气温变化对CCBE防护层输水距离的影响
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摘要
具有毛细阻滞效果的CCBE(Covers with Capillary Barrier Effects,CCBE)防护层构建了一种简易的蓄排水系统,有利于植物护坡。人们定义CCBE层中粗粒土内的输水距离L_d来描述CCBE防护系统的蓄排水能力。影响坡面CCBE防护结构的蓄排水能力的因素有很多,主要探究气温及其变化对它的影响。数值计算结果发现,日均气温越高,对CCBE防护结构的蓄排水能力的影响就越大,输水距离也越大;日均温差对CCBE防护结构输水距离的影响较复杂,大概在4℃日均温差时,CCBE防护结构的输水距离达到最大。研究成果可以为防坡土开裂的CCBE防护系统的设计提供参考依据。
Cover with capillary barrier effects(CCBE) layer composes a simple system of rainfall discharge and storage, which is helpful for vegetated soil slope. The rainfall diversion length L_d along the coarse soil layer was usually defined to account the rainfall discharge and storage capacity of CCBE system, and it is affected by many factors. The influence of temperature and its change on the rainfall discharge and storage capacity of CCBE system by means of the rainfall diversion length L_d. The numerical simulation results show that the higher the daily mean temperature is, the larger the diversion length L_d is; but the effect of the daily temperature change is complicated, and around 4℃ the diversion length L_d is largest. Conclusions from this research can be useful for design and construction of other CCBE system on soil slope.
Cover with capillary barrier effects(CCBE) layer composes a simple system of rainfall discharge and storage, which is helpful for vegetated soil slope. The rainfall diversion length L_d along the coarse soil layer was usually defined to account the rainfall discharge and storage capacity of CCBE system, and it is affected by many factors. The influence of temperature and its change on the rainfall discharge and storage capacity of CCBE system by means of the rainfall diversion length L_d. The numerical simulation results show that the higher the daily mean temperature is, the larger the diversion length L_d is; but the effect of the daily temperature change is complicated, and around 4℃ the diversion length L_d is largest. Conclusions from this research can be useful for design and construction of other CCBE system on soil slope.
引文
[1] Stormont J C, Anderson C E. Capillary barrier effect from underlying coarser soil layer[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1999,125(8):641-648.
[2] Khire M V, Benson C H, Bosscher P J. Capillary barriers: Design variables and water balance[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2000,126(8):695-708.
[3] Stormont J C. The effectiveness of two capillary barriers on a 10% slope[J]. Geotechnical & Geological Engineering, 1996,14(4):243-267.
[4] Li J H, Du L, Chen R, et al. Numerical investigation of the performance of covers with capillary barrier effects in South China[J]. Computers & Geotechnics, 2013,48(48):304-315.
[5] Aubertin M, Cifuentes E, Martin V, et al. An investigation of factors that influence the water diversion capacity of inclined covers with capillary barrier effects[C]// Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils /Unsaturated Soils 2006, 147. Geotechnical Special Publication ,2006:613-624.
[6] Tami D, Rahardjo H, Leong E C, et al. Design and laboratory verification of a physical model of sloping capillary barrier[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2011,41(5):814-830.
[7] 黄月华,周成,李红梅.降雨中有植被覆盖土坡大孔隙结构对边坡稳定性的影响[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2018,16(3):132-137.
[8] 吴庆华,张家发,崔皓东,等.细/粗粒二元结构边坡的排水防渗效果试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(2):392-399.
[9] 黄月华,周成,李红梅.膨胀土边坡中CBS防护系统的计算模拟[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2017,15(5):82-87.
[10] Rahardjo H, Santoso V A, Leong E C, et al. Performance of an instrumented slope covered by a capillary barrier system[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2011,138(4):481-490.
[11] Rahardjo H, Santosov A, Leonge C, et al. Use of recycled crushed concrete and secudrain in capillary barriers for slope stabilization[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2013,50(6):662-673.
[12] Rahardjo H, Satyanaga A, Harnas F R, et al. Use of dual capillary barrier as cover system for a sanitary landfill in singapore[J]. Indian Geotechnical Journal, 2016,46(3):228-238.
[13] Rahardjo H, Leong E C, Alfrendo S, et al. Rainfall-induced Slope Failure and Preventive Measures in Singapore[M]. Singapore. Nanyang Technological University, 2014.
[14] Morris C E, Stormont J C. Parametric study of unsaturated drainage layers in a capillary barrier[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1999,125(12):1057-1065.
[15] Cifuentes E, Aubertin M, Chapuis R P, et al. Analysis of the water diversion length of inclined, layered soil covers[C]//Proceedings of the 59th Canadian Geotechnical Conference and the 7th Joint CGS/IAH-CNC Groundwater Specialty Conference,Sea to Sky Geotechnique,Vancouver, B.C,1-4 October 2006. Canadian Geotechnique Society Richmond, B.C. pp. 1744-1749.
[16] Ng C W W, Coo J L, Chen Z K, et al. Water infiltration into a new three-layer landfill cover system[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016,142(5):04016007.
