印度的“南进”政策与“国际南北运输走廊”
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摘要
印度自独立以来一直追求其"大国梦",以控制印度洋为目标的"南进"政策是印度实现大国梦想第一步,而与俄罗斯、伊朗共同创建的"国际南北运输走廊"组织则是印度实施"南进"政策的重要一环。俄罗斯、伊朗和印度签署了建立"国际南北运输走廊"的协议,旨在建立一个连接印度洋和波斯湾的多模式运输网络,并通过俄罗斯的圣彼得堡港加强了与北欧的贸易联系。印度将"国际南北运输走廊"视作一个极其重要的国际组织。"国际南北运输走廊"的运行不仅对印度的发展具有重要作用,而且对中国倡导的"一带一路"也会产生一定的影响。
The "Southward Advance Policy" aimed to control the Indian Ocean is India's first step to realize its great power dream. The "International North-South Transport Corridor" jointly established with Russia and Iran constituted an important element of India's "Southward Advance." The international north-south transportation corridor can play an important role for the development of India. It might bring about certain impact to BRI advocated by China.
The "Southward Advance Policy" aimed to control the Indian Ocean is India's first step to realize its great power dream. The "International North-South Transport Corridor" jointly established with Russia and Iran constituted an important element of India's "Southward Advance." The international north-south transportation corridor can play an important role for the development of India. It might bring about certain impact to BRI advocated by China.
引文
(1)马孆著:《当代印度外交》,上海:上海人民出版社,2007年,第73页。
(1)[印] A. B.瓦杰帕伊:“时间将解决历史遗留问题”,参见印度驻华大使馆:《今日印度》,2001年第36期,第3页,http:∥www. indianembassy. org. cn/。
(2)印度驻华大使馆:《今日印度》,2004年第57期,第5-6页。http:∥www. indianembassy. org. cn/。
(3)印度驻华大使馆:《今日印度》,2004年第57期,第11页,http:∥www. indianembassy. org. cn/。
(4)阎学通、孙学峰著:《国际关系实用研究》,北京:人民出版社,2007年,第206页。
(5)赵德喜、王佑生著:《印巴对抗何时休》,郑州:中原农民出版社,2000年,第107-198页。
(6)陈继东、晏世经等著:《印巴关系研究》,成都:四川出版集团,2010年,第123-126页。
(7)[印]桑贾亚·巴鲁著:《印度崛起的战略影响》,莫少卿译,北京:中信出版社,2008年,第10页。
(1)宋德星、白俊:“21世纪之洋——地缘战略视角下的印度洋”,《南亚研究》,2009年第3期。
(2)三个文件是指2004年的《海洋学说》、2007年的《自由使用海洋:印度的海军战略》以及2009年的《海洋学说》。
(3)IN THE NAME OF GOD:INTER-GOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT ON INTERNATIONAL “NORTH-SOUTH”TRANSPORT CORRIDOR,pp. 1-2.
(1)STATUTE OF INTERNATIONAL “NORTH-SOUTH” TRANSPORT CORRIDOR COORDINATION COUNCIL,ARTICLE 2.
(2)STATUTE OF INTERNATIONAL “NORTH-SOUTH” TRANSPORT CORRIDOR COORDINATION COUNCIL,ARTICLE 3.
(3)MINUTES of the First Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(4)MINUTES of the Second Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(5)MINUTES of the Third Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(6)Final Report of the Fifth Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(1)“干燥之路”由铁路和公路形式构建,从孟买开始,经阿巴斯港通过伊朗和里海到阿塞拜疆。“干燥之路”的建设要在国际南北运输走廊框架下进行。
(2)Minutes of the First Meeting of the Expert Group(1)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Commercial and Operational Matters,”17th-18thDecember 2002.
(3)Minutes of the Second Meeting of the Expert Group(1)constituted by the International “North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Commercial and Operational Matters,”26th-28thApril 2003.
(4)Minutes of the Third Meeting of the Expert Group(1)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Coordination Council on“Commercial and Operational Matters,”1st-3rdDecember 2003,Astrakhan,Russian Federation.
