二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷煤层气成因类型及勘探方向
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摘要
低煤阶煤层气地球化学特征及成因判识是勘探选区重要基础。通过解剖煤层气井气、水组成及其碳、氢同位素特征,探讨了二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷煤层气成因。结果表明:煤层气组分中甲烷占93.41%,重烃及二氧化碳含量低,为典型干气;甲烷碳同位素(δ~(13)C)值介于-62.5‰～-60.1‰之间、氢同位素(δD)值介于-275.1‰～-270.2‰之间、二氧化碳碳的同位素(δ~(13)C)值介于5.1‰～6.2‰之间,反映其为生物成因气。煤层水来源于大气降水,呈弱碱性、较低矿化度。煤层气井气、水氢同位素特征表明研究区97%左右生物成因气形成于二氧化碳还原机制。生物气藏是吉尔嘎朗图凹陷重要煤层气勘探方向,适宜地下水环境是勘探选区关键因素。
Geochemical characteristics and genetic identification of low-grade coalbed methane are important foundations for exploration targets. The origin of coalbed methane in Erlian Basin is discussed by dissecting the composition of gas and water in coal-seam wells and the characteristics of carbon and hydrogen isotopes. The results show that methane content in coalbed methane components is 93.41%, and the content of heavy hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide is low, indicating a typical dry gas. The carbon isotope values of methane are between-62.5‰ and-60.1‰, and the hydrogen isotope values are between-275.1‰ and-270.2‰.The carbon isotope values of carbon dioxide range from 5.1 to 6.2‰, suggesting that it is biogas. Coal bed water originated from atmospheric precipitation, showing weak alkalinity and low salinity. The gas and water isotope characteristics of coalbed methane wells indicate that about 97% of biogas in the study area was formed by carbon dioxide reduction. The biogas reservoir is an important exploration target for coalbed methane in the Jiergalangtu depression. The suitable groundwater environment is a key factor in the exploration targets.
Geochemical characteristics and genetic identification of low-grade coalbed methane are important foundations for exploration targets. The origin of coalbed methane in Erlian Basin is discussed by dissecting the composition of gas and water in coal-seam wells and the characteristics of carbon and hydrogen isotopes. The results show that methane content in coalbed methane components is 93.41%, and the content of heavy hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide is low, indicating a typical dry gas. The carbon isotope values of methane are between-62.5‰ and-60.1‰, and the hydrogen isotope values are between-275.1‰ and-270.2‰.The carbon isotope values of carbon dioxide range from 5.1 to 6.2‰, suggesting that it is biogas. Coal bed water originated from atmospheric precipitation, showing weak alkalinity and low salinity. The gas and water isotope characteristics of coalbed methane wells indicate that about 97% of biogas in the study area was formed by carbon dioxide reduction. The biogas reservoir is an important exploration target for coalbed methane in the Jiergalangtu depression. The suitable groundwater environment is a key factor in the exploration targets.
引文
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郭少峰,贾德彬,王蓉,等.2015.内蒙古正蓝旗大气降水氢氧稳定同位素特征分析[J].中国科技论文,10(21):2580-2584.
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刘文汇,刘全有,徐永昌,等.2003.天然气地球化学数据的获取及应用[J].天然气地球科学,14(1):21-29.
马明侠.2010.松辽盆地北部浅层生物气形成条件及其资源潜力评价[D].北京:中国地质大学.
彭文利,薛冽,胡斌,等.2015.准噶尔盆地东部煤层气地质特征及有利区优选[J].非常规油气,2(5):7-12.
任战利.1998.中国北方沉积盆地构造热演化史恢复及其对比研究[D].西安:西北大学.
桑逢云.2015.国内外低阶煤煤层气开发现状和我国开发潜力研究[J].中国煤层气,12(3):7-9.
宋佩德,范莉,潘结南,等.2014."新郑矿区地下水类型及水源判别[J].煤矿安全,45(2):165-168.
孙斌,邵龙义,赵庆波,等.2008.二连盆地煤层气勘探目标评价[J].煤田地质与勘探,36(1):22-26.
