不同间歇方式高强度间歇运动后能量及底物消耗的特点
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摘要
背景:研究发现高强度间歇运动比中等强度持续运动对于腹部脂肪的减少有更好的效果且更具时效性。目的:以能量代谢的角度,探讨相同强度及时间下不同间歇方式的高强度间歇运动对肥胖女青年能量消耗及底物代谢的影响。方法:采用气体代谢分析仪对7名肥胖青年女性在2次不同间歇形式的高强度间歇运动中的气体代谢情况进行分析。受试者需完成3次测试,第1次进行最大摄氧量测试。随后随机顺序进行后续2次运动测试:①90%VO_(2peak)强度低频的高强度间歇运动(低频组);②90%VO_(2peak)强度高频的高强度间歇运动(高频组)。每次运动之间间隔1周且运动时间避开受试者卵泡早期。运动干预方案获河北师范大学体育学院伦理委员会批准。参与试验的个体均为自愿参加,对试验过程完全知情同意。结果与结论:①运动后高频组的血乳酸浓度显著小于低频组(P <0.01),高频组糖酵解供能和无氧糖酵解的供能量显著低于低频组(P <0.01);②运动期高频组的脂肪供能量、糖供能量、总的能量消耗均显著低于低频组(P <0.05或P <0.01),间歇期高频组的糖供能量要高于低频组(P <0.05),脂肪供能量和总能量消耗也显著高于低频组(P <0.01);③恢复期时高频组的脂肪供能量显著低于低频组(P <0.05),训练期和全部时期总和的脂肪供能量显著高于低频组(P <0.05);④结果说明,高强度间歇运动时间频率的改变能够减少血乳酸的堆积,促进脂肪的动员及氧化,在相同的能耗量下,改变了糖脂供能比例。
BACKGROUND: Compared with the moderate-intensity continuous movement, high-intensity interval training is more time-sensitive and effective for reducing abdominal fat.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different forms of high-intensity interval training at the same intensity and time on energy expenditure and substrate metabolism in obese young women from the perspective of energy metabolism.METHODS: The gas metabolism of seven obese young women in two different intermittent forms of high-intensity intermittent exercise was analyzed by gas metabolism analyzer. The subjects underwent thrice test: maximal oxygen uptake, 90%VO_(2peak) at low-frequency high-intensity interval training(low-frequency group), and 90%VO_(2peak) at high-frequency high-intensity interval training(high-frequency group).Exercise was performed once every 1 week and early follicle was avoided. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sports Institute of Hebei Normal University. The subjects participated in the study voluntarily, and signed the informed consent.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The blood lactate concentration, glycolysis energy supply and anaerobic glycolysis energy supply after exercise in the high-frequency group were significantly lower than those in the low-frequency group(all P < 0.01).(2) The fat energy supply,sugar energy supply and total energy expenditure during exercise in the high-frequency group were significantly lower than those in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The sugar energy supply at interval time in the high-frequency group was significantly higher than that in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05), and the fat energy supply and total energy expenditure in the high-frequency group were significantly higher than those in the low-frequency group(P < 0.01).(3) The fat energy supply at convalescent period in the high-frequency group was significantly lower than that in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05), and the total fat energy supply in the high-frequency group was significantly higher than that in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05).(4) These results indicate that intermittent frequency changes during high-intensity interval training can reduce the accumulation of blood lactic acid, promote the mobilization and oxidation of fat, and change the ratio of glycolipid energy supply under the same energy consumption.