[17] Aubertin M, Cifuentes E, Apithy S A, et al. Analysis of water diversion along inclined covers with capillary barrier effects[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2009,46(10):1146-1164.
[18] Steenhuis T S, Parlange J, Kung K S. Comment on the diversion capacity of capillary barriers by Benjamin Ross[J]. Water Resources Research, 1991,27(8):2155-2156.
[19] Calgary, Alberta. Vadose Zone Modeling with VADOSE/W 2007[M]. Canada: GEO-SLOPE International Ltd, 2008.
[20] Fredlund D G, Rahardjo H, Fredlund M D. Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice[M]. USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[21] 邱清文,张文杰.湿润气候区带膨润土垫ET 封顶的性能分析[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(S2):190-193.
[22] 焦卫国,詹良通,兰吉武,等.黄土-碎石覆盖层毛细阻滞效应及设计厚度分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(11):2128-2134.
[23] 黄月华.膨胀土边坡中CCBE防护构的试验与计算模拟[D].成都:四川大学,2018.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1144.2019.01.023第17卷第1期
2019年2月水利与建筑工程学报Journal of Water Resources and Architectural EngineeringVol.17 No.1Feb.,2019
[2] Khire M V, Benson C H, Bosscher P J. Capillary barriers: Design variables and water balance[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2000,126(8):695-708.
[3] Stormont J C. The effectiveness of two capillary barriers on a 10% slope[J]. Geotechnical & Geological Engineering, 1996,14(4):243-267.
[4] Li J H, Du L, Chen R, et al. Numerical investigation of the performance of covers with capillary barrier effects in South China[J]. Computers & Geotechnics, 2013,48(48):304-315.
[5] Aubertin M, Cifuentes E, Martin V, et al. An investigation of factors that influence the water diversion capacity of inclined covers with capillary barrier effects[C]// Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils /Unsaturated Soils 2006, 147. Geotechnical Special Publication ,2006:613-624.
[6] Tami D, Rahardjo H, Leong E C, et al. Design and laboratory verification of a physical model of sloping capillary barrier[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2011,41(5):814-830.
[7] 黄月华,周成,李红梅.降雨中有植被覆盖土坡大孔隙结构对边坡稳定性的影响[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2018,16(3):132-137.
[8] 吴庆华,张家发,崔皓东,等.细/粗粒二元结构边坡的排水防渗效果试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(2):392-399.
[9] 黄月华,周成,李红梅.膨胀土边坡中CBS防护系统的计算模拟[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2017,15(5):82-87.
[10] Rahardjo H, Santoso V A, Leong E C, et al. Performance of an instrumented slope covered by a capillary barrier system[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2011,138(4):481-490.
[11] Rahardjo H, Santosov A, Leonge C, et al. Use of recycled crushed concrete and secudrain in capillary barriers for slope stabilization[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2013,50(6):662-673.
[12] Rahardjo H, Satyanaga A, Harnas F R, et al. Use of dual capillary barrier as cover system for a sanitary landfill in singapore[J]. Indian Geotechnical Journal, 2016,46(3):228-238.
[13] Rahardjo H, Leong E C, Alfrendo S, et al. Rainfall-induced Slope Failure and Preventive Measures in Singapore[M]. Singapore. Nanyang Technological University, 2014.
[14] Morris C E, Stormont J C. Parametric study of unsaturated drainage layers in a capillary barrier[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1999,125(12):1057-1065.
[15] Cifuentes E, Aubertin M, Chapuis R P, et al. Analysis of the water diversion length of inclined, layered soil covers[C]//Proceedings of the 59th Canadian Geotechnical Conference and the 7th Joint CGS/IAH-CNC Groundwater Specialty Conference,Sea to Sky Geotechnique,Vancouver, B.C,1-4 October 2006. Canadian Geotechnique Society Richmond, B.C. pp. 1744-1749.
[16] Ng C W W, Coo J L, Chen Z K, et al. Water infiltration into a new three-layer landfill cover system[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016,142(5):04016007.
[17] Aubertin M, Cifuentes E, Apithy S A, et al. Analysis of water diversion along inclined covers with capillary barrier effects[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2009,46(10):1146-1164.
[18] Steenhuis T S, Parlange J, Kung K S. Comment on the diversion capacity of capillary barriers by Benjamin Ross[J]. Water Resources Research, 1991,27(8):2155-2156.
[19] Calgary, Alberta. Vadose Zone Modeling with VADOSE/W 2007[M]. Canada: GEO-SLOPE International Ltd, 2008.
[20] Fredlund D G, Rahardjo H, Fredlund M D. Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice[M]. USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[21] 邱清文,张文杰.湿润气候区带膨润土垫ET 封顶的性能分析[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(S2):190-193.
[22] 焦卫国,詹良通,兰吉武,等.黄土-碎石覆盖层毛细阻滞效应及设计厚度分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(11):2128-2134.
[23] 黄月华.膨胀土边坡中CCBE防护构的试验与计算模拟[D].成都:四川大学,2018.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1144.2019.01.023第17卷第1期
2019年2月水利与建筑工程学报Journal of Water Resources and Architectural EngineeringVol.17 No.1Feb.,2019