孙粉锦,李五忠,孙钦平,等.2017.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷低煤阶煤层气勘探[J].石油学报,38(5):485-492.
孙平,刘洪林,巢海燕,等.2008.低煤阶煤层气勘探思路[J].天然气工业,28(3):19-22.
孙钦平,王生维,田文广,等.2018.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷低煤阶煤层气富集模式[J].天然气工业,38(4):59-66.
陶明信,王万春,解光新,等.2005.中国部分煤田发现的次生生物成因煤层气[J].科学通报,50(b10):14-18.
王晓锋,刘文汇,徐永昌,等.2006.不同成因天然气的氢同位素组成特征研究进展[J].天然气地球科学,17(2):163-169.
卫三元,秦明宽,李月湘,等.2006.二连盆地晚中生代以来构造沉积演化与铀成矿作用[J].铀矿地质,22(2):76-82.
徐永昌.1999.天然气地球化学研究及有关问题探讨[J].天然气地球科学,10(3):20-28.
叶欣.2007.中国西北低煤阶煤层气成藏地质特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
于鹏,石广洋,徐进军,等.2017.胜利露天煤矿防治水研究及综合治理[J].露天采矿技术,32(7):67-70.
张义纲,陈焕疆.1983.论生物气的生成和聚集[J].石油与天然气地质,4(2):160-170.
张道勇,朱杰,赵先良,等.2018.全国煤层气资源动态评价与可利用性分析[J].煤碳学报,43(6):1598-1604.
朱志敏,沈冰,崔洪庆,等.2007.阜新盆地煤层气成因分析[J].地质科技情报,26(3):69-72.
Flores R M,Rice C A,Stricker G D,et al.2008.Methanogenic pathways of coal-bed gas in the Powder River Basin,United States:The geologic factor[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,76(1):52-75.
Jenden P D and Kaplan I R.1986.Comparison of microbial gases from the Middle America Trench and Scripps Submarine Canyon:implications for the origin of natural gas[J].Applied Geochemistry,1(6):631-646.
Kotarba M J.2001.Composition and origin of coalbed gases in the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins,Poland[J].Organic Geochemistry,32(1):163-180.
Schoell M.1980.The hydrogen and carbon isotopic composition of methane from natural gases of various origins[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,44(5):649-661.
Scott A R.1994.Thermogenic and secondary biogenic gases,San Juan Basin,Colorado and New Mexico-implications for coalbed gas producibility[J].AmericanAssociationof PetroleumGeologistsBulletin,78(8):1186-1209.
Shigeta M,Takeda M,Koyama K,et al.1983.Genetic characterization of natural gas[J].Applied Entomology&Zoology,22(12):229-230.
Smith J W and Pallasser R J.1996.Microbial origin of Australian coalbed methane[J].Aapg Bulletin,80(6):891-897.
Whiticar M J.1999.Carbon and hydrogen isotope systematics of bacterial formation and oxidation of methane[J].Chemical Geology,161(1-3):291-314.
Whiticar M J,Faber E and Schoell M.1986.Biogenic methane formation in marine and freshwater environments:CO2reduction vs acetate fermentation-Isotope evidence[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,50(5):693-709.
郭少峰,贾德彬,王蓉,等.2015.内蒙古正蓝旗大气降水氢氧稳定同位素特征分析[J].中国科技论文,10(21):2580-2584.
琚宜文,李清光,颜志丰,等.2014.煤层气成因类型及其地球化学研究进展[J].煤炭学报,39(5):806-815.
雷怀玉,孙钦平,孙斌,等.2010.二连盆地霍林河地区低煤阶煤层气成藏条件及主控因素[J].天然气工业,30(6):26-30.
李贵红,张泓.2013.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层气成因机制[J].中国科学(D辑),43(8):1359-1364.
林春明,李艳丽,漆滨汶.2006.生物气研究现状与勘探前景[J].古地理学报,8(3):317-330.
林春明,钱奕中.1997.浙江沿海平原全新统气源岩特征及生物气形成的控制因素[J].沉积学报,15(s1):70-75.
刘洪林,李景明,王红岩,等.2006.浅议我国低煤阶地区的煤层气勘探思路[J].煤炭学报,31(1):50-53.
