台西盆地地层沉积特征与成烃-成藏地质条件
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摘要
台西盆地是主体跨台湾岛与福建陆域之间的台湾海峡地区的中、新生代叠合盆地,在盆地东部及台湾岛已有相当的油气发现。在前人研究基础上,通过地震资料精细解释及海陆对比分析,开展了盆地地层分布、沉积特征及油气成烃成藏潜力研究。结果表明:盆地中-新生代地层发育,经历了白垩纪—始新世裂陷湖相、渐新世抬升剥蚀及中新世至今沉积、沉降3个阶段;发育下白垩统、古新统及始新统烃源岩,主要发育湖相、三角洲、水下扇和河道砂体等多种类型储集体;具有形成中型油气田的物质基础与较好的油气资源勘探发现潜力。
The Taixi Basin is a superimposed Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin located in the Taiwan Strait,with its main body lying between Taiwan Island and onshore Fujian. Large volume of hydrocarbon has been discovered in the eastern basin and Taiwan Island. Based on the previous studies,the study focused on stratigraphic distribution,sedimentary features and hydrocarbon generation potentials of the basin through fine interpretation of seismic data and marine-continental comparative analysis. The results show that evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin could be subdivided into three stages,namely the Cretaceous-Eocene rift depression lacustrine stage,the Oligocene uplift denudation stageand the Miocene-present sedimentation and subsidence stage. Correspondingly,three sets of source rocks are developed in this basin including the Lower Cretaceous,Paleocene and Eocene source rocks. The reservoir types are mainly clastic rocks,such as lacustrine facies,delta,subaqueous fan and channel sands. Medium-sized oil-gas fields may develop in the study area due to its favorable geological conditions for hydrocarbon generation and accumulation,thus its hydrocarbon exploration potential is believed to be relatively high.
The Taixi Basin is a superimposed Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin located in the Taiwan Strait,with its main body lying between Taiwan Island and onshore Fujian. Large volume of hydrocarbon has been discovered in the eastern basin and Taiwan Island. Based on the previous studies,the study focused on stratigraphic distribution,sedimentary features and hydrocarbon generation potentials of the basin through fine interpretation of seismic data and marine-continental comparative analysis. The results show that evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin could be subdivided into three stages,namely the Cretaceous-Eocene rift depression lacustrine stage,the Oligocene uplift denudation stageand the Miocene-present sedimentation and subsidence stage. Correspondingly,three sets of source rocks are developed in this basin including the Lower Cretaceous,Paleocene and Eocene source rocks. The reservoir types are mainly clastic rocks,such as lacustrine facies,delta,subaqueous fan and channel sands. Medium-sized oil-gas fields may develop in the study area due to its favorable geological conditions for hydrocarbon generation and accumulation,thus its hydrocarbon exploration potential is believed to be relatively high.
引文
[1]黄奇瑜.台湾岛的年龄[J].中国科学:地球科学,2017,47(4):394-405.Huang Qiyu. A Geological ages of Taiwan stratigraphy and tectonic events[J]. Scientia Sinica Terrae,2017,47(4):394-405.
[2]钱星,张莉,徐立明,等.台湾海峡盆地九龙江凹陷火成岩发育特征及其油气地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(5):111-116.Qian Xing,Zhang Li,Xu Liming,et al. Igneous rock in Jiulongjiang sag of Taiwan strait basin and implications for petroleum geology[J]. Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2015,35(5):111-116.
[3]赵静,梁前勇,张莉,等.台湾海峡盆地西部坳陷油气地球化学特征及其勘探远景评价[J].物探与化探,2015,39(4):657-664.Zhao Jing,Liang Qianyong,Zhang Li,et al. Near-surface oil and gas geochemical characteristics and exploration prospect of the western depression of Taiwan Strait Basin[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2015,39(4):657-664.
[4]陈智远,徐志星,徐国盛,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷中央反转构造带异常高压与油气成藏的耦合关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):570-581.Chen Zhiyuan,Xu Zhixing,Xu Guosheng,et al. Coupling relationship between abnormal overpressure and hydrocarbon accumulation in a central overturned structural belt,Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):570-581.
