陆相断陷盆地致密油藏特征与分类
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摘要
陆相断陷盆地的致密油气成藏条件复杂,储层性质变化多,规模开发的难度很大。根据渤海湾盆地的地质、地球化学、实验分析及生产测试等资料,对比国内外拗陷盆地致密油气藏特点,综合分析断陷盆地致密油气的成藏条件和成藏特征.研究表明断陷盆地生烃洼陷中富有机质泥页岩厚度大,有机质丰度高,成熟度演化范围宽;泥页岩成分复杂或与不同岩性的致密储层频繁互层,形成了丰富的自生自储或近源聚集的致密油气资源.致密油气藏依据油藏储层岩性类型分为致密碎屑岩类油藏、致密碳酸盐岩类油藏、致密火山岩类油藏、泥页岩类油藏4类.致密碳酸盐岩类油藏成藏条件最好,最易于开发.断裂构造附近泥页岩层系的构造裂缝发育区域,也具有良好的成藏条件,是重要的勘探方向.
Due to the complex accumulation conditions and varied reservoir properties of tight oil and gas in continental fault basins,it is very difficult to carry out large-scale development. According to the geological,geochemical,experimental analysis and production test data of Bohai Bay Basin,the paper compares the characteristics of tight reservoir in depression basins at home and abroad,and comprehensively analyzes the accumulation conditions and features of tight oil and gas in fault basins. The results show that the organic-rich shale in the hydrocarbon generation sag of fault basins is characterized by large thickness,high abundance of organic matter,and wide maturity evolution range. The shale with complex compositions are interbedded with the tight reservoir of different lithology frequently to form rich self-generated and self-stored or proximate-accumulated tight oil-gas resources. The tight reservoir can be classified into four types,namely tight clastic rocks,carbonate rocks,volcanic rocks and shale in terms of lithology,among which the carbonate rock reservoir has the best accumulation conditions,thus much easier to exploit. The structural fracture developed areas in the shale formation near the faults also have good reservoir-forming conditions for exploration.
Due to the complex accumulation conditions and varied reservoir properties of tight oil and gas in continental fault basins,it is very difficult to carry out large-scale development. According to the geological,geochemical,experimental analysis and production test data of Bohai Bay Basin,the paper compares the characteristics of tight reservoir in depression basins at home and abroad,and comprehensively analyzes the accumulation conditions and features of tight oil and gas in fault basins. The results show that the organic-rich shale in the hydrocarbon generation sag of fault basins is characterized by large thickness,high abundance of organic matter,and wide maturity evolution range. The shale with complex compositions are interbedded with the tight reservoir of different lithology frequently to form rich self-generated and self-stored or proximate-accumulated tight oil-gas resources. The tight reservoir can be classified into four types,namely tight clastic rocks,carbonate rocks,volcanic rocks and shale in terms of lithology,among which the carbonate rock reservoir has the best accumulation conditions,thus much easier to exploit. The structural fracture developed areas in the shale formation near the faults also have good reservoir-forming conditions for exploration.
引文
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[17]李勇,钟建华,温志峰,等.济阳坳陷泥质岩油气藏类型及分布特征[J].地质科学,2006,41(4):586-600.
[18]宁方兴.济阳坳陷页岩油富集主控因素[J].石油学报,2015,36(8):905-914.
[19]宋国奇,徐兴友,李政,等.济阳坳陷古近系陆相页岩油产量的影响因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):463-471.
[20]李晓光,金科,周艳.雷家地区沙四段湖相碳酸盐岩油气藏特征分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):25-28.
[21]汪少勇,李建忠,王社教,等.辽河西部凹陷雷家地区沙四段油气资源结构特征[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(9):1728-1741.
[22]单俊峰,刘兴周,周阿琴.西部凹陷东部陡坡带角砾岩体储层特征研究———以雷77区块为例[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(3):37-40.
[23]王敏,陈祥,严永新,等.南襄盆地泌阳凹陷陆相页岩油地质特征与评价[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):663-671.
[2]赵立强,牟媚,罗志锋,等.中国致密油储层改造理念及技术展望[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2016,38(6):91-98.
[3]林森虎,邹才能,袁选俊,等.美国致密油开发现状及启示[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(4):25-30.
[4]杨华,李士祥,刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):1-10.
[5]闫伟鹏,杨涛,马洪,等.中国陆相致密油成藏模式及地质特征[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(2):131-136.
[6]巨世昌,刘博峰,李闻东,等.致密砂岩储集层物性下限确定方法浅析[J].天然气与石油,2017,35(3):62-67.
[7]周庆凡,杨国丰.致密油与页岩油的概念与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(4):541-544.
[8]邹才能,杨智,崔景伟,等.页岩油形成机制、地质特征及发展对策[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(1):14-26.
[9]边瑞康,武晓玲,包书景,等.美国页岩油分布规律及成藏特点[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,29(1):1-9,14.
[10]刘文卿,汤达祯,潘伟义,等.北美典型页岩油地质特征对比及分类[J].科技通报,2016,32(11):13-18.
[11]杨智,付金华,郭秋麟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相致密油发现、特征及潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(6):9-16.
[12]王学良.辽河断陷盆地深层石油地质特征[J].特种油气藏,2004,11(3):34-37.
[13]单俊峰,陈振岩,回雪峰.辽河坳陷西部凹陷坡洼过渡带岩性油气藏形成条件[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):42-45.
[14]赵会民.辽河西部凹陷雷家地区古近系沙四段混合沉积特征研究[J].沉积学报,2012,30(2):283-289.
[15]王勇,宋国奇,刘惠民,等.济阳坳陷页岩油富集主控因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(4):20-25.
[16]张顺,刘惠民,宋国奇,等.东营凹陷页岩油储集空间成因及控制因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(12):1495-1507.
[17]李勇,钟建华,温志峰,等.济阳坳陷泥质岩油气藏类型及分布特征[J].地质科学,2006,41(4):586-600.
[18]宁方兴.济阳坳陷页岩油富集主控因素[J].石油学报,2015,36(8):905-914.
[19]宋国奇,徐兴友,李政,等.济阳坳陷古近系陆相页岩油产量的影响因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):463-471.
[20]李晓光,金科,周艳.雷家地区沙四段湖相碳酸盐岩油气藏特征分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):25-28.
[21]汪少勇,李建忠,王社教,等.辽河西部凹陷雷家地区沙四段油气资源结构特征[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(9):1728-1741.
[22]单俊峰,刘兴周,周阿琴.西部凹陷东部陡坡带角砾岩体储层特征研究———以雷77区块为例[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(3):37-40.
[23]王敏,陈祥,严永新,等.南襄盆地泌阳凹陷陆相页岩油地质特征与评价[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):663-671.
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