改性纤维素纳米晶/水性聚氨酯复合材料的制备
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摘要
采用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI80/20)对纤维素纳米晶(CNC)进行表面改性,通过原位聚合的方式将改性CNC掺入水性聚氨酯(WPU)基体中,合成改性CNC/WPU复合材料,探讨了改性CNC添加量对复合材料性能的影响。通过马尔文激光粒度仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉力机和热重分析(TGA)等测试,分别对乳液的形态以及胶膜的断面形貌、力学性能和热学性能进行了表征。结果表明,随着改性CNC添加量的增加,乳液粒径变大、分布变宽,胶膜的力学性能和热稳定性明显改善。当改性CNC添加量为1%时,胶膜吸水率为8. 73%,拉伸强度达到26 MPa。
The cellulose nanocrystals( CNC) were surface-modified with toluene diisocyanate( TDI80/20),and the modified CNC was incorporated into the waterborne polyurethane( WPU) matrix to synthesize the modified CNC/WPU composite by in-situ polymerization. The effect of modified CNC contens on the properties of composites were investigated. The morphology of the emulsion and the sectional morphology,mechanical and thermal properties of the film were characterized by Malvern laser particle size analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR),X-ray diffraction( XRD),scanning electron microscopy( SEM),tensile machine and thermal gravimetric analysis( TGA). The results indicated that,with the increase of the amount of modified CNC,the particle size of the emulsion was increased and the distribution becomes wider. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the film are significantly improved. When the amount of modified CNC added was 1%,the water absorption of the film was 8. 73%and the tensile strength reached 26 MPa.
The cellulose nanocrystals( CNC) were surface-modified with toluene diisocyanate( TDI80/20),and the modified CNC was incorporated into the waterborne polyurethane( WPU) matrix to synthesize the modified CNC/WPU composite by in-situ polymerization. The effect of modified CNC contens on the properties of composites were investigated. The morphology of the emulsion and the sectional morphology,mechanical and thermal properties of the film were characterized by Malvern laser particle size analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FTIR),X-ray diffraction( XRD),scanning electron microscopy( SEM),tensile machine and thermal gravimetric analysis( TGA). The results indicated that,with the increase of the amount of modified CNC,the particle size of the emulsion was increased and the distribution becomes wider. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the film are significantly improved. When the amount of modified CNC added was 1%,the water absorption of the film was 8. 73%and the tensile strength reached 26 MPa.
引文
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[13]段伊静,谭天伟,张成彬,等.微晶纤维素对HMDI型聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响[J].塑料,2017,46(1):51-54.
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[2] Cao X,Ge X,Chen H,et al. Effects of trimethylol propane and AAS salt on properties of waterborne polyurethane with low gloss[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings,2017,107:5-13.
[3] Santamaria-Echart A,Ugarte L,Arbelaiz A,et al. Modulating the microstructure of waterborne polyurethanes for preparation of environmentally friendly nanocomposites by incorporating cellulose nanocrystals[J]. Cellulose,2017,24(2):823-834.
[4] Zhang Y,Shao L,Dong D,et al. Enhancement of water and organic solvent resistances of a waterborne polyurethane film by incorporating liquid polysulfide[J]. RSC Advances,2016,6(21):17163-17171.
[5] Liu H,Cui S,Shang S,et al. Properties of rosin-based waterborne polyurethanes/cellulose nanocrystals composites[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers,2013,96(2):510-515.
[6] Sanches A O,Ricco L H S,Malmonge L F,et al. Influence of cellulose nanofibrils on soft and hard segments of polyurethane/cellulose nanocomposites and effect of humidity on their mechanical properties[J]. Polymer Testing,2014,40:99-105.
[7] Zhao Q,Sun G,Yan K,et al. Novel bio-antifelting agent based on waterborne polyurethane and cellulose nanocrystals[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers,2013,91(1):169-174.
[8] de Oliveira Patricio P S,Pereira I M,da Silva N C F,et al. Tailoring the morphology and properties of waterborne polyurethanes by the procedure of cellulose nanocrystal incorporation[J]. European Polymer Journal,2013,49(12):3761-3769.
[9] Rueda L,Saralegui A,d’Arlas B F,et al. Cellulose nanocrystals/polyurethane nanocomposites. Study from the viewpoint of microphase separated structure[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers,2013,92(1):751-757.
[10] Rueda L,d’Arlas B F,Zhou Q,et al. Isocyanate-rich cellulose nanocrystals and their selective insertion in elastomeric polyurethane[J]. Composites Science and Technology,2011,71(16):1953-1960.
[11] Santamaria-Echart A,Ugarte L,Arbelaiz A,et al. Two different incorporation routes of cellulose nanocrystals in waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites[J]. European Polymer Journal,2016,76:99-109.
[12] Sanches A O,Ricco L H S,Malmonge L F,et al. Influence of cellulose nanofibrils on soft and hard segments of polyurethane/cellulose nanocomposites and effect of humidity on their mechanical properties[J]. Polymer Testing,2014,40:99-105.
[13]段伊静,谭天伟,张成彬,等.微晶纤维素对HMDI型聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响[J].塑料,2017,46(1):51-54.
[14]林强,石阳阳,张良良,等.原位聚合法制备水性聚氨酯/改性高岭土复合材料[J].中国皮革,2016(4):28-32.