西藏多不杂铜矿床稀土元素地球化学特征研究
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摘要
探讨稀土元素地球化学对多不杂铜矿床成矿物质及流体来源的指示意义。选择相关岩矿石及金属矿物样品,测试其稀土元素组成。研究表明,岩矿石及金属矿物均具有轻稀土富集的特征,这是地幔流体作用成矿的标志。由磁铁矿→浸染状黄铁矿→脉状黄铁矿→黄铜矿演化,δEu值逐步从大于1过渡为小于1,即由正铕异常→负铕异常演化,这是含矿地幔流体作用导致熔浆→热液演化,引发交代蚀变,促使壳幔物质混染叠加成矿的依据。从花岗闪长斑岩→变质砂岩→玄武安山岩,总稀土元素呈现出逐步上升的趋势;花岗闪长斑岩和变质砂岩均为含矿地质体,构成了接触带成矿体系,它们的δEu值分别表现为大于1和小于1,即分别呈现出正铕异常和负铕异常;玄武安山岩不含矿,无明显的铕异常。
The significance of geochemistry of rare earth elements on the origin of ore-forming materials and fluids in Duobuza copper deposit was studied. The samples of rocks and minerals were selected to test the REE composition. The results showed that the rocks and minerals are LREE enrichment. This is a sign of mineralization of mantle fluid. The evolution from the magnetite to pyrite disseminated,then to vein pyrite and chalcopyrite,corresponds to δEu values gradually translate from more than 1 to less than 1,that is,from positive Eu anomaly to negative Eu anomaly evolution. This indicated that the ore bearing mantle fluids through metasomatic alteration resulted in evolution from magma tohydrothermal and crust mantle contamination superposition mineralizations. The total rare earth elements show a gradual upward trend from granodiorite porphyry to metamorphic sandstone and basalt. Granodiorite porphyry and metamorphic sandstone are both ore bearing geological bodies,which form the metallogenic system of the contact zone. Their δEu values are more than 1 and less than 1,respectively,showing positive Eu anomaly and negative Eu anomaly. Basaltic andesite does not contain ore,no obvious Eu anomaly.
The significance of geochemistry of rare earth elements on the origin of ore-forming materials and fluids in Duobuza copper deposit was studied. The samples of rocks and minerals were selected to test the REE composition. The results showed that the rocks and minerals are LREE enrichment. This is a sign of mineralization of mantle fluid. The evolution from the magnetite to pyrite disseminated,then to vein pyrite and chalcopyrite,corresponds to δEu values gradually translate from more than 1 to less than 1,that is,from positive Eu anomaly to negative Eu anomaly evolution. This indicated that the ore bearing mantle fluids through metasomatic alteration resulted in evolution from magma tohydrothermal and crust mantle contamination superposition mineralizations. The total rare earth elements show a gradual upward trend from granodiorite porphyry to metamorphic sandstone and basalt. Granodiorite porphyry and metamorphic sandstone are both ore bearing geological bodies,which form the metallogenic system of the contact zone. Their δEu values are more than 1 and less than 1,respectively,showing positive Eu anomaly and negative Eu anomaly. Basaltic andesite does not contain ore,no obvious Eu anomaly.
引文
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[8]Zhou X,Fei G C,Zhou Y,Wen C Q,Zhang Y,Yue X Y.Chronology and crust-mantle mixing of ore-forming porphyry of the Bangongco:Evidence from zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotopes of the naruo porphyry copper-gold deposit[J].Acta Geol.Sin.(English Edition),2015,89(1):217.
[9]Fei G C,Zhou X,Duo J,Zhou Y,Wen C Q,Wen Q,He Y Y.Zircon U-Pb age and geochemical characteristics of ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry in the Duobuza porphyry copper deposit,Tibet[J].J.Geological Soc.India,2015,86(2):223.
[10]祝向平,陈华安,马东方,黄瀚霄,李光明,卫鲁杰,刘朝强.西藏多不杂斑岩铜金矿床地质与蚀变[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(2):199.Zhu X P,Chen H A,Ma D F,Huang H X,Li G M,Wei L J,Liu C Q.Geology and alteration of the Duobuza Porphyry Copper-gold Deposit in Tibet[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(2):199.
[11]Li J X,Li G M,Qin K Z.High-temperature magmatic fluid exsolved from magma at the Duobuza porphyry copper-gold deposit,Northern Tibet[J].Geofluids,2011,11(2):134.