(5)Minutes of the Third Meeting of the Expert Group(2)constituted by the International “North-South” Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Documents,customs matters and other issues,”1st-3rdDecember 2003,Astrakhan,Russian Federation.
(6)Minutes of the Fourth Meeting of the Expert Group(2)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Documents,customs matters and other issues,”20th-21stOctober 2005,New Delhi,India.
(7)Minutes of the Fifth Meeting of the Expert Group(2)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on “Documents, customs matters and other issues,” 2nd-3rdNovember 2007, Astana,Kazakhstan.
(8)Roy,Meena Singh,“Iran:India's Gateway to Central Asia,”Strategic Analysis,36(6),2012,p. 958.
(9)Behuria,Ashok K.; Rizvi,M. Mahtab Alam,India's Renewed Interest in Chabahar:Need to Stay the Course,New Delhi:IDSA Issue Brief,Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses,13 May 2015,p. 4.
(10)R. Sidda; Mookherjee,Manisha,India and Iran in Contemporary Relations,New Delhi:Allied Publishers,2014,pp. 13-36.
(11)Bhatnagar,Aryaman; John,Divya,Accessing Afghanistan and Central Asia:Importance of Chabahar to India,Mumbai:Observer Research Foundation,October 2013,p. 3.
(1)Behuria,Ashok K.; Rizvi,M. Mahtab Alam,India's Renewed Interest in Chabahar:Need to Stay the Course,New Delhi:IDSA Issue Brief,Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses,13 May 2015,p. 5.
(2)Cheema,Sujata Ashwarya,“India-Iran Relations in the Post-Cold War:A Neo-Realist Analysis,”in Goud,2014,p. 34.
(3)Sumitha Narayanan Kutty,“India Cements Role in Iran with Chabahar Deal,”Lobe Log Foreign Policy,23 May 2016.
(4)“List of Agreements/MOUs signed during the visit of Prime Minister to Iran,”Ministry of External Affairs(India),May 23,2016.
(5)Rail Transportation,Ministry of Roads and Transportation,Republic of Iran,Retrieved 8 August 2016.
(6)“Chabahar Port in Iran will be ready next year:Nitin Gadkari,”Money Control,9 August 2017.
(7)2017年12月3日,伊朗总统鲁哈尼出席恰巴哈尔港一期落成仪式。
(1)Daniels, Rorry,“Strategic Competition in South Asia:Gwadar, Chabahar, and the Risks of Infrastructure Development”,American Foreign Policy Interests,35(2),2013,pp. 93-100.
(2)Gupta,Shishir,“Why the Chabahar Port agreement kills two birds with one stone,”Hindustan Times,23 May 2016.
(3)Christophe Jaffrelot,“A tale of two ports”,Yale Global Online,7 January 2011.
(1)[印] A. B.瓦杰帕伊:“时间将解决历史遗留问题”,参见印度驻华大使馆:《今日印度》,2001年第36期,第3页,http:∥www. indianembassy. org. cn/。
(2)印度驻华大使馆:《今日印度》,2004年第57期,第5-6页。http:∥www. indianembassy. org. cn/。
(3)印度驻华大使馆:《今日印度》,2004年第57期,第11页,http:∥www. indianembassy. org. cn/。
(4)阎学通、孙学峰著:《国际关系实用研究》,北京:人民出版社,2007年,第206页。
(5)赵德喜、王佑生著:《印巴对抗何时休》,郑州:中原农民出版社,2000年,第107-198页。
(6)陈继东、晏世经等著:《印巴关系研究》,成都:四川出版集团,2010年,第123-126页。
(7)[印]桑贾亚·巴鲁著:《印度崛起的战略影响》,莫少卿译,北京:中信出版社,2008年,第10页。
(1)宋德星、白俊:“21世纪之洋——地缘战略视角下的印度洋”,《南亚研究》,2009年第3期。
(2)三个文件是指2004年的《海洋学说》、2007年的《自由使用海洋:印度的海军战略》以及2009年的《海洋学说》。
(3)IN THE NAME OF GOD:INTER-GOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT ON INTERNATIONAL “NORTH-SOUTH”TRANSPORT CORRIDOR,pp. 1-2.