[5]陈春峰,钟楷,朱伟林,等.东海丽水凹陷物源及其对储层物性影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(5):963-972.Chen Chunfeng,Zhong Kai,Zhu Weilin,et al. Provenance of sediments and its effects on reservoir physical properties in Lishui Sag,East China Sea Shelf Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(5):963-972.
[6]刘振湖,王英民,王海荣.台湾海峡盆地的地质构造特征及演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(5):69-75.Liu Zhenhu,Wang Yingmin,Wang Hairong. Characteristics and evolutions of geologic stractures in the Taiwan strati basin[J]. MarineGeology&Quaternary Geology,2006,26(5):39-75.
[7] Yu H S,Chou Y W. Characteristics and development of the flexural forebulge and basal unconformity of western Taiwan foreland basin[J]. Tectonophysics,2001,333(2001):277-291.
[8] Lin A T,Watts A B,Hesselbo S P. Cenozoic stratigraphy and subsidence history of the South China Sea margin in the Taiwan region[J]. Basin Research,2003,(15):453-478.
[9] Teng,L S,Geotectonic evolution of late Cenozoic arc-continent collision in Taiwan[J]. Tectonophysics,1990,183(1-4):57-76.
[10] Yu H X,Chow J,Cenozoic basins in northern Taiwan and tectonic implications for the development of the eastern Asian continental margin[J]. Palaeogeography,1997,131(1-2):133-144.
[11]萧宝宗,胡锦城,林国安,等.澎湖盆地油气潜能评估[J].台湾石油地质,1991,9(2):215-229.Xiao Baozong,Hu Jincheng,Lin Guoan,et al. Petroleum potential assessment of Penghu basin[J]. Petroleum geology of Taiwan,1991,9(2):215-229.
[12]黄奇瑜,闫义,赵泉鸿,等.台湾新生代层序:反映南海张裂,层序和古海洋变化机制[J].科学通报,2012,57(20):1842-1862.Huang Qiyu,Yan Yi,Zhao Quanhong,et al. Cenozoic stratigraphy of Taiwan:Looking into rifting,stratigraphy and paleoceanography of South China Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(20):1842-1862.
[13]支家生.台湾西部天然气地质研究新进展[J].中国海洋油气,1996,10(3):153-158.Zhi Jiasheng. Recent progress of natural gas geological study of west Taiwan[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,1996,10(3):153-158.
[14]翁荣南.台湾石油中生物标志化合物的地球化学研究[J].台湾石油通讯,1991,8(1):1-10.Weng Rongnan. Biomarker geochemistry study of Taiwan petroleum[J]. TaiwanPetroleum Newsletter,1991,8(1):1-10.
[15]刘振湖,王英民,邓安雄,等.台湾海峡盆地油气地质条件与含油气系统研究[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(6):523-528.Liu Zhenhu,Wang Yingmin,Deng Anxiong,et al. Petroleum geological characteristics and petroleum system of Taiwan strait basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2006,28(6):523-528.
[16]解习农,张成,任建业,等.南海南北大陆边缘盆地构造演化差异性对油气成藏条件控制[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3280-3291.Xie Xinong,Zhang Cheng,Ren Jianye,et al. Effects of distinct tectonic evolutions on hydrocarbon accumulation in northern and southern continental marginal basins of South China Sea[J]Chinese Journal Geophysics,2011,54(12):3280-3291.
(1)蒋炳铨.台湾海峡石油地质和工作情况调研报告[R].福建省地质矿产局,1988.
(2)周昌范.台湾海峡西部石油地球物理普查及详查报告[R].广州海洋地质调查局,1991.
(1)张莉,林珍,易海,等.台湾海峡西部与福建陆域油气资源调查与评价成果报告[R].广州海洋地质调查局,2013。
[2]钱星,张莉,徐立明,等.台湾海峡盆地九龙江凹陷火成岩发育特征及其油气地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(5):111-116.Qian Xing,Zhang Li,Xu Liming,et al. Igneous rock in Jiulongjiang sag of Taiwan strait basin and implications for petroleum geology[J]. Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2015,35(5):111-116.
[3]赵静,梁前勇,张莉,等.台湾海峡盆地西部坳陷油气地球化学特征及其勘探远景评价[J].物探与化探,2015,39(4):657-664.Zhao Jing,Liang Qianyong,Zhang Li,et al. Near-surface oil and gas geochemical characteristics and exploration prospect of the western depression of Taiwan Strait Basin[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2015,39(4):657-664.
