of Biology,2013,30(2):40-42.
[20]亓一舟,朱冬发,杨济芬,等.甲壳动物蜕皮抑制激素调控机制的研究进展[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(2):165-170.QI Y Z,ZHU D F,YANG J F,et al. Advances in regulation mechanism of molting inhibitory hormones in crustaceans[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology,2010,45(2):165-170.
[21]叶海辉,王桂忠,金朱兴,等.南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)视神经节和脑免疫细胞化学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2004,35(1):78-83.YE H H,WANG G Z,JIN Z X,et al. Immunocy to chemical studies on the the optic ganglla and the brain of Penaeus vannamei[J]. Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2004,35(1):78-83.
[22]黄加祺,林琼武.影响日本对虾亲虾存活率因素的探讨[J].海洋科学,2000,24(5):1-3.HUANG J Q, LIN Q W. Study on the factors affecting the survival rate of Penaeus japonicus parents[J]. Marine Science,2000,24(5):1-3.
[23]王克行.虾蟹类增养殖学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:24-35WANG K X. Breeding and culture of shrimps and crabs[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Press,1997:24-35.
[24]翁雄,李春晓,周文坚,等.不同眼柄摘除方法对对虾亲虾存活率的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(24):132-133.WENG X,LI C X,ZHOU W J,et al. Effects of different methods in penaeid shrimp brood stock eyetalk ablation on survival rates[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2012,39(24):132-133.