(1)STATUTE OF INTERNATIONAL “NORTH-SOUTH” TRANSPORT CORRIDOR COORDINATION COUNCIL,ARTICLE 2.
(2)STATUTE OF INTERNATIONAL “NORTH-SOUTH” TRANSPORT CORRIDOR COORDINATION COUNCIL,ARTICLE 3.
(3)MINUTES of the First Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(4)MINUTES of the Second Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(5)MINUTES of the Third Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(6)Final Report of the Fifth Meeting of Coordination Council of International“North-South”Transport Corridor.
(1)“干燥之路”由铁路和公路形式构建,从孟买开始,经阿巴斯港通过伊朗和里海到阿塞拜疆。“干燥之路”的建设要在国际南北运输走廊框架下进行。
(2)Minutes of the First Meeting of the Expert Group(1)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Commercial and Operational Matters,”17th-18thDecember 2002.
(3)Minutes of the Second Meeting of the Expert Group(1)constituted by the International “North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Commercial and Operational Matters,”26th-28thApril 2003.
(4)Minutes of the Third Meeting of the Expert Group(1)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Coordination Council on“Commercial and Operational Matters,”1st-3rdDecember 2003,Astrakhan,Russian Federation.
(5)Minutes of the Third Meeting of the Expert Group(2)constituted by the International “North-South” Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Documents,customs matters and other issues,”1st-3rdDecember 2003,Astrakhan,Russian Federation.
(6)Minutes of the Fourth Meeting of the Expert Group(2)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on“Documents,customs matters and other issues,”20th-21stOctober 2005,New Delhi,India.
(7)Minutes of the Fifth Meeting of the Expert Group(2)constituted by the International“North-South”Transport Corridor Co-ordination Council on “Documents, customs matters and other issues,” 2nd-3rdNovember 2007, Astana,Kazakhstan.
(8)Roy,Meena Singh,“Iran:India's Gateway to Central Asia,”Strategic Analysis,36(6),2012,p. 958.
(9)Behuria,Ashok K.; Rizvi,M. Mahtab Alam,India's Renewed Interest in Chabahar:Need to Stay the Course,New Delhi:IDSA Issue Brief,Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses,13 May 2015,p. 4.
(10)R. Sidda; Mookherjee,Manisha,India and Iran in Contemporary Relations,New Delhi:Allied Publishers,2014,pp. 13-36.
(11)Bhatnagar,Aryaman; John,Divya,Accessing Afghanistan and Central Asia:Importance of Chabahar to India,Mumbai:Observer Research Foundation,October 2013,p. 3.
(1)Behuria,Ashok K.; Rizvi,M. Mahtab Alam,India's Renewed Interest in Chabahar:Need to Stay the Course,New Delhi:IDSA Issue Brief,Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses,13 May 2015,p. 5.
(2)Cheema,Sujata Ashwarya,“India-Iran Relations in the Post-Cold War:A Neo-Realist Analysis,”in Goud,2014,p. 34.
(3)Sumitha Narayanan Kutty,“India Cements Role in Iran with Chabahar Deal,”Lobe Log Foreign Policy,23 May 2016.
(4)“List of Agreements/MOUs signed during the visit of Prime Minister to Iran,”Ministry of External Affairs(India),May 23,2016.
(5)Rail Transportation,Ministry of Roads and Transportation,Republic of Iran,Retrieved 8 August 2016.
(6)“Chabahar Port in Iran will be ready next year:Nitin Gadkari,”Money Control,9 August 2017.
(7)2017年12月3日,伊朗总统鲁哈尼出席恰巴哈尔港一期落成仪式。
(1)Daniels, Rorry,“Strategic Competition in South Asia:Gwadar, Chabahar, and the Risks of Infrastructure Development”,American Foreign Policy Interests,35(2),2013,pp. 93-100.
(2)Gupta,Shishir,“Why the Chabahar Port agreement kills two birds with one stone,”Hindustan Times,23 May 2016.
(3)Christophe Jaffrelot,“A tale of two ports”,Yale Global Online,7 January 2011.