某院下呼吸道医院内感染患者的调查分析及对策
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摘要
目的了解某院患者下呼吸道医院内感染的状况,探讨其发生的原因。为临床治疗和防控医院内感染提供依据和对策。方法对重庆市九龙坡区人民医院2013年1—12月收治的6 425例住院患者中发生下呼吸道医院内感染189例患者的临床资料进行分析。了解下呼吸道感染与患者年龄、性别、住院时间、基础疾病、抗菌药物使用、实施侵入性操作、感染病原菌分布的关系。结果年龄小于60岁的患者感染54例(28.6%),≥60岁的患者感染135例(71.4%);感染率高的患者前3种疾病分别为:颅脑损伤及病变、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、消化系统疾病;应用高效广谱抗菌药物125例;实施侵入性操作122例;在101株感染病原菌中前3位分别为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌。结论下呼吸道医院内感染主要与患者年龄、住院时间、基础疾病有关,特别是使用高效广谱抗菌药物、实施侵入性操作的患者更易发生。
Objective To understand the situation of infection in the lower respiratory tract hospital of a hospital,and discussed the reasons for its occurrence. Provide basis and countermeasure for clinical treatment and prevention and control of infection in hospital. Methods The clinical data of 189 patients in the lower respiratory tract hospital were analyzed in 6 425 patients admitted to the Chongqing Jiulongpo People′s Hospital from January to December 2013. To understand the relationship between respiratory tract infection and patient age,gender,hospital time,basic disease,application of antimicrobial agents,invasive operation,and distribution of pathogenic bacteria. Results Atotal of 54 cases(28.6%)of patients with age < 60 years,and 135 cases(71.4%)with patients aged 60 years or older. Patients with high infection rate had three diseases:craniocerebral injury and pathological changes,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and digestive diseases;the application of effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs in 125 cases;the invasive operation was performed in 122 cases;in the 101 strains pathogenic bacteria infection of the top three were Klebsiella pneumonia,Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii,respectively.Conclusion The lower respiratory tract cross-infection within a hospital is associated with age of the patients,hospitalization time,primary diseases,especially using efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents,and the implementation of invasive operation patients are more likely to happen.
Objective To understand the situation of infection in the lower respiratory tract hospital of a hospital,and discussed the reasons for its occurrence. Provide basis and countermeasure for clinical treatment and prevention and control of infection in hospital. Methods The clinical data of 189 patients in the lower respiratory tract hospital were analyzed in 6 425 patients admitted to the Chongqing Jiulongpo People′s Hospital from January to December 2013. To understand the relationship between respiratory tract infection and patient age,gender,hospital time,basic disease,application of antimicrobial agents,invasive operation,and distribution of pathogenic bacteria. Results Atotal of 54 cases(28.6%)of patients with age < 60 years,and 135 cases(71.4%)with patients aged 60 years or older. Patients with high infection rate had three diseases:craniocerebral injury and pathological changes,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and digestive diseases;the application of effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs in 125 cases;the invasive operation was performed in 122 cases;in the 101 strains pathogenic bacteria infection of the top three were Klebsiella pneumonia,Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii,respectively.Conclusion The lower respiratory tract cross-infection within a hospital is associated with age of the patients,hospitalization time,primary diseases,especially using efficient broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents,and the implementation of invasive operation patients are more likely to happen.
引文
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[10]汤小燕,罗祥文,金秀花.呼吸道感染病原菌的变化及耐药性分析[J].临床肺科杂志,2011,16(7):1036-1038.
[11]陈明纯,姚展成.重症监护病房医院感染调查及对策[J].现代临床护理,2004,3(3):13-15.
[12]李琳琴,刘宝兰,徐芹珍.新发急性呼吸道传染菌的感染控制及护理[J].护士进修杂志,2012,25(6):203-204.
[13]吕锡丽.ICU医院感染相关因素分析与护理对策[J].医药世界,2009,11(5):141-142.
[2]杨显斌,郑文芳.下呼吸道医院感染监测与相关因素分析[J].长治医院学院学报,2007,21(5):385-387.
[3]UMEDA K,HATAKEYAMA R,ABE T,et al.Distribution of Capnocytophaga canimorsus in dogs and cats with genetic characterization of isolates[J].Vet Microbiol,2014,171(1/2):153-159.
[4]彭风华.呼吸内科患者下呼吸道感染因素及预防对策分析[J].中外健康文摘,2014(15):196-197.
[5]许春燕.老年患者医院感染情况调查分析及对策[J].现代临床护理,2008,7(9):13-15.
[6]罗祥文.假丝酵母菌感染的临床分布及耐药性分析[J].临床肺科杂志,2012,17(9):1595-1597.
[7]朱献慧,张忆敬,丁斌斌.影响老年人下呼吸道感染预后的因素及分析[J].中国全科医生,2005,8(3):235.
[8]Daniel A,Euler C,Collin M,et al.Synergism between a novel chimeric lysin and oxacillin protects against infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2010,54(4):1603-1612.
[9]吴凡,吴安.美国HICPAC医疗保健机构多药耐药菌管理指南(2006)[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2008,18(4):插1-插2.
[10]汤小燕,罗祥文,金秀花.呼吸道感染病原菌的变化及耐药性分析[J].临床肺科杂志,2011,16(7):1036-1038.
[11]陈明纯,姚展成.重症监护病房医院感染调查及对策[J].现代临床护理,2004,3(3):13-15.
[12]李琳琴,刘宝兰,徐芹珍.新发急性呼吸道传染菌的感染控制及护理[J].护士进修杂志,2012,25(6):203-204.
[13]吕锡丽.ICU医院感染相关因素分析与护理对策[J].医药世界,2009,11(5):141-142.