教育人力资本对区域技术创新影响的实证研究
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摘要
理论上人力资本对技术创新的进步有着重要影响,但经验分析的结论并不一致。实质上,人力资本对技术创新的作用与地区的经济发展、创新模式等都息息相关。运用面板数据分析研究教育人力资本以及分级教育人力资本对中国区域技术创新的影响差异,回归结果证实:中国东部、中部以及西部地区的教育人力资本对技术创新的作用系数都显著为正;分级教育人力资本中,只有高级人力资本对区域技术创新具有促进作用,初级人力资本与区域技术创新之间呈负相关,而中级人力资本只有在西部地区对技术创新起到积极促进作用。
In theory, human capital has an important influence on the progress of technological innovation, but the conclusion of empirical analysis is not consistent. In essence, the effect of human capital on technological innovation is closely related to the economic development, innovation mode and so on. This paper uses panel data to analyze and study the impact of educational human capital and hierarchical educational human capital on regional technