机床整机试验模态分析
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摘要
为提升机床的动态特性,进而提高机床加工精度,稳定性和抗振性,首先对某机床进行模态试验,分别采用最小二乘复指数法和最小二乘复频域法识别模态参数,并对识别结果和识别效果进行对比分析,得出准确的低阶固有频率,阻尼比和模态振型。再根据振型分析确定了机床加工精度低的主要原因和薄弱环节,并提出相应的改进意见,为动力学优化设计指明方向。
In order to improve the machine tool's dynamic characteristics, which increases its machining precision,stability and vibration resistance,the modal experiment of a machine tool is performed firstly,Least Square Complex Exponential method( LSCE) and Least Square Complex Frequency method( LSCF) have been used to estimate modal parameters,then the estimate results and effect are compared and analyzed,and the resonant frequencies,damping value and mode shapes of lower modes accurately are obtained. According to the analysis of modal shapes the main reasons for the low machining precision and weak link of machine tool are carfinmed, the corresponding improvement suggestions are proposed,and the direction for dynamic optimum design is indicated.
In order to improve the machine tool's dynamic characteristics, which increases its machining precision,stability and vibration resistance,the modal experiment of a machine tool is performed firstly,Least Square Complex Exponential method( LSCE) and Least Square Complex Frequency method( LSCF) have been used to estimate modal parameters,then the estimate results and effect are compared and analyzed,and the resonant frequencies,damping value and mode shapes of lower modes accurately are obtained. According to the analysis of modal shapes the main reasons for the low machining precision and weak link of machine tool are carfinmed, the corresponding improvement suggestions are proposed,and the direction for dynamic optimum design is indicated.
引文
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[2]史安娜,孙伟.2BW60HSB卧式加工中心整机模态测试[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2011,(2):46~49.
[3]周雪钢,赵峰,马晓波,等.基于模态测试的机床动态性能优化[J].机床与液压,2013,41(23):24~27.
[4]刘雪梅周鹏李爱平.基于模态试验技术的机床动态特性研究[J].制造技术与机床,2011,(11):97~100.
[5]Brown D,Allemang R,Zimmerman R.Parameter Estimation techniques for Modal Analysis[C]//SAE,paper 790221,1979:19.
[6]Peeters B,Auweraer H V,Guillaume P,et al.The poly MAX frequency-domain method:a new standard for modal parameter estimation[J].Shock and Vibration,2004,(11):395~409.
[7]何辉.多参考最小二乘复频域法在飞行器模态参数识别中的应用[J].航空兵器,2010,(6):7~11.
[8]谢小平,韩旭,陈国栋,等.某商用车驾驶室白车身模态分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,37(5):24~30.
[9]谢小平,韩旭,吴长德,等.基于Poly MAX方法的某轿车白车身实验模态分析[J].汽车工程,2009,31(5):440~443.
[10]赵峰,周雪钢,艾爽,等.基于机床装配序列模态测试的绿色制造技术研究[J].制造技术与机床,2012,(12):73~77.
[11]郭成龙,袁军堂,汪振华,等.贴塑导轨结合面法向动态特性参数的识别及分析[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(3):95~98.
[12]王禹林,廖凯,金娜,等.轴箱动静热态特性综合分析与优化[J].南京理工大学学报,2013,37,(1):87~93.
[13]李洁,蹇兴东,史庆春.机床立柱结构动态特性分析及优化设计[J].现代制造工程,2007,(9):129~131.