刘文汇,刘全有,徐永昌,等.2003.天然气地球化学数据的获取及应用[J].天然气地球科学,14(1):21-29.
马明侠.2010.松辽盆地北部浅层生物气形成条件及其资源潜力评价[D].北京:中国地质大学.
彭文利,薛冽,胡斌,等.2015.准噶尔盆地东部煤层气地质特征及有利区优选[J].非常规油气,2(5):7-12.
任战利.1998.中国北方沉积盆地构造热演化史恢复及其对比研究[D].西安:西北大学.
桑逢云.2015.国内外低阶煤煤层气开发现状和我国开发潜力研究[J].中国煤层气,12(3):7-9.
宋佩德,范莉,潘结南,等.2014."新郑矿区地下水类型及水源判别[J].煤矿安全,45(2):165-168.
孙斌,邵龙义,赵庆波,等.2008.二连盆地煤层气勘探目标评价[J].煤田地质与勘探,36(1):22-26.
孙粉锦,李五忠,孙钦平,等.2017.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷低煤阶煤层气勘探[J].石油学报,38(5):485-492.
孙平,刘洪林,巢海燕,等.2008.低煤阶煤层气勘探思路[J].天然气工业,28(3):19-22.
孙钦平,王生维,田文广,等.2018.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷低煤阶煤层气富集模式[J].天然气工业,38(4):59-66.
陶明信,王万春,解光新,等.2005.中国部分煤田发现的次生生物成因煤层气[J].科学通报,50(b10):14-18.
王晓锋,刘文汇,徐永昌,等.2006.不同成因天然气的氢同位素组成特征研究进展[J].天然气地球科学,17(2):163-169.
卫三元,秦明宽,李月湘,等.2006.二连盆地晚中生代以来构造沉积演化与铀成矿作用[J].铀矿地质,22(2):76-82.
徐永昌.1999.天然气地球化学研究及有关问题探讨[J].天然气地球科学,10(3):20-28.
叶欣.2007.中国西北低煤阶煤层气成藏地质特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
于鹏,石广洋,徐进军,等.2017.胜利露天煤矿防治水研究及综合治理[J].露天采矿技术,32(7):67-70.
张义纲,陈焕疆.1983.论生物气的生成和聚集[J].石油与天然气地质,4(2):160-170.
张道勇,朱杰,赵先良,等.2018.全国煤层气资源动态评价与可利用性分析[J].煤碳学报,43(6):1598-1604.
朱志敏,沈冰,崔洪庆,等.2007.阜新盆地煤层气成因分析[J].地质科技情报,26(3):69-72.
Flores R M,Rice C A,Stricker G D,et al.2008.Methanogenic pathways of coal-bed gas in the Powder River Basin,United States:The geologic factor[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,76(1):52-75.
Jenden P D and Kaplan I R.1986.Comparison of microbial gases from the Middle America Trench and Scripps Submarine Canyon:implications for the origin of natural gas[J].Applied Geochemistry,1(6):631-646.
Kotarba M J.2001.Composition and origin of coalbed gases in the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins,Poland[J].Organic Geochemistry,32(1):163-180.
Schoell M.1980.The hydrogen and carbon isotopic composition of methane from natural gases of various origins[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,44(5):649-661.
Scott A R.1994.Thermogenic and secondary biogenic gases,San Juan Basin,Colorado and New Mexico-implications for coalbed gas producibility[J].AmericanAssociationof PetroleumGeologistsBulletin,78(8):1186-1209.
Shigeta M,Takeda M,Koyama K,et al.1983.Genetic characterization of natural gas[J].Applied Entomology&Zoology,22(12):229-230.
Smith J W and Pallasser R J.1996.Microbial origin of Australian coalbed methane[J].Aapg Bulletin,80(6):891-897.
Whiticar M J.1999.Carbon and hydrogen isotope systematics of bacterial formation and oxidation of methane[J].Chemical Geology,161(1-3):291-314.
Whiticar M J,Faber E and Schoell M.1986.Biogenic methane formation in marine and freshwater environments:CO2reduction vs acetate fermentation-Isotope evidence[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,50(5):693-709.
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