长期老化对基质沥青与SBS改性沥青化学组成、形貌及流变性能的影响
|
摘要
为探究基质沥青和SBS改性沥青不同长期老化过程中化学组成、形貌及流变性能的变化,研究了紫外(UV)老化与压力老化箱(PAV)加速沥青老化试验对基质沥青与苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性沥青物理和流变性能的影响,采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和原子力显微镜(AFM)探讨了长期老化过程中2种沥青化学组成与形貌的变化。研究结果表明:老化后2种沥青黏度均增大,抗剪切变形能力提高,沥青中的弹性成分增加,基质沥青的性能变化比SBS改性沥青更为明显;老化后改性沥青羰基指数增加幅度更大,SBS分子数量明显减少,改性沥青平均分子量比基质沥青变得更大,尤其PAV老化后SBS改性沥青中大分子比率明显增加;老化后沥青表面的典型蜂状结构遭到破坏,蜂状结构的数量和尺寸有较大变化。对于蜂相区域,2种沥青UV老化后,表面粗糙度变化较小,而PAV老化后,表面粗糙度显著增加;对于平滑相区域,SBS改性沥青表面粗糙度老化前后无显著变化,基质沥青表面粗糙度老化后降低,并且PAV老化后粗糙度比UV老化降低更明显;基质沥青和SBS改性沥青PAV老化后老化程度明显高于UV老化,且添加SBS改性剂能提高沥青长期抗热氧老化方面性能,对长期抗光氧老化方面性能的提升不明显。
To explore the change in chemical structure, morphology, and rheology performance of a base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, the influence of ultraviolet(UV) aging and accelerated aging testing of asphalt binder using a pressurized aging vessel(PAV) on the physical performance and rheology of a base asphalt and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer(SBS) modified asphalt were investigated. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and atom force microscopy were used to analyze the chemical structure and molecular weight distribution. The results show that the viscosity of two types of asphalt increase after aging, and the shear-resistant properties are enhanced after aging with more elasticity. Moreover, the performance changes of the base asphalt are more noticeable when compared with SBS modified asphalt. The carbonyl index of the modified asphalt shows a larger increase, the SBS copolymers show a significant reduction, and the average molecular weight of the modified asphalt is larger than that of the base asphalt. In addition, typical bee-like structures of the asphalt surface show a tendency toward degradation, and the amount and size of the bee-like structures change significantly. Based on the roughness, with respect to the bee-like phase region, the surface roughness of the two types of asphalts does not show a clear variation after UV aging, but show a significant increase after PAV aging. Moreover, with respect to the smooth phase region, the surface roughness of the modified asphalt does not show a clear variation, although the surface roughness of the base asphalt decreases more clearly after PAV aging as compared with UV aging. It can also be seen that the degree of PAV aging of the base asphalt and the SBS modified asphalt is more serious than that of the UV aging, and the introduction of an SBS modifier can improve the long-term thermal-oxidative aging resistance of the asphalt, while clearly not weakening its long-term photo-oxidation aging resistance.
To explore the change in chemical structure, morphology, and rheology performance of a base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, the influence of ultraviolet(UV) aging and accelerated aging testing of asphalt binder using a pressurized aging vessel(PAV) on the physical performance and rheology of a base asphalt and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer(SBS) modified asphalt were investigated. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and atom force microscopy were used to analyze the chemical structure and molecular weight distribution. The results show that the viscosity of two types of asphalt increase after aging, and the shear-resistant properties are enhanced after aging with more elasticity. Moreover, the performance changes of the base asphalt are more noticeable when compared with SBS modified asphalt. The carbonyl index of the modified asphalt shows a larger increase, the SBS copolymers show a significant reduction, and the average molecular weight of the modified asphalt is larger than that of the base asphalt. In addition, typical bee-like structures of the asphalt surface show a tendency toward degradation, and the amount and size of the bee-like structures change significantly. Based on the roughness, with respect to the bee-like phase region, the surface roughness of the two types of asphalts does not show a clear variation after UV aging, but show a significant increase after PAV aging. Moreover, with respect to the smooth phase region, the surface roughness of the modified asphalt does not show a clear variation, although the surface roughness of the base asphalt decreases more clearly after PAV aging as compared with UV aging. It can also be seen that the degree of PAV aging of the base asphalt and the SBS modified asphalt is more serious than that of the UV aging, and the introduction of an SBS modifier can improve the long-term thermal-oxidative aging resistance of the asphalt, while clearly not weakening its long-term photo-oxidation aging resistance.
引文
[1] 黄晓明,吴少鹏,赵永利.沥青与沥青混合料[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2002. HUANG Xiao-ming,WU Shao-peng,ZHAO Yong-li.Asphalt and asphalt mixtures[M].Nanjing:Southeast University Press,2002.