BACKGROUND: Compared with the moderate-intensity continuous movement, high-intensity interval training is more time-sensitive and effective for reducing abdominal fat.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different forms of high-intensity interval training at the same intensity and time on energy expenditure and substrate metabolism in obese young women from the perspective of energy metabolism.METHODS: The gas metabolism of seven obese young women in two different intermittent forms of high-intensity intermittent exercise was analyzed by gas metabolism analyzer. The subjects underwent thrice test: maximal oxygen uptake, 90%VO_(2peak) at low-frequency high-intensity interval training(low-frequency group), and 90%VO_(2peak) at high-frequency high-intensity interval training(high-frequency group).Exercise was performed once every 1 week and early follicle was avoided. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sports Institute of Hebei Normal University. The subjects participated in the study voluntarily, and signed the informed consent.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The blood lactate concentration, glycolysis energy supply and anaerobic glycolysis energy supply after exercise in the high-frequency group were significantly lower than those in the low-frequency group(all P < 0.01).(2) The fat energy supply,sugar energy supply and total energy expenditure during exercise in the high-frequency group were significantly lower than those in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The sugar energy supply at interval time in the high-frequency group was significantly higher than that in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05), and the fat energy supply and total energy expenditure in the high-frequency group were significantly higher than those in the low-frequency group(P < 0.01).(3) The fat energy supply at convalescent period in the high-frequency group was significantly lower than that in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05), and the total fat energy supply in the high-frequency group was significantly higher than that in the low-frequency group(P < 0.05).(4) These results indicate that intermittent frequency changes during high-intensity interval training can reduce the accumulation of blood lactic acid, promote the mobilization and oxidation of fat, and change the ratio of glycolipid energy supply under the same energy consumption.
引文
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[16] Buchheit M,Laursen PB.High-Intensity Interval Training,Solutions to the Programming Puzzle. Sports Med. Sports Med.2013;43(5):313-338.
[17] Scott CB. Contribution of blood lactate to the energy expenditure of weight training. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20(2):404-411.
[18] Scott CB,Leighton BH,Ahearn KJ,et al.Aerobic,anaerobic,and excess postexercise oxygen consumption energy expenditure of muscular endurance and strength:1-set of bench press to muscular fatigue. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(4):903-908.
[19]尹伟.24式太极拳呼吸及能量代谢特点研究[D].北京:北京体育大学, 2010.
[20]董晓虹,陈宇婷,韩娟.基于不同体重和运动方法的底物代谢与能量消耗特征研究[J].中国运动医学杂志, 2016,35(5):411-416+422.
[21]王爱华,徐国栋.基于近红外光谱技术的递增负荷运动中局部肌氧变化与气体交换率比较研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2011,31(5):84-88.
[22]张勇.运动与脂肪氧化动力学及最大脂肪氧化研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2013.
[23] Larsen I,Welde B,Martins C,et al.High-and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in men with metabolic syndrome.Scand J Med Sci Sports.2014;24(3):e174-e179.
[24] Murphy MH,Hardman AE.Training effects of short and long bouts of brisk walking in sedentary women. Med Sci Sports Exerc.1998;30(1):152-157.
[25] Goto K,Ishii N,Mizuno A,et al.Enhancement of fat metabolism by repeated bouts of moderate endurance exercise.J Appl Physiol(1985).2007;102(6):2158.
[26] Ahmed K, Tunaru S, Tang C, et al. An autocrine lactate loop mediates insulin-dependent inhibition of lipolysis through GPR81.Cell Metab.2010;11(4):311-319.
[27] Rooney K,Trayhurn P.Lactate and the GPR81 receptor in metabolic regulation:implications for adipose tissue function and fatty acid utilisation by muscle during exercise.British Journal of Nutrition.2011;106(9):1310-1316.
[2]Carey VJ, Walters EE, Colditz GA, et al.Body fat distribution and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women. The Nurses'Health Study. Am J Epidemiol.1997;145(7):614-619.
[3]Kissebah AH,Krakower GR.Regional adiposity and morbidity.Physiol Rev.1994;74(4):761-811.
[4]Zimmet P,Alberti&Amp KGMM,Shaw J.Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature.2001;414(6865):782-787.
[5]Racette SB,Evans EM,Weiss EP,et al.Abdominal Adiposity Is a Stronger Predictor of Insulin Resistance Than Fitness Among50–95 Year Olds. Diabetes Care.2006;29(3):673-678.
