春用多丝量家蚕品种金·兰×铭·晖的育成
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摘要
采用杂交与系统选育等育种方法,结合春、秋季不同气候条件和叶质条件交替选育技术,兼顾茧丝质和健康性,育成了茧丝质优良的家蚕新品种"金"、"兰"、"铭"、"晖",并采用不完全双列杂交进行配合力测试,筛选出春用多丝量四元杂交组合金·兰×铭·晖。经四川省级实验室及农村区域鉴定表明,该杂交组合饲养容易,产量高,茧层厚,丝量多,丝质优良。在四川省实验室共同鉴定试验中,金·兰×铭·晖的虫蛹统一生命率(95.75%)与对照品种菁松×皓月相当,万蚕收茧量、万蚕茧层量、鲜毛茧出丝率和洁净分别比对照提高6.26%、10.51%、0.63百分点、0.86分,茧丝纤度均方差比对照小5.82%,综合经济性状超过对照品种。该品种于2015年通过四川省家蚕品种审定委员会审定,适宜在四川蚕区及长江中下游蚕区春季饲养。
Taking cocoon silk quality and health into consideration, new silkworm varieties(Jin, Lan, Ming and Hui) with excellent cocoon silk quality were bred using the breeding methods of hybridization and pedigree separation in combination of alternative selection techniques based on different climate condition and leaf quality in spring and autumn. Then, hypersilkgeneous quaternary hybrid Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui for spring rearing was screened by analyzing the combination ability in incomplete diallel hybrid test. The results of laboratory identification and rural production test in Sichuan Province showed that the new silkworm variety was easy to rear with high yield, thick cocoon layer, large quantity and excellent quality of silk. The larva-pupa rate of Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui was 95.75%, which was equal to that of the control variety Jingsong×Haoyue. In laboratory co-identification test, the cocoon yield per 10 000 larvae, cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae, raw silk rate of fresh cocoon and neatness of Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui increased by 6.26%, 10.51%, 0.63 percentage points and 0.86 points compared with those of the control variety, while the mean square deviation of cocoon filament size decreased by 5.82%. The comprehensive economic characteristic of Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui exceeded the control variety. Approved by Silkworm Variety Evaluation Commission of Sichuan Province in 2015, it is suitable for rearing in sericultural areas of Sichuan Province and in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in spring.
Taking cocoon silk quality and health into consideration, new silkworm varieties(Jin, Lan, Ming and Hui) with excellent cocoon silk quality were bred using the breeding methods of hybridization and pedigree separation in combination of alternative selection techniques based on different climate condition and leaf quality in spring and autumn. Then, hypersilkgeneous quaternary hybrid Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui for spring rearing was screened by analyzing the combination ability in incomplete diallel hybrid test. The results of laboratory identification and rural production test in Sichuan Province showed that the new silkworm variety was easy to rear with high yield, thick cocoon layer, large quantity and excellent quality of silk. The larva-pupa rate of Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui was 95.75%, which was equal to that of the control variety Jingsong×Haoyue. In laboratory co-identification test, the cocoon yield per 10 000 larvae, cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae, raw silk rate of fresh cocoon and neatness of Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui increased by 6.26%, 10.51%, 0.63 percentage points and 0.86 points compared with those of the control variety, while the mean square deviation of cocoon filament size decreased by 5.82%. The comprehensive economic characteristic of Jin·Lan×Ming·Hui exceeded the control variety. Approved by Silkworm Variety Evaluation Commission of Sichuan Province in 2015, it is suitable for rearing in sericultural areas of Sichuan Province and in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in spring.
引文
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[3] 张志兰,卢建珍,韩红发,等.天然彩色茧蚕品种“彩茧1号”比较试验[J].中国蚕业,2010,31(2):18-20
[4] 徐安英,林昌麒,钱荷英,等.耐家蚕核型多角体病毒病蚕品种“华康2号”的育成[J].蚕业科学,2013,39(2):275-282
[5] 祝新荣,何克荣,黄建辉,等.春秋兼用雄蚕新品种夏华×平8的选育[J].蚕业科学,2003,29(1):95-98
[6] 向仲怀.家蚕遗传育种[M].北京:农业科技出版社,1994:187-210
[7] 司马杨虎,何斯美,钱荷英,等.家蚕茧丝量性状和生命力性状的综合选择研究[J].蚕业科学,2007,33(1):646-649
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