温度、pH和盐度对后背鲈鲤幼鱼存活的影响
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摘要
为了研究后背鲈鲤(Percocypris pingi retrodorslis)对温度、pH和盐度的耐受性,以后背鲈鲤幼鱼为实验材料,采用单因子静态急性毒性实验法对其温度、pH和盐度耐受能力进行研究。实验结果表明,后背鲈鲤幼鱼对温度的耐受范围为0—32℃,高温、低温的半致死温度分别为32℃和1℃,最佳生长温度为8—27℃;96h内,最佳生长pH为5.0—9.0,pH高于9.5或者低于4.7时,幼鱼出现死亡,在24、48、72、96h里,不同碱度对幼鱼存活率的影响呈现显著性差异(P<0.05),而不同酸度对幼鱼存活率的影响差异性不显著(P>0.05),24、48、72、96h酸度半致死浓度(LC50)相应pH分别为3.90、3.96、4.15、4.40,碱度半致死浓度相应的pH分别为11.20、11.10、10.98、10.89。96h内,当盐浓度超过7.50 g/L时,幼鱼开始死亡,不同盐浓度对幼鱼的存活率的影响呈现显著性差异(P<0.05),盐度对实验鱼的12、24、48、72、96h的半致死浓度分别为10.30、9.25、9.00、8.85、8.82 g/L,2个级别的安全浓度(SC)分别为0.882 g/L、2.557 g/L。后背鲈鲤已被列入珍稀濒危物种,研究为今后后背鲈鲤的人工养殖和跨地域养殖打下理论基础。
To study the tolerance of Percocypris pingi retrodorslis to temperature, pH, and salinity, the juvenile Percocypris pingi retrodorslis were used as experimental objects. A single factor static acute toxicity test was used to study their tolerance to temperature, pH and salinity. The experimental results showed that their tolerance on temperature ranged from 0 to 32℃, and the lethal high and low temperature was 32℃ and 1℃, respectively. The optimum growth temperature was between 8 and 27℃. In addition, the optimum growth pH was 5.0—9.0. However, the juvenile fish began to die when pH was higher than 9.5 or lower than 4.7(within 96 h after treatment). The effects of different alkalinity on the survival of juvenile fish have significant difference(P<0.05), after the treatment for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h,but there was no significant difference effects on the survival at different acidity level(P>0.05). The LC50 of acidity for the juvenile fish was 3.90, 3.96, 4.15 and 4.40 after treated for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, respectively. The LC50 of alkalinity was 11.20, 11.10, 10.98 and 10.89 after the treatment of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, respectively. The juvenile fish began to die when salinity was higher than 7.5, and the effects of different salinity on the survival of juvenile fish were significantly different(P<0.05). The LC50 of salinity for juvenile fish was 10.30, 9.25, 9, 8.85 and 8.82 g/L at 12 h, 24 h,48 h, 72 h and 96 h after treatment, respectively, and two safe concentration(SC) levels were 0.89 g/L and 2.385 g/L. The Percocypris pingi retrodorslis has been listed as endangered species, and our data will provide a theoretical foundation for the artificial breeding and trans regional breeding of Percocypris pingi retrodorslis.
To study the tolerance of Percocypris pingi retrodorslis to temperature, pH, and salinity, the juvenile Percocypris pingi retrodorslis were used as experimental objects. A single factor static acute toxicity test was used to study their tolerance to temperature, pH and salinity. The experimental results showed that their tolerance on temperature ranged from 0 to 32℃, and the lethal high and low temperature was 32℃ and 1℃, respectively. The optimum growth temperature was between 8 and 27℃. In addition, the optimum growth pH was 5.0—9.0. However, the juvenile fish began to die when pH was higher than 9.5 or lower than 4.7(within 96 h after treatment). The effects of different alkalinity on the survival of juvenile fish have significant difference(P<0.05), after the treatment for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h,but there was no significant difference effects on the survival at different acidity level(P>0.05). The LC50 of acidity for the juvenile fish was 3.90, 3.96, 4.15 and 4.40 after treated for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, respectively. The LC50 of alkalinity was 11.20, 11.10, 10.98 and 10.89 after the treatment of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, respectively. The juvenile fish began to die when salinity was higher than 7.5, and the effects of different salinity on the survival of juvenile fish were significantly different(P<0.05). The LC50 of salinity for juvenile fish was 10.30, 9.25, 9, 8.85 and 8.82 g/L at 12 h, 24 h,48 h, 72 h and 96 h after treatment, respectively, and two safe concentration(SC) levels were 0.89 g/L and 2.385 g/L. The Percocypris pingi retrodorslis has been listed as endangered species, and our data will provide a theoretical foundation for the artificial breeding and trans regional breeding of Percocypris pingi retrodorslis.