[6]Karelis AD,Stpierre DH,Conus F,et al.Metabolic and body composition factors in subgroups of obesity:what do we know. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2004;89(6):2569-2575.
[7]Maillard F,Rousset S,Pereira B,et al.High-intensity interval training reduces abdominal fat mass in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab.2016;42(6):433-441.
[8]Tucker WJ,Sawyer BJ,Jarrett CL,et al.Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Interval Exercise Differing in Interval Duration.J Strength Cond Res.2015; 29(12):3326-3335.
[9]Péronnet F,Massicotte D.Table of nonprotein respiratory quotient:an update.Can J Sport Sci. 1991;16(1):23-29.
[10] Benito PJ,Alvarezsánchez M, Díaz V, et al. Cardiovascular Fitness and Energy Expenditure Response during a Combined Aerobic and Circuit Weight Training Protocol. PLoS One.2016;11(11):e0164349.
[11] Buchheit M,Laursen PB.High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle. Part II:anaerobic energy,neuromuscular load and practical applications.Sports Med.2013;43(10):927-54.
[12] ObradovicJ,VukadinovicM,PantovicM,et al. HIIT VS MODERATE INTENSITY ENDURANCE TRAINING:IMPACT ON AEROBIC PARAMETERS IN YOUNG ADULT MEN. Acta Kinesiologica. 2016.
[13] Cipryan L,Tschakert G,Hofmann P.Acute and Post-Exercise Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training in Endurance and Sprint Athletes. J Sports Sci Med. 2017. 16(2):219-229.
[14] Pavey TG, Gartner CE, Coombes JS,et al. Assessing the effectiveness of High Intensity Interval Training(HIIT)for smoking cessation in women:HIIT to quit study protocol.BMC Public Health. 2015;15:1309.
[15] Isaksen K, Munk PS, Valborgland T,et al. Aerobic interval training in patients with heart failure and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator:a controlled study evaluating feasibility and effect.Eur J Prev Cardiol.2015;22(3):296-303.
[16] Buchheit M,Laursen PB.High-Intensity Interval Training,Solutions to the Programming Puzzle. Sports Med. Sports Med.2013;43(5):313-338.
[17] Scott CB. Contribution of blood lactate to the energy expenditure of weight training. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20(2):404-411.
[18] Scott CB,Leighton BH,Ahearn KJ,et al.Aerobic,anaerobic,and excess postexercise oxygen consumption energy expenditure of muscular endurance and strength:1-set of bench press to muscular fatigue. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(4):903-908.
[19]尹伟.24式太极拳呼吸及能量代谢特点研究[D].北京:北京体育大学, 2010.
[20]董晓虹,陈宇婷,韩娟.基于不同体重和运动方法的底物代谢与能量消耗特征研究[J].中国运动医学杂志, 2016,35(5):411-416+422.
[21]王爱华,徐国栋.基于近红外光谱技术的递增负荷运动中局部肌氧变化与气体交换率比较研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2011,31(5):84-88.
[22]张勇.运动与脂肪氧化动力学及最大脂肪氧化研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2013.
[23] Larsen I,Welde B,Martins C,et al.High-and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in men with metabolic syndrome.Scand J Med Sci Sports.2014;24(3):e174-e179.
[24] Murphy MH,Hardman AE.Training effects of short and long bouts of brisk walking in sedentary women. Med Sci Sports Exerc.1998;30(1):152-157.
[25] Goto K,Ishii N,Mizuno A,et al.Enhancement of fat metabolism by repeated bouts of moderate endurance exercise.J Appl Physiol(1985).2007;102(6):2158.
[26] Ahmed K, Tunaru S, Tang C, et al. An autocrine lactate loop mediates insulin-dependent inhibition of lipolysis through GPR81.Cell Metab.2010;11(4):311-319.
[27] Rooney K,Trayhurn P.Lactate and the GPR81 receptor in metabolic regulation:implications for adipose tissue function and fatty acid utilisation by muscle during exercise.British Journal of Nutrition.2011;106(9):1310-1316.