红松松针挥发油氨基酸组分及化合物成分
|
摘要
以水蒸气蒸馏法提取的红松松针挥发油为研究对象,主要研究了挥发油中氨基酸的组分及化合物的成分,采用高效液相色谱仪对红松松针挥发油的游离氨基酸组分进行分析。结果表明:红松松针游离氨基酸质量分数总量可达到244.44 mg/kg,已测出的氨基酸中,以赖氨酸的质量分数最高64.03 mg/kg,组氨酸次之,为34.248 mg/kg,缬氨酸质量分数最低,为1.23 mg/kg。采用气相色谱—质谱对挥发油成分进行分析,鉴定出46种化合物,占挥发油总量的97.92%。其中烯烃类占87.97%,醇类占3.7%,酯类占5.77%,氧化物类占0.24%,以及少量的酮类和二萜类化合物。含量最高的化合物是大根香叶烯D(14,38%)。试验结果证明,红松松针挥发油含有人体必需的氨基酸和多种有应用价值的化学成分,如α-蒎烯、β-月桂烯、d-柠檬烯、杜松烯、α-松油烯、乙酸冰片酯等,具有非常大的开发价值。
With essential oil from Pinus koraiensis extracted by steam distillation, we studied amino acid component and compound ingredient of the essential oils. The free amino acid component of essential oil was analyzed using HPLC. The content of free amino acid of the essential oil is 244.44 mg/kg. Among the amino acid, the content of lysine ranks first, which is 64.03 mg/kg, and the content of histidine follows, which is 34.28 mg/kg. The content of valine ranks lowest with 1.23 mg/kg. The component of essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrum(GC-MS) approach. The result shows 46 kinds of compound, making up 97.72% of the oil. Among the compounds, olefin proportion is 87.97%, alcohol proportion is 3.7%, esters proportion is 5.77%, and proportion of oxide is 0.24% with a little ketone and diterpenoid. The highest content among the compound is germacrene. The essential oil from P. koraiensis contains amino acid needed by human body and chemical component with application value, such as α-pinene, β-myrcene, d-limonene, α-terpinene, bornyl, acetate etc.; therefore, the essential oil from P. koraiensis is of high development value.
With essential oil from Pinus koraiensis extracted by steam distillation, we studied amino acid component and compound ingredient of the essential oils. The free amino acid component of essential oil was analyzed using HPLC. The content of free amino acid of the essential oil is 244.44 mg/kg. Among the amino acid, the content of lysine ranks first, which is 64.03 mg/kg, and the content of histidine follows, which is 34.28 mg/kg. The content of valine ranks lowest with 1.23 mg/kg. The component of essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrum(GC-MS) approach. The result shows 46 kinds of compound, making up 97.72% of the oil. Among the compounds, olefin proportion is 87.97%, alcohol proportion is 3.7%, esters proportion is 5.77%, and proportion of oxide is 0.24% with a little ketone and diterpenoid. The highest content among the compound is germacrene. The essential oil from P. koraiensis contains amino acid needed by human body and chemical component with application value, such as α-pinene, β-myrcene, d-limonene, α-terpinene, bornyl, acetate etc.; therefore, the essential oil from P. koraiensis is of high development value.
引文
[1] 樊梓鸾,张艳东,张华,等.红松松针精油抗氧化和抑菌活性研究[J].北京林业大学报,2017,39(8):98-103.
[2] FERRAMOSC M A,AVY V I,CONTE L Y,et al.Dietary combination of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and pine nut oil prevents CLA induced fatty liver in mice[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(17):8148-8158.
[3] CAI L,LI X,LIU C,et al.Functional properties and bioactivities of pine nut (Pinus gerardiana) protein isolates and its enzymatic hydrolysates[J].Food Bioprocess Technology,2012,6(8):2109-2117.
[4] 杨立宾.红松种子蛋白提取与生理功能研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2008.
[5] 段辉,陆磊,徐艳.甘肃不同地区油松针叶氨基酸成分分析研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2008,27(6):28-29.
[6] 胡居吾,朱仁果,王慧宾,等.松针中游离氨基酸代谢对环境氮的响应[J].生物化工,2017,3(3):5-8.
[7] 佟立君,吴晓春,牛生财,等.红松松针挥发油的提取与组份分析[J].林业科技,1999,24(2):16-33.
[8] 宗芳芳,包怡红,李德海,等.盐析辅助水蒸气蒸馏法制备红松壳挥发油研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(6):122-128.