[12]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡,赵林,赵元龙.西藏多不杂铜矿区曲色组砂岩化学组分特征及构造背景[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(1):113.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F,Zhao L,Zhao Y L.Chemical component characteristics and tectonic setting of sandstone from Quse Group in Duobuza copper deposit,Tibet,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,41(1):113.
[13]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡,郭建强,周玉.多不杂铜矿床包裹体地球化学特征及地质意义[J].桂林理工大学学报,2014,34(2):218.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F,Guo J Q,Zhou Y.Geochemical characteristics and geological significance to the inclusions of the Duobuza copper deposit[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2014,34(2):218.
[14]李金祥.班公湖带多不杂超大型富金斑岩铜矿床的成岩成矿年代学、岩石学及高氧化岩浆-流体-成矿作用[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2008.Li J X.Geochronology,petrology and metallogeneses of strong oxidationmagma-hydrothermal fluid of Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copperdeposit in Bangonghu belt,Northern Tibet[D].Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.
[15]Boynton W V.Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies[A].Henderson P.Rare-Earth Element Geochemistry[C].Amsterdam,Elsevier,1984.63.
[16]温春齐,多吉.矿床研究方法[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2009.Wen C Q,Duo J.Research Methods of Mineral Deposit[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Press,2009.
[17]何阳阳.西藏班怒西段多不杂铜矿床成因研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.He Y Y.Genisis Study for The Duobuza Copper Deposit in The Western Part of Bangonghu-nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.
[18]罗照华,卢欣祥,郭少丰,孙静,陈必河,黄凡,杨宗峰.透岩浆流体成矿体系[J].岩石学报,2008,24(12):2669.Luo Z H,Lu X X,Guo S F,Sun J,Chen B H,Huang F,Yang Z F.Metallogenic systems on the transmagmatic fluid theory[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2008,24(12):2669.
[19]Liu X F,Li C H,Lu Q X,Deng B P,Song X F,Zhao F F,Chu Y T,Xiao J X,Yi L W,Huang Y P.The genesis mechanism of the mantle fluid action and evolution in the ore-forming process:A case study of the Laowangzhai gold deposit in Yunnan,China[J].Acta Geol.Sin.,2012,86(3):608.
[20]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡.西藏多不杂铜矿床硫铅同位素地球化学示踪[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2016,35(5):855.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F.Sulfur and lead isotope geochemical tracing of the Duobuza copper deposit,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,2016,35(5):855.
[2]佘宏全,李进文,丰成友,马东方,潘桂棠,李光明.西藏多不杂斑岩铜矿床高温高盐度流体包裹体及其成因意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(9):1434.She H Q,Li J W,Feng C Y,Ma D F,Pan G T,Li G M.The high-temperature and hypersaline fluid inclusions and its implicationsto the metallogenesis in Duobuza Porphyry Copper Deposit,Tibet[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(9):1434.
[3]张江义,帅琴,胡圣虹,王肖戈,成金华.贵州西南煤区数个煤样的稀土元素地球化学特征[J].稀土,2010,31(4):81.Zhang J Y,Shuai Q,Hu S H,Wang X G,Cheng J H.Geochemistry of rare earth elements of several coal samples in southwestern Guizhou[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2010,31(4):81.
[4]庞绪成,郭跃闪,杨剧文,赵定生,张凯涛,赵少攀.河南省洛宁龙门店银铅矿稀土元素地球化学特征及地质意义[J].中国稀土学报,2015,33(6):747.Pang X C,Guo Y S,Yang J W,Zhao D S,Zhang K T,Zhao S P.REE geochemical characteristics of longmendian Ag-Pb deposit in Luoning Henan[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2015,33(6):747.
[5]谭威,韩润生,王雷,刘飞,郭钰心玥,王明志,崔俊豪.滇西北北衙金多金属矿床稀土元素地球化学[J].中国稀土学报,2016,34(1):113.Tan W,Han R S,Wang L,Liu F,Guo Y X Y,Wang M Z,Cui J H.REE geochemical of gold-polymetallic deposit in Beiya,Western Yunnan Province[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2016,34(1):113.
[6]陈红旗,张天平,李玉昌,李玉彬,刘朝强,范安辉,唐建科.西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带西段铜多金属资源调查报告[R].拉萨:西藏自治区地质调查院,2011.Chen H Q,Zhang T P,Li Y C,Li Y B,Li C Q,Fan A H,Tang J K.Resources investigation report of copper polymetallic in the Western Bangonghu-Nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet[R].Lhasa:Geological Survey of Tibet Autonomous Region,2011.
