不同控失剂用量的控失尿素对玉米产量及氮肥利用的影响
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摘要
以贵州省黄壤土为基础,以玉米品种西都森玉1号为试验材料,设置无氮肥、普通尿素及控失剂用量分别为1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%的控失尿素等8个处理,研究不同控失剂用量的控失尿素对玉米产量及氮肥利用的影响,旨在为当地玉米生产中合适控失剂用量控失尿素的选择提供参考。结果表明,与普通尿素相比,施用控失尿素处理玉米穗粒数、千粒质量和产量总体均显著增加,其中产量显著增加了14. 81%～25. 84%,以含4%～5%控失剂的控失尿素处理较高;施用控失尿素处理玉米籽粒干质量及地上部干质量均显著增加,其中地上部干质量增加了10. 52%～17. 49%,以含4%～5%控失剂的控失尿素处理较高;施用控失尿素处理玉米地上部氮积累量显著增加了19. 67%～32. 94%,磷积累量增加了0. 19%～33. 15%,钾积累量增加了2. 27%～18. 53%,总体以含3%～4%控失剂的控失尿素处理较好;施用控失尿素处理氮肥利用率显著增加了102. 38%～178. 57%,氮肥偏生产力显著增加了14. 81%～25. 89%,氮素收获指数增加了4. 66%～16. 12%,氮素吸收效率显著增加了19. 75%～32. 93%,氮肥农学效率显著增加了190. 98%～333. 90%,总体以含3%～4%控失剂的控失尿素处理较高。综合分析,以含4%控失剂的控失尿素效果较好。
Xidusenyu No. 1 was used as experimental material. Eight treatments were set up,which were treatment without nitrogen fertilizer,treatment with common urea,and treatments with controlled-release urea with 1%,2%,3%,4%,5% and 6% controlled-release agent,respectively. The effect of controlledrelease urea with different dosages of controlled-release agent on utilization of nitrogen fertilizer and yield of maize was studied based on yellow soil in Guizhou,so as to provide reference for the selection of controlled-release urea with appropriate dosage of controlled-release agent in local maize production. The results showed that,compared with common urea,grain number per ear,1 000-grain weight and yield of maize of the treatments with controlled-release urea were overall significantly increased,among which theyield was significantly increased by 14. 81% —25. 84%,the yield of the treatments with controlled-release urea with 4% —5% controlled-release agent were higher; the dry weight of grain and overground parts of the treatments with controlled-release urea were significantly increased,the dry weight of overground parts increased by 10. 52% —17. 49%,which were higher in the treatments with controlled-release urea with4% —5% controlled-release agent; the nitrogen accumulation of the treatments with controlled-release urea significantly increased by 19. 67% —32. 94%,the phosphorus accumulation increased by 0. 19% —33. 15%,the potassium accumulation increased by 2. 27% —18. 53%,which were higher in the treatments with controlled-release urea with 3% —4% controlled-release agent; nitrogen use efficiency of the treatments with controlled-release urea significantly increased by 102. 38% —178. 57%,nitrogen partial productivity significantly increased by 14. 81% —25. 89%,nitrogen harvest index increased by 4. 66% —16. 12%,nitrogen uptake efficiency significantly increased by 19. 75% —32. 93%,nitrogen agronomic efficiency significantly increased by 190. 98% —333. 90%,which were higher in the treatments with controlled-release urea with 3% —4% controlled-release agent. Overall,the treatment with controlled-release urea with 4% controlled-release agent was better.
Xidusenyu No. 1 was used as experimental material. Eight treatments were set up,which were treatment without nitrogen fertilizer,treatment with common urea,and treatments with controlled-release urea with 1%,2%,3%,4%,5% and 6% controlled-release agent,respectively. The effect of controlledrelease urea with different dosages of controlled-release agent on utilization of nitrogen fertilizer and yield of maize was studied based on yellow soil in Guizhou,so as to provide reference for the selection of controlled-release urea with appropriate dosage of controlled-release agent in local maize production. The results showed that,compared with common urea,grain number per ear,1 000-grain weight and yield of maize of the treatments with controlled-release urea were overall significantly increased,among which theyield was significantly increased by 14. 81% —25. 84%,the yield of the treatments with controlled-release urea with 4% —5% controlled-release agent were higher; the dry weight of grain and overground parts of the treatments with controlled-release urea were significantly increased,the dry weight of overground parts increased by 10. 52% —17. 49%,which were higher in the treatments with controlled-release urea with4% —5% controlled-release agent; the nitrogen accumulation of the treatments with controlled-release urea significantly increased by 19. 67% —32. 94%,the phosphorus accumulation increased by 0. 19% —33. 15%,the potassium accumulation increased by 2. 27% —18. 53%,which were higher in the treatments with controlled-release urea with 3% —4% controlled-release agent; nitrogen use efficiency of the treatments with controlled-release urea significantly increased by 102. 38% —178. 57%,nitrogen partial productivity significantly increased by 14. 81% —25. 89%,nitrogen harvest index increased by 4. 66% —16. 12%,nitrogen uptake efficiency significantly increased by 19. 75% —32. 93%,nitrogen agronomic efficiency significantly increased by 190. 98% —333. 90%,which were higher in the treatments with controlled-release urea with 3% —4% controlled-release agent. Overall,the treatment with controlled-release urea with 4% controlled-release agent was better.
引文
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[24]李志国,张润花,陈防,等.控失尿素对水旱轮作下水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018(1):23-27.
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