柱状炮孔端部爆生裂纹动态扩展力学行为研究
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摘要
采用动态焦散线实验和ABAQUS数值分析方法,研究单柱状炮孔、同时起爆的不同间距双柱状炮孔端部爆生裂纹动态断裂行为及周围应力场分布,明确炮孔端部裂纹的扩展规律。结果表明:较之单孔爆炸,双孔爆炸产生的应力场在炮孔间叠加,使炮孔间更易形成径向裂纹,增大炮孔间的破碎程度,单孔端部裂纹的扩展速度及应力强度因子介于双孔内侧与外侧端部爆生裂纹之间;双柱状炮孔端部近端垂线方向上,炮孔间以压应力为主,对相邻炮孔爆生裂纹的相向扩展具有抑制作用,随炮孔间距减小,裂纹止裂越早、扩展长度越短;双柱状炮孔端部外侧远区,在t=0～90μs,孔间和孔外在爆炸应力波叠加作用下表现为拉压交替变化的特征,随后主要表现为拉应力,炮孔外侧端部爆生裂纹曲裂程度大,具有短暂的"止裂"到再起裂阶段,随炮孔间距减小,曲裂发生时间越早,"止裂"到再起裂时间提前,裂纹长度无显著变化,但均大于单孔端部爆生裂纹长度。
Dynamic caustics test and ABAQUS numerical analysis method were used to study the dynamic fracture behaviors and the stress field distribution of burst cracks at the end of single cylinder and double cylinder blastholes with different spacings at simultaneous initiation. The law of crack propagation at the end of blastholes was investigated. The results show that,compared with single hole explosion,the stress field produced by double cylinder blasthole explosion superimposes between the blastholes,which makes the radial cracks more easily form between the boreholes and increases the breakage degree between the blastholes. The propagation velocity and the stress intensity factor of the cracks at the end of single hole are between the inner and outer ends of the double holes. In the vertical direction near the end of the double cylinder blasthole,the compressive stress between the blastholes play a dominant role,which inhibits the relative propagation of the explosive cracks in the adjacent blastholes. The smaller the blasthole spacing,the earlier the crack arrests and the shorter the propagation length. In the far area outside the end of the double cylinder blasthole,the superposition action of explosive stress waves between and outside the holes is characterized by alternation change of tension and compression at t = 0—90 us,and then appears in tension mainly. The blasting crack at the outer end of the blasthole has a large curvature degree and has a short stage from crack arrest to re-initiation. The smaller the hole spacing,the earlier the curvature occurs and the earlier the transition from crack arrest to re-initiation. The crack length has no significant change,but it is larger than the crack length at the end of single hole.
Dynamic caustics test and ABAQUS numerical analysis method were used to study the dynamic fracture behaviors and the stress field distribution of burst cracks at the end of single cylinder and double cylinder blastholes with different spacings at simultaneous initiation. The law of crack propagation at the end of blastholes was investigated. The results show that,compared with single hole explosion,the stress field produced by double cylinder blasthole explosion superimposes between the blastholes,which makes the radial cracks more easily form between the boreholes and increases the breakage degree between the blastholes. The propagation velocity and the stress intensity factor of the cracks at the end of single hole are between the inner and outer ends of the double holes. In the vertical direction near the end of the double cylinder blasthole,the compressive stress between the blastholes play a dominant role,which inhibits the relative propagation of the explosive cracks in the adjacent blastholes. The smaller the blasthole spacing,the earlier the crack arrests and the shorter the propagation length. In the far area outside the end of the double cylinder blasthole,the superposition action of explosive stress waves between and outside the holes is characterized by alternation change of tension and compression at t = 0—90 us,and then appears in tension mainly. The blasting crack at the outer end of the blasthole has a large curvature degree and has a short stage from crack arrest to re-initiation. The smaller the hole spacing,the earlier the curvature occurs and the earlier the transition from crack arrest to re-initiation. The crack length has no significant change,but it is larger than the crack length at the end of single hole.
引文
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[9]邓志勇,张志毅,王中黔.条形药包端部爆炸应力场的动光弹试验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1996,(1):86-90.(DENG Zhiyong,ZHANGZhiyi,WANG Zhongqian.Dynamic photoelastic experimental study on the explosive stress field at the end of a strip charge[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1996,(1):86-90.(in Chinese))
[10]孙海利.基于ANSYS/Ls-dyna仿真模拟对条形药包爆破地震效应的研究[硕士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2015.(SUN Haili.Then study of linear charge blasting seismic effect based on ansys/ls-dyna simulation[M.S.Thesis][D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2015.(in Chinese))
[11]彭建宇,李元辉,张凤鹏,等.单向静载下柱状药包爆破裂纹扩展规律及机制[J].中国矿业,2017,26(1):88-91.(PENG Jianyu,LI Yuanhui,ZHANG Fengpeng,et al.Crack propagation rule and mechanism of cylindrical blasting under uniaxial static load[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(1):88-91.(in Chinese))
[12]杨仁树,丁晨曦,王雁冰,等.爆炸应力波与爆生气体对被爆介质作用效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增2):3 501-3 506.(YANG Renshu,DING Chenxiao,WANG Yanbing,et al.Study on the effect of explosive stress wave and explosive gas on exploded medium[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Supp.2):3 501-3 506.(in Chinese))
[13]李清,于强,朱各勇,等.不同药量的切缝药包双孔爆破裂纹扩展规律试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(9):2 205-2 212.(LI Qing,YU Qiang,ZHU Geyong,et al.Experimental study of crack propagation under two-hole slotted cartridge blasting with different amounts of charge[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(9):2 205-2 212.(in Chinese))
[14]宋俊生,王雁冰,高祥涛,等.定向断裂控制爆破机理及应用[J].矿业科学学报,2016,1(1):16-28.(SONG Junsheng,WANGYanbing,GAO Xiangtao,et al.The mechanism of directional fracture controlled blasting and its application[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,1(1):16-28.(in Chinese))
[15]郭东明,刘康,罗浪,等.爆炸载荷下邻近硐室迎爆侧原先裂纹扩展机理研究[J].矿业科学学报,2017,2(4):348-356.(GUODongming,LIU Kang,LUO Lang,et al.Growth mechanism of original crack facing the blasting side of adjacent tunnel under the blasting load[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,2(4):348-356.(in Chinese))
[16]CHONG K P,KURUPPU M D.New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials[J].International Journal of Fracture,1984,26(2):R59-R62.
