总括副词“都”的语源及其语法化
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摘要
总括副词"都"从名词发展为动词,又在语义和句法的双重作用下虚化为程度副词,东汉时期出现了总括副词"都"的萌芽用法。到了隋唐时期,总括副词"都"使用频率很高。到了元明清时代,由于总括副词"都"的成熟及普遍应用,它成为汉语总括副词中最重要的一个成员。
The Chinese blanket range adverb "Dou"(都) developed from a noun to a verb,and under the dual roles of semantics and syntax,it became a degree adverb. In the Eastern Han Dynasty,the germination of the blanket range adverb "Dou"(都) appeared. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the blanket range adverb "Dou"(都) was used frequently. In the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,because of the maturity and universal application of the blanket range adverb "Dou"(都),it became to the most important member of the Chinese blanket range adverbs.
The Chinese blanket range adverb "Dou"(都) developed from a noun to a verb,and under the dual roles of semantics and syntax,it became a degree adverb. In the Eastern Han Dynasty,the germination of the blanket range adverb "Dou"(都) appeared. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the blanket range adverb "Dou"(都) was used frequently. In the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,because of the maturity and universal application of the blanket range adverb "Dou"(都),it became to the most important member of the Chinese blanket range adverbs.
引文
[1]陈宝勤.副词“都”的产生与发展[J].辽宁大学学报,1998(2):80-83.
[2]高育花,祖生利.中古汉语副词“都”的用法及语义指向初探[J].西北师范大学学报,1999(6):64-69.
[3]张谊生.论与汉语副词相关的虚化机制:兼论现代汉语副词的性质、分类与范围[J].中国语文,2000(1):3-15+93.
[4]李宗江.汉语总括副词的来源和演变[J].汉语史研究集刊,1998(00):81-96.
[5]武振玉.副词“都”的产生和发展[J].社会科学战线,2001(5):269-271.
[6]杨伯峻,何乐士.古汉语语法及其发展[M].北京:语文出版社,2001:311.
[7]杨荣祥.总括副词“都”的历史演变[C]//北大中文研究:创刊号.北京:北京大学出版社,1998.
[8]陈宝勤.汉魏南北朝时期的副词“都”[J].沈阳大学学报,1995(3):65-69.
[9]马真.关于“都/全”所总括的对象的位置[J].汉语学习,1983(1):27-34.
(1)这个时期语料的选择,我们主要集中在汉译佛经、小说等方面,它们更能反应当时的口语特色。调查文献为《列子》《三国志》《宝藏论》《抱朴子》《优婆塞戒经卷》《大悲莲华经》《妙法莲华经》《搜神后记》《百喻经》《三国志》《世说新语》。
[2]高育花,祖生利.中古汉语副词“都”的用法及语义指向初探[J].西北师范大学学报,1999(6):64-69.
[3]张谊生.论与汉语副词相关的虚化机制:兼论现代汉语副词的性质、分类与范围[J].中国语文,2000(1):3-15+93.
[4]李宗江.汉语总括副词的来源和演变[J].汉语史研究集刊,1998(00):81-96.
[5]武振玉.副词“都”的产生和发展[J].社会科学战线,2001(5):269-271.
[6]杨伯峻,何乐士.古汉语语法及其发展[M].北京:语文出版社,2001:311.
[7]杨荣祥.总括副词“都”的历史演变[C]//北大中文研究:创刊号.北京:北京大学出版社,1998.
[8]陈宝勤.汉魏南北朝时期的副词“都”[J].沈阳大学学报,1995(3):65-69.
[9]马真.关于“都/全”所总括的对象的位置[J].汉语学习,1983(1):27-34.
(1)这个时期语料的选择,我们主要集中在汉译佛经、小说等方面,它们更能反应当时的口语特色。调查文献为《列子》《三国志》《宝藏论》《抱朴子》《优婆塞戒经卷》《大悲莲华经》《妙法莲华经》《搜神后记》《百喻经》《三国志》《世说新语》。