[9] 朴奉花,陈志歆,马桔云,等.红松针中氨基酸成分的分析[J].黑龙江医药,1996,9(3):137-138.
[10] 陈红滨,刘秀坤.红松籽仁中氨基酸组成与含量[J].东北林业大学学报,1990,18(6):94-98.
[11] 李泉开,陈武.松针氨基酸成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1988(4):40-41.
[12] 吴晓红,王振宇,郑洪亮,等.红松仁蛋白氨基酸组成分析及营养评价[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(1):267-270.
[13] 严仲铠,潘宁,牛志多,等.中国东北松属植物叶中挥发油的气-质谱分析[J].中药通报,1988,13(7):34-36.
[14] 王得道.水蒸气法提取八种松科植物松针挥发油的研究及GC/MS分析[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2013.
[15] KIM Y S,SHIN D H.Volatile components and antibacterial effects of pine needle (Pinus densiflora S.and Z.) extracts[J].Food Microbiology,2005,22(1):37-45.
[16] AMMAR A H,AMIJI D I.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric studies of essential oil of Pinus roxburghaii stems and their antibacterial and antifungal activities[J].Journal of Medicinal Plants Research,2009,3(9):670-673.
[17] GRASSMA N J,HIPPEL I S,VOLLMAN N R,et al.Antioxidative properties of the essential oil from pinus mugo[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2003,51(26):7576-7582.
[18] 王伟江.天然活性单萜:柠檬烯的研究进展[J].中国食品添加剂,2005(1):33-37.
[19] 张劲松,李博,陈家宽,等.加拿大一枝黄花挥发油成分及其抗菌活性[J].复旦学报(自然科学版),2006,45(3):412-416.
[20] 江志利.植物精油杀虫作用及制剂研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[2] FERRAMOSC M A,AVY V I,CONTE L Y,et al.Dietary combination of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and pine nut oil prevents CLA induced fatty liver in mice[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2008,56(17):8148-8158.
[3] CAI L,LI X,LIU C,et al.Functional properties and bioactivities of pine nut (Pinus gerardiana) protein isolates and its enzymatic hydrolysates[J].Food Bioprocess Technology,2012,6(8):2109-2117.
[4] 杨立宾.红松种子蛋白提取与生理功能研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2008.
[5] 段辉,陆磊,徐艳.甘肃不同地区油松针叶氨基酸成分分析研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2008,27(6):28-29.
[6] 胡居吾,朱仁果,王慧宾,等.松针中游离氨基酸代谢对环境氮的响应[J].生物化工,2017,3(3):5-8.
[7] 佟立君,吴晓春,牛生财,等.红松松针挥发油的提取与组份分析[J].林业科技,1999,24(2):16-33.
[8] 宗芳芳,包怡红,李德海,等.盐析辅助水蒸气蒸馏法制备红松壳挥发油研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(6):122-128.
[9] 朴奉花,陈志歆,马桔云,等.红松针中氨基酸成分的分析[J].黑龙江医药,1996,9(3):137-138.
[10] 陈红滨,刘秀坤.红松籽仁中氨基酸组成与含量[J].东北林业大学学报,1990,18(6):94-98.
[11] 李泉开,陈武.松针氨基酸成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1988(4):40-41.
[12] 吴晓红,王振宇,郑洪亮,等.红松仁蛋白氨基酸组成分析及营养评价[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(1):267-270.
[13] 严仲铠,潘宁,牛志多,等.中国东北松属植物叶中挥发油的气-质谱分析[J].中药通报,1988,13(7):34-36.
[14] 王得道.水蒸气法提取八种松科植物松针挥发油的研究及GC/MS分析[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2013.
[15] KIM Y S,SHIN D H.Volatile components and antibacterial effects of pine needle (Pinus densiflora S.and Z.) extracts[J].Food Microbiology,2005,22(1):37-45.
[16] AMMAR A H,AMIJI D I.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric studies of essential oil of Pinus roxburghaii stems and their antibacterial and antifungal activities[J].Journal of Medicinal Plants Research,2009,3(9):670-673.
[17] GRASSMA N J,HIPPEL I S,VOLLMAN N R,et al.Antioxidative properties of the essential oil from pinus mugo[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2003,51(26):7576-7582.
[18] 王伟江.天然活性单萜:柠檬烯的研究进展[J].中国食品添加剂,2005(1):33-37.
[19] 张劲松,李博,陈家宽,等.加拿大一枝黄花挥发油成分及其抗菌活性[J].复旦学报(自然科学版),2006,45(3):412-416.
[20] 江志利.植物精油杀虫作用及制剂研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.