引文
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[14]Yang J,Xu W,Geng L W,et al.Effect of Na HCO3 on survival and gill,kidney tissues in juveniles of 5 species[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2014,36(5):1115-1121[杨建,徐伟,耿龙武,等.Na HCO3碱度对5种幼鱼的生存及鳃、肾组织的影响.江西农业大学学报,2014,36(5):1115-1121]
[15]Zheng W G,Zhang Z Q,Zhang M Z.Study on tolerance of Carassrus auratus Pengze fingerlings to salinity and alkalinity[J].Journal of Jimei University(Natural Science),2004,9(2):127-130[郑伟刚,张兆琪,张美昭.澎泽鲫幼鱼对盐度和碱度耐受性的研究.集美大学学报:自然科学版,2004,9(2):127-130]
[16]Zheng W G,Zhang ZQ,Zhang M Z,et al.Toxicity of salinity and alkalinity to Lateolabrax japonicus fingerlings[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2005,13(3):116-118[郑伟刚,张兆琪,张美昭,等.盐度与碱度对花鲈幼鱼的毒性研究.中国生态农业学报,2005,13(3):116-118]
[17]Mc Cormick S D.The Hormonal Control of Osmoregulationin Teleost Fish.Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology[M].San Diego:Academic Press.2011,1466-1473
[18]Wang Y,Yang L,Wu B,et al.Transcriptome analysis of theplateau fish(Triplophysa dalaica):Implications for adaptation to hypoxia in fishes[J].Gene,2015,565(2):211-220
[19]Wang L,Pan L Q.A Study on penetration physiological adaptation of P.trituberculatus under low salinity[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2016,3(15):106-112[王林,潘鲁青.三疣梭子蟹在低盐胁迫下渗透生理适应性的研究.海洋湖沼通报,2016,3(15):106-112]
[20]Xia B M,Hou J L,Zhao F,et al.Effect of salinity on osmoregulation of Anguilla japonica[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(8):2182-2188[夏保密,侯俊利,赵峰,等.盐度对日本鳗鲡渗透压调节的影响.生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2182-2188]
[21]Liu Y J,Zhu H P,Lu M X,et al.Preliminary study on salinity tolerance of the juveniles of hybrid tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus♀×O.hornurum♂)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2015,1(20):109-112[刘玉姣,朱华平,卢迈新,等.莫荷罗非鱼幼鱼耐盐性能的初步研究.淡水渔业,2015,1(20):109-112]
[2]Liu Y T,Wu J D,Li G H,et al.Studies on artificial propagation techniques of Percocypris pingi retrodorslis[J].Modern Agricultural Sciences and Technology,2014,12(3):262-264[刘跃天,吴敬东,李光华,等.后背鲈鲤人工繁殖技术研究.现代农业科技,2014,12(3):262-264]
[3]Shen A H,Li G H,Wang H L,et al.Study on artificial domestication of Percocypris pingi retrodorslis[J].Modern Agricultural Sciences and Technology,2015,3(3):285-286[申安华,李光华,王海龙,等.后背鲈鲤人工驯养实验研究.现代农业科技,2015,3(3):285-286]
[4]Hu S Y,Chen X M,Zhao H T,et al.Study on the tolerance of Schizothorax grahami to salinity[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2014,33(3):430-433[胡思玉,陈雪梅,赵海涛,等.昆明裂腹鱼幼鱼对盐度的耐受性研究.四川动物,2014,33(3):430-433]
[5]Li B,Fan Q X,Zhang L,et al.A cute toxic effects of ammonia and nitrite on yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)at different dissolved oxygen levels[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2009,39(3):31-35[李波,樊启学,张磊,等.不同溶氧水平下氨氮和亚硝酸盐对黄颡鱼的急性毒性研究.淡水渔业,2009,39(3):31-35]
[6]Xie C G,Zhang R M,Tu E X,et al.Acute toxicity text of seven kinds of chemicals to young fish of Aspiorhynchus laticeps[J].Arid Zone Research,2010,27(1):104-108[谢春刚,张人茗,吐尔逊,等.七种常用药物对扁吻鱼幼鱼的急性毒性实验.干旱区研究,2010,27(1):104-108]
[7]Yu D,Sheng Z Y,Zhang Z,et al.Effectoftemperatureacclimation onthethermal tolerance of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2017,41(3):538-542[俞丹,沈中源,张智,等.温度驯化对尖头鱼歲热耐受特征的影响.水生生物学报,2017,41(3):538-542]