[2] 王明,刘黎萍,吴后选.SBS改性沥青显微相态与宏观性能相关性研究[J].建筑材料学报,2016,19(1):119-123. WANG Ming,LIU Li-ping,WU Hou-xuan.Correlation between phase microstructure and macroscopic performance of SBS modified bitumen[J].Journal of Building Materials,2016,19(1):119-123.
[3] LU X,ISACSSON U.Effect of aging on bitumen chemistry and rheology[J].Construction and Building Materials,2002,16(1):15-22.
[4] 原健安,周吉萍,李玉珍.SBS与沥青的相互作用性分析[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):21-26. YUAN Jian-an,ZHOU Ji-ping,LI Yu-zhen.Analysis of interaction between SBS and asphalt[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2005,18(4):21-26.
[5] RUAN Y,DAVISON R R,GLOVER C J.The effect of long-term oxidation on the rheological properties of polymer modified asphalts[J].Fuel,2003,82(14):1763-1773.
[6] 谭忆秋,王佳妮,冯中良,等.沥青结合料紫外老化机理[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(1):19-24. TAN Yi-qiu,WANG Jia-ni,FENG Zhong-liang,et al.Ultraviolet aging mechanism of asphalt binder[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2008,21(1):19-24.
[7] WU S,PANG L,LIU G,et al.Laboratory study on ultraviolet radiation aging of bitumen[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2010,22(8):767-772.
[8] CHEN Z,ZHANG H,SHI C,et al.Rheological performance investigation and sustainability evaluation of asphalt binder with thermoschromic powders under solar radiation[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2019,191:175-182.
[9] LEE S J,AMIRKHANIAN S N,SHATANAWI K,et al.Short-term aging characterization of asphalt binders using gel permeation chromatography and selected superpave binder tests[J].Construction and Building Materials,2008,22(11):2220-2227.
[10] ZHANG H,CHEN Z,XU G,et al.Physical,rheological and chemical characterization of aging behaviors of thermochromic asphalt binder[J].Fuel,2018,211:850-858.
[11] 蔡健,石鹏程,韩静云,等.基于FTIR的改性沥青中SBS含量精确测试研究[J].公路,2016(3):176-187. CAI Jian,SHI Peng-cheng,HAN Jing-yun,et al.Measurement and analysis of SBS content for modified asphalt based on FTIR[J].Highway,2016(3):176-187.
[12] MENAPACE I,MASAD E.Evolution of the microstructure of unmodified and polymer modified asphalt binders with aging in an accelerated weathering tester[J].Journal of Microscopy,2016,263(3):341-356.
[13] ZHANG H L,YU J Y,FENG Z G,et al.Effect of aging on the morphology of bitumen by atomic force microscopy[J].Journal of Microscopy,2012,246(1):11-19.
[14] LYNE A L,WALLQVIST V,BIRGISSON B.Adhesive surface characteristics of bitumen binders investigated by atomic force microscopy[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,135:411-419.
[15] 王鹏,董泽蛟,谭忆秋,等.基于分子模拟的沥青蜂状结构成因探究[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(3):10-16. WANG Peng,DONG Ze-Jiao,TAN Yi-qiu,et al.Research on the formation mechanism of bee-like structures[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2016,29(3):10-16.
[16] ALLEN R G,LITTLE D N,BHASIN A.Identification of the composite relaxation modulus of asphalt binder using AFM nano indentation[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2013,25(4):530-539.
[17] 谭忆秋,郭猛,曹丽萍.常用改性剂对沥青粘弹特性的影响[J].中国公路学报,2013,26(4):7-15. TAN Yi-qiu,GUO Meng,CAO Li-ping.Effect of common modifiers on viscoelastic properties of asphalt[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2013,26(4):7-15.
[18] ZHAO Y,GU F,XU J.Analysis of aging mechanism of SBS polymer modified asphalt based on Fourier transform infrared spectrum[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology:Materials Science Edition,2010,25(6):1047-1052.
[19] ZHANG D,ZHANG H,SHI C.Investigation of aging performance of SBS modified asphalt with various aging methods[J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,145:445-451.
[20] SHEN J,AMIRKHANIAN S N,LEE S J.HP-GPC characterization of rejuvenated aged CRM binders[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2007,19:515-522.
[21] WOO J W,JACOB M H,CHARLES J G.Loss of polymer-modified binder durability with oxidative aging:Base binder stiffening versus polymer degradation[J].Transportation Research Record,2007(1998):38-46.
[22] 原健安,李玉珍,周吉萍.SBS改性沥青的两种典型亚微观结构[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(5):19-24. YUAN Jian-an,LI Yu-zhen,ZHOU Ji-ping.Two typical microscope structures of SBS modified asphalt[J].Journal of Chang’an University:Natural Science Edition,2005,25(5):19-24.
