基于同震水震波的水文地质参数求取方法探讨
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摘要
井-含水层系统水文地质参数是地下水/含水层水流模型中的关键参数,这些参数通常通过室内实验、野外试验和模型反演获取。基于新10井水位对远场地震的同震响应,通过频谱法分析了该井水震波与地震波的相关性,提出了一种利用水震波信号(主要是瑞利波引起)反演获取承压含水层水文地质参数的方法。结果表明新10井水震波与地震波在变化形态、频谱特征上均具有很好的一致性,估算得到的新10井-含水层系统的储水系数值为1.33×10~(-5)~1.64×10~(-5),渗透系数值为57~87 m/d。提出的承压井-含水层系统水文参数估算法具有很好的实用性,可为地下水管理、地震机理分析等提供一种新的技术方法。
Hydraulic parameters of a well-aquifer system are critical for groundwater flow models of a groundwater/aquifer system. These parameters are usually obtained through laboratory experiments,field tests and model inversions. Based on the coseismic responses of groundwater levels in the X10 well to distant earthquakes and the correlations of groundwater and seismic waves obtained from spectral analyses,this paper presents a methodology for estimating hydraulic parameters of a confined aquifer using groundwater wave signals( mainly caused by the Rayleigh waves). The results show a good agreement between the variations and spectrum characteristics of the groundwater waves and seismic waves in the X10 well. The estimated storativity of the X10 well-aquifer system is 1. 33 × 10~(-5)~ 1. 64 × 10~(-5),and the hydraulic conductivity is 57 ~ 87 m/d.The methodology for estimating hydraulic parameters of the confined well-aquifer systems presented in this paper is practical and can provide a new technical approach for groundwater management and the analyses of seismic precursory anomalies.
Hydraulic parameters of a well-aquifer system are critical for groundwater flow models of a groundwater/aquifer system. These parameters are usually obtained through laboratory experiments,field tests and model inversions. Based on the coseismic responses of groundwater levels in the X10 well to distant earthquakes and the correlations of groundwater and seismic waves obtained from spectral analyses,this paper presents a methodology for estimating hydraulic parameters of a confined aquifer using groundwater wave signals( mainly caused by the Rayleigh waves). The results show a good agreement between the variations and spectrum characteristics of the groundwater waves and seismic waves in the X10 well. The estimated storativity of the X10 well-aquifer system is 1. 33 × 10~(-5)~ 1. 64 × 10~(-5),and the hydraulic conductivity is 57 ~ 87 m/d.The methodology for estimating hydraulic parameters of the confined well-aquifer systems presented in this paper is practical and can provide a new technical approach for groundwater management and the analyses of seismic precursory anomalies.
引文
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[19]周志芳,徐海洋.一种实验确定弱透水层水文地质参数的原理与方法[J].水文地质工程地质,2014,41(5):1-4.[ZHOU Z F,XU H Y.Theory and methods for determining hydrogeological parameters of an aquitard based on experimental data[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2014,41(5):1-4.(in Chinese)]
[2]Ma L,Xu Y S,Shen S L,et al.Evaluation of thehydraulic conductivity of aquifers with piles[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2014,22(2):371-382.
[3]Jacob C E.On the flow of water in an elastic artesian aquifer[J].Eos,Transactions American Geophysical Union,1940,21(2):574-586.
[4]Cooper H H,Jacob C E.A generalized graphical method for evaluating formation constants and summarizing well‐field history[J].Eos,Transactions American Geophysical Union,1946,27(4):526-534.
[5]Sethi R.A dual-well step drawdown method for the estimation of linear and non-linear flow parameters and wellbore skin factor in confined aquifer systems[J].Journal of Hydrology,2011,400(1/2):187-194.
[6]Hsieh P A,Bredehoeft J D,Farr J M.Determination of aquifer transmissivity from earth tide analysis[J].Water resources research,1987,23(10):1824-1832.
[7]Ritzi R W,Sorooshian S,Hsieh P A.The estimation of fluid flow properties from the response of water levels in wells to the combined atmospheric and earth tide forces[J].Water Resources Research,1991,27(5):883-893.
[8]Shih D C F.Storage in confined aquifer:Spectral analysis of groundwater responses to seismic Rayleigh waves[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,374(1):83-91.
[9]Sun X,Wang G,Yang X.Coseismic response of water level in Changping well,China,to the Mw 9.0Tohoku earthquake[J].Journal of Hydrology,2015,531:1028-1039.
[10]Xue L,Li H B,Brodsky E E,et al.Continuous permeability measurements record healing inside the Wenchuan earthquake fault zone[J].Science,2013,340(6140):1555-1559.
[11]Wang C Y,Liao X,Wang L P,et al.Large earthquakes create vertical permeability by breaching aquitards[J].Water Resources Research,2016,52(8):5923-5937.
[12]Shi Z,Wang G.Aquifers switched from confined to semiconfined by earthquakes[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2016,43:1-7.
[13]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[14]Duhamel P,Vetterli M.Fast Fourier transforms:a tutorial review and a state of the art[J].Signal Processing,1990,19(4):259-299.
[15]Bendat J S,Piersol AG.Random Data,Analysis and Measurement Procedures[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,2000.
[16]Shih D C F,Wu Y M,Chang C H.Significant coherence for groundwater and Rayleigh waves:Evidence in spectral response of groundwater level in Taiwan using 2011 Tohoku earthquake,Japan[J].Journal of Hydrology,2013,486(1):57-70.
[17]Clark W E.Computing the barometric efficiency of a well[J].Journal of the Hydraulics Division,1967,93(4):93-98.
[18]葛勤,梁杏,龚绪龙,等.低渗透岩土有效扩散系数的室内测定与分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2017,44(3):93-99.[GE Q,LIANG X,GONG X L,et al.Laboratory determination and analysis of dffective diffusion coefficients for low-permeability rock and clay[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2014,44(3):93-99.(in Chinese)]
[19]周志芳,徐海洋.一种实验确定弱透水层水文地质参数的原理与方法[J].水文地质工程地质,2014,41(5):1-4.[ZHOU Z F,XU H Y.Theory and methods for determining hydrogeological parameters of an aquitard based on experimental data[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2014,41(5):1-4.(in Chinese)]
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