[8]Jin F P,Li G H,Gao H T,et al.Schizothorax lissolabiatus Tsao young fish to temperature,salinity,Phtolerance research[J].Fisheries Science Technology Information,2016,43(6):303-307[金方彭,李光华,高海涛,等.光唇裂腹鱼幼鱼对温度、盐度、p H的耐受性实验.水产科技情报,2016,43(6):303-307]
[9]Xiang J G.Physiological responses of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)towater temperature:a Preliminary study[D].Hunan Agricultural University.2008[向建国.虹鳟对水温应激反应的初步研究.湖南农业大学.2008]
[10]Gonzalez R J.The physiology of hyper-salinity tolerance inteleost fish:a review[J].Journal of Comparative Physiology B,2011,182(3):321-329
[11]Chen X,Wang X Q,Yan B L,et al.The study of p H tolerance of Oratosquilla oratoria[J].Fishery Information and Strategy,2007,22(1):23-24[陈旭,王兴强,阎斌伦,等.虾蛄对p H耐受性的研究.现代渔业信息,2007,22(1):23-24]
[12]Wu Y H,Zhao Y X.Tolerance of mantis shrimp oratosquilla kem pi to water temperature,salinity and p H[J].Fisheries Science,2015,34(8):502-505[吴耀华,赵延霞.黑斑口虾姑对水温、盐度和p H的耐受性研究.水产科学,2015,34(8):502-505]
[13]Wang Y,Zhuang P,Zhang L Z,et al.Effects of salinity onsurvival,growth and antioxidant defense system of Siganus guttatus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(1):66-73[王好,庄平,章龙珍,等.盐度对点篮子鱼的存活、生长及抗氧化防御系统的影响.水产学报,2011,35(1):66-73]
[14]Yang J,Xu W,Geng L W,et al.Effect of Na HCO3 on survival and gill,kidney tissues in juveniles of 5 species[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2014,36(5):1115-1121[杨建,徐伟,耿龙武,等.Na HCO3碱度对5种幼鱼的生存及鳃、肾组织的影响.江西农业大学学报,2014,36(5):1115-1121]
[15]Zheng W G,Zhang Z Q,Zhang M Z.Study on tolerance of Carassrus auratus Pengze fingerlings to salinity and alkalinity[J].Journal of Jimei University(Natural Science),2004,9(2):127-130[郑伟刚,张兆琪,张美昭.澎泽鲫幼鱼对盐度和碱度耐受性的研究.集美大学学报:自然科学版,2004,9(2):127-130]
[16]Zheng W G,Zhang ZQ,Zhang M Z,et al.Toxicity of salinity and alkalinity to Lateolabrax japonicus fingerlings[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2005,13(3):116-118[郑伟刚,张兆琪,张美昭,等.盐度与碱度对花鲈幼鱼的毒性研究.中国生态农业学报,2005,13(3):116-118]
[17]Mc Cormick S D.The Hormonal Control of Osmoregulationin Teleost Fish.Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology[M].San Diego:Academic Press.2011,1466-1473
[18]Wang Y,Yang L,Wu B,et al.Transcriptome analysis of theplateau fish(Triplophysa dalaica):Implications for adaptation to hypoxia in fishes[J].Gene,2015,565(2):211-220
[19]Wang L,Pan L Q.A Study on penetration physiological adaptation of P.trituberculatus under low salinity[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2016,3(15):106-112[王林,潘鲁青.三疣梭子蟹在低盐胁迫下渗透生理适应性的研究.海洋湖沼通报,2016,3(15):106-112]
[20]Xia B M,Hou J L,Zhao F,et al.Effect of salinity on osmoregulation of Anguilla japonica[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(8):2182-2188[夏保密,侯俊利,赵峰,等.盐度对日本鳗鲡渗透压调节的影响.生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2182-2188]
[21]Liu Y J,Zhu H P,Lu M X,et al.Preliminary study on salinity tolerance of the juveniles of hybrid tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus♀×O.hornurum♂)[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2015,1(20):109-112[刘玉姣,朱华平,卢迈新,等.莫荷罗非鱼幼鱼耐盐性能的初步研究.淡水渔业,2015,1(20):109-112]
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