[2] 王明,刘黎萍,吴后选.SBS改性沥青显微相态与宏观性能相关性研究[J].建筑材料学报,2016,19(1):119-123. WANG Ming,LIU Li-ping,WU Hou-xuan.Correlation between phase microstructure and macroscopic performance of SBS modified bitumen[J].Journal of Building Materials,2016,19(1):119-123.
[3] LU X,ISACSSON U.Effect of aging on bitumen chemistry and rheology[J].Construction and Building Materials,2002,16(1):15-22.
[4] 原健安,周吉萍,李玉珍.SBS与沥青的相互作用性分析[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):21-26. YUAN Jian-an,ZHOU Ji-ping,LI Yu-zhen.Analysis of interaction between SBS and asphalt[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2005,18(4):21-26.
[5] RUAN Y,DAVISON R R,GLOVER C J.The effect of long-term oxidation on the rheological properties of polymer modified asphalts[J].Fuel,2003,82(14):1763-1773.
[6] 谭忆秋,王佳妮,冯中良,等.沥青结合料紫外老化机理[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(1):19-24. TAN Yi-qiu,WANG Jia-ni,FENG Zhong-liang,et al.Ultraviolet aging mechanism of asphalt binder[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2008,21(1):19-24.
[7] WU S,PANG L,LIU G,et al.Laboratory study on ultraviolet radiation aging of bitumen[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2010,22(8):767-772.
[8] CHEN Z,ZHANG H,SHI C,et al.Rheological performance investigation and sustainability evaluation of asphalt binder with thermoschromic powders under solar radiation[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2019,191:175-182.
[9] LEE S J,AMIRKHANIAN S N,SHATANAWI K,et al.Short-term aging characterization of asphalt binders using gel permeation chromatography and selected superpave binder tests[J].Construction and Building Materials,2008,22(11):2220-2227.
[10] ZHANG H,CHEN Z,XU G,et al.Physical,rheological and chemical characterization of aging behaviors of thermochromic asphalt binder[J].Fuel,2018,211:850-858.
[11] 蔡健,石鹏程,韩静云,等.基于FTIR的改性沥青中SBS含量精确测试研究[J].公路,2016(3):176-187. CAI Jian,SHI Peng-cheng,HAN Jing-yun,et al.Measurement and analysis of SBS content for modified asphalt based on FTIR[J].Highway,2016(3):176-187.
[12] MENAPACE I,MASAD E.Evolution of the microstructure of unmodified and polymer modified asphalt binders with aging in an accelerated weathering tester[J].Journal of Microscopy,2016,263(3):341-356.
[13] ZHANG H L,YU J Y,FENG Z G,et al.Effect of aging on the morphology of bitumen by atomic force microscopy[J].Journal of Microscopy,2012,246(1):11-19.
[14] LYNE A L,WALLQVIST V,BIRGISSON B.Adhesive surface characteristics of bitumen binders investigated by atomic force microscopy[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,135:411-419.
[15] 王鹏,董泽蛟,谭忆秋,等.基于分子模拟的沥青蜂状结构成因探究[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(3):10-16. WANG Peng,DONG Ze-Jiao,TAN Yi-qiu,et al.Research on the formation mechanism of bee-like structures[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2016,29(3):10-16.
[16] ALLEN R G,LITTLE D N,BHASIN A.Identification of the composite relaxation modulus of asphalt binder using AFM nano indentation[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2013,25(4):530-539.
[17] 谭忆秋,郭猛,曹丽萍.常用改性剂对沥青粘弹特性的影响[J].中国公路学报,2013,26(4):7-15. TAN Yi-qiu,GUO Meng,CAO Li-ping.Effect of common modifiers on viscoelastic properties of asphalt[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2013,26(4):7-15.
[18] ZHAO Y,GU F,XU J.Analysis of aging mechanism of SBS polymer modified asphalt based on Fourier transform infrared spectrum[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology:Materials Science Edition,2010,25(6):1047-1052.
[19] ZHANG D,ZHANG H,SHI C.Investigation of aging performance of SBS modified asphalt with various aging methods[J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,145:445-451.
[20] SHEN J,AMIRKHANIAN S N,LEE S J.HP-GPC characterization of rejuvenated aged CRM binders[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2007,19:515-522.
[21] WOO J W,JACOB M H,CHARLES J G.Loss of polymer-modified binder durability with oxidative aging:Base binder stiffening versus polymer degradation[J].Transportation Research Record,2007(1998):38-46.
[22] 原健安,李玉珍,周吉萍.SBS改性沥青的两种典型亚微观结构[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(5):19-24. YUAN Jian-an,LI Yu-zhen,ZHOU Ji-ping.Two typical microscope structures of SBS modified asphalt[J].Journal of Chang’an University:Natural Science Edition,2005,25(5):19-24.