[17]郭洋.条形药包爆破物理过程及动态断裂力学特性试验研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国矿业大学,2018.(GUO Yang.Experimental study of the dynamic fracture properties in linear charge blasting[Ph.D.Thesis][D]Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology,2018.(in Chinese))
[2]林大熊,罗艾民,胡伟.条形装药爆破成腔半径的弹塑性估算[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):84-86.(LIN Daneng,LUO Aimin,HU Wei.Elastic-plastic evaluation of space diameter compacted by blasting with linear charges[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(1):84-86.(in Chinese))
[3]ADUSHKIN V V,KRYNDUSHKIN S K,TIKHOMIROV A M.Compressional wave behavior with explosion of a cylindrical charge in a solid medium[J].Soviet Mining,1986,22(4):253-261.
[4]杨年华.条形药包端部效应的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1997,(3):23-28.(YANG Nianhua.Study on the end effect of strip cartridge[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1997,(3):23-28.(in Chinese))
[5]江向阳,颜事龙,刘伟,等.柱状药包爆炸波传播规律的试验分析[J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(4):121-127.(JIANG Xiangyang,YAN Shilong,LIU Wei,et al.Experimental analysis of the law of explosive wave of cylindrical charge[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2015,38(4):121-127.(in Chinese))
[6]颜事龙,冯叔瑜,金孝刚.有机玻璃中条形药包爆炸破碎区发展过程的高速摄影研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,(3):71-76.(YANShilong,FENG Shuyu,JIN Xiaogang.High-speed photographic study on the development of the explosive fragmentation zone of strip charges in plexiglass[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1998,(3):71-76.(in Chinese))
[7]刘永胜,彭建国,王梦恕,等.海底隧道钻爆开挖振动场特征研究[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(增1):341-345.(LIU Yongsheng,PENGJianguo,WANG Mengshu,et al.Vibration field feature research of subsea tunnel during drilling and blasting excavation[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(Supp.1):341-345.(in Chinese))
[8]顾宏伟,赵燕明,金文.柱状药包岩石中爆炸的数值模拟[J].工程爆破,2007,13(1):24-27.(GU Hongwei,ZHAO Yanming,JINWen.Numerical simulation of explosion with cylinder charge in rock[J].Engineering Blasting,2007,13(1):24-27.(in Chinese))
[9]邓志勇,张志毅,王中黔.条形药包端部爆炸应力场的动光弹试验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1996,(1):86-90.(DENG Zhiyong,ZHANGZhiyi,WANG Zhongqian.Dynamic photoelastic experimental study on the explosive stress field at the end of a strip charge[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1996,(1):86-90.(in Chinese))
[10]孙海利.基于ANSYS/Ls-dyna仿真模拟对条形药包爆破地震效应的研究[硕士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2015.(SUN Haili.Then study of linear charge blasting seismic effect based on ansys/ls-dyna simulation[M.S.Thesis][D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2015.(in Chinese))
[11]彭建宇,李元辉,张凤鹏,等.单向静载下柱状药包爆破裂纹扩展规律及机制[J].中国矿业,2017,26(1):88-91.(PENG Jianyu,LI Yuanhui,ZHANG Fengpeng,et al.Crack propagation rule and mechanism of cylindrical blasting under uniaxial static load[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(1):88-91.(in Chinese))
[12]杨仁树,丁晨曦,王雁冰,等.爆炸应力波与爆生气体对被爆介质作用效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增2):3 501-3 506.(YANG Renshu,DING Chenxiao,WANG Yanbing,et al.Study on the effect of explosive stress wave and explosive gas on exploded medium[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Supp.2):3 501-3 506.(in Chinese))
[13]李清,于强,朱各勇,等.不同药量的切缝药包双孔爆破裂纹扩展规律试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(9):2 205-2 212.(LI Qing,YU Qiang,ZHU Geyong,et al.Experimental study of crack propagation under two-hole slotted cartridge blasting with different amounts of charge[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(9):2 205-2 212.(in Chinese))
[14]宋俊生,王雁冰,高祥涛,等.定向断裂控制爆破机理及应用[J].矿业科学学报,2016,1(1):16-28.(SONG Junsheng,WANGYanbing,GAO Xiangtao,et al.The mechanism of directional fracture controlled blasting and its application[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,1(1):16-28.(in Chinese))
[15]郭东明,刘康,罗浪,等.爆炸载荷下邻近硐室迎爆侧原先裂纹扩展机理研究[J].矿业科学学报,2017,2(4):348-356.(GUODongming,LIU Kang,LUO Lang,et al.Growth mechanism of original crack facing the blasting side of adjacent tunnel under the blasting load[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,2(4):348-356.(in Chinese))
[16]CHONG K P,KURUPPU M D.New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials[J].International Journal of Fracture,1984,26(2):R59-R62.
[17]郭洋.条形药包爆破物理过程及动态断裂力学特性试验研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国矿业大学,2018.(GUO Yang.Experimental study of the dynamic fracture properties in linear charge blasting[Ph.D.Thesis][D]Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology,2018.(in Chinese))