[4]陈智远,徐志星,徐国盛,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷中央反转构造带异常高压与油气成藏的耦合关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):570-581.Chen Zhiyuan,Xu Zhixing,Xu Guosheng,et al. Coupling relationship between abnormal overpressure and hydrocarbon accumulation in a central overturned structural belt,Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):570-581.
[5]陈春峰,钟楷,朱伟林,等.东海丽水凹陷物源及其对储层物性影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(5):963-972.Chen Chunfeng,Zhong Kai,Zhu Weilin,et al. Provenance of sediments and its effects on reservoir physical properties in Lishui Sag,East China Sea Shelf Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(5):963-972.
[6]刘振湖,王英民,王海荣.台湾海峡盆地的地质构造特征及演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(5):69-75.Liu Zhenhu,Wang Yingmin,Wang Hairong. Characteristics and evolutions of geologic stractures in the Taiwan strati basin[J]. MarineGeology&Quaternary Geology,2006,26(5):39-75.
[7] Yu H S,Chou Y W. Characteristics and development of the flexural forebulge and basal unconformity of western Taiwan foreland basin[J]. Tectonophysics,2001,333(2001):277-291.
[8] Lin A T,Watts A B,Hesselbo S P. Cenozoic stratigraphy and subsidence history of the South China Sea margin in the Taiwan region[J]. Basin Research,2003,(15):453-478.
[9] Teng,L S,Geotectonic evolution of late Cenozoic arc-continent collision in Taiwan[J]. Tectonophysics,1990,183(1-4):57-76.
[10] Yu H X,Chow J,Cenozoic basins in northern Taiwan and tectonic implications for the development of the eastern Asian continental margin[J]. Palaeogeography,1997,131(1-2):133-144.
[11]萧宝宗,胡锦城,林国安,等.澎湖盆地油气潜能评估[J].台湾石油地质,1991,9(2):215-229.Xiao Baozong,Hu Jincheng,Lin Guoan,et al. Petroleum potential assessment of Penghu basin[J]. Petroleum geology of Taiwan,1991,9(2):215-229.
[12]黄奇瑜,闫义,赵泉鸿,等.台湾新生代层序:反映南海张裂,层序和古海洋变化机制[J].科学通报,2012,57(20):1842-1862.Huang Qiyu,Yan Yi,Zhao Quanhong,et al. Cenozoic stratigraphy of Taiwan:Looking into rifting,stratigraphy and paleoceanography of South China Sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(20):1842-1862.
[13]支家生.台湾西部天然气地质研究新进展[J].中国海洋油气,1996,10(3):153-158.Zhi Jiasheng. Recent progress of natural gas geological study of west Taiwan[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,1996,10(3):153-158.
[14]翁荣南.台湾石油中生物标志化合物的地球化学研究[J].台湾石油通讯,1991,8(1):1-10.Weng Rongnan. Biomarker geochemistry study of Taiwan petroleum[J]. TaiwanPetroleum Newsletter,1991,8(1):1-10.
[15]刘振湖,王英民,邓安雄,等.台湾海峡盆地油气地质条件与含油气系统研究[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(6):523-528.Liu Zhenhu,Wang Yingmin,Deng Anxiong,et al. Petroleum geological characteristics and petroleum system of Taiwan strait basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2006,28(6):523-528.
[16]解习农,张成,任建业,等.南海南北大陆边缘盆地构造演化差异性对油气成藏条件控制[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3280-3291.Xie Xinong,Zhang Cheng,Ren Jianye,et al. Effects of distinct tectonic evolutions on hydrocarbon accumulation in northern and southern continental marginal basins of South China Sea[J]Chinese Journal Geophysics,2011,54(12):3280-3291.
(1)蒋炳铨.台湾海峡石油地质和工作情况调研报告[R].福建省地质矿产局,1988.
(2)周昌范.台湾海峡西部石油地球物理普查及详查报告[R].广州海洋地质调查局,1991.
(1)张莉,林珍,易海,等.台湾海峡西部与福建陆域油气资源调查与评价成果报告[R].广州海洋地质调查局,2013。