[7]佘宏全,李进文,马东方,李光明,张德全,丰成友,屈文俊,潘桂棠.西藏多不杂斑岩铜矿床辉钼矿ReOs和锆石U-Pb SHRIMP测年及地质意义[J].矿床地质,2009,28(6):737.She H Q,Li J W,Ma D F,Li G M,Zhang D Q,Feng C Y,Qu W J,Pan G T.Molybdenite Re-Os and SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of Duobuza porphyry copper deposit in Tibet and its geological implications[J].Mineral Deposits,2009,28(6):737.
[8]Zhou X,Fei G C,Zhou Y,Wen C Q,Zhang Y,Yue X Y.Chronology and crust-mantle mixing of ore-forming porphyry of the Bangongco:Evidence from zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotopes of the naruo porphyry copper-gold deposit[J].Acta Geol.Sin.(English Edition),2015,89(1):217.
[9]Fei G C,Zhou X,Duo J,Zhou Y,Wen C Q,Wen Q,He Y Y.Zircon U-Pb age and geochemical characteristics of ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry in the Duobuza porphyry copper deposit,Tibet[J].J.Geological Soc.India,2015,86(2):223.
[10]祝向平,陈华安,马东方,黄瀚霄,李光明,卫鲁杰,刘朝强.西藏多不杂斑岩铜金矿床地质与蚀变[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(2):199.Zhu X P,Chen H A,Ma D F,Huang H X,Li G M,Wei L J,Liu C Q.Geology and alteration of the Duobuza Porphyry Copper-gold Deposit in Tibet[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(2):199.
[11]Li J X,Li G M,Qin K Z.High-temperature magmatic fluid exsolved from magma at the Duobuza porphyry copper-gold deposit,Northern Tibet[J].Geofluids,2011,11(2):134.
[12]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡,赵林,赵元龙.西藏多不杂铜矿区曲色组砂岩化学组分特征及构造背景[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(1):113.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F,Zhao L,Zhao Y L.Chemical component characteristics and tectonic setting of sandstone from Quse Group in Duobuza copper deposit,Tibet,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,41(1):113.
[13]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡,郭建强,周玉.多不杂铜矿床包裹体地球化学特征及地质意义[J].桂林理工大学学报,2014,34(2):218.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F,Guo J Q,Zhou Y.Geochemical characteristics and geological significance to the inclusions of the Duobuza copper deposit[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2014,34(2):218.
[14]李金祥.班公湖带多不杂超大型富金斑岩铜矿床的成岩成矿年代学、岩石学及高氧化岩浆-流体-成矿作用[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2008.Li J X.Geochronology,petrology and metallogeneses of strong oxidationmagma-hydrothermal fluid of Duobuza gold-rich porphyry copperdeposit in Bangonghu belt,Northern Tibet[D].Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.
[15]Boynton W V.Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies[A].Henderson P.Rare-Earth Element Geochemistry[C].Amsterdam,Elsevier,1984.63.
[16]温春齐,多吉.矿床研究方法[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2009.Wen C Q,Duo J.Research Methods of Mineral Deposit[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Press,2009.
[17]何阳阳.西藏班怒西段多不杂铜矿床成因研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.He Y Y.Genisis Study for The Duobuza Copper Deposit in The Western Part of Bangonghu-nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.
[18]罗照华,卢欣祥,郭少丰,孙静,陈必河,黄凡,杨宗峰.透岩浆流体成矿体系[J].岩石学报,2008,24(12):2669.Luo Z H,Lu X X,Guo S F,Sun J,Chen B H,Huang F,Yang Z F.Metallogenic systems on the transmagmatic fluid theory[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2008,24(12):2669.
[19]Liu X F,Li C H,Lu Q X,Deng B P,Song X F,Zhao F F,Chu Y T,Xiao J X,Yi L W,Huang Y P.The genesis mechanism of the mantle fluid action and evolution in the ore-forming process:A case study of the Laowangzhai gold deposit in Yunnan,China[J].Acta Geol.Sin.,2012,86(3):608.
[20]何阳阳,温春齐,刘显凡.西藏多不杂铜矿床硫铅同位素地球化学示踪[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2016,35(5):855.He Y Y,Wen C Q,Liu X F.Sulfur and lead isotope geochemical tracing of the Duobuza copper deposit,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,2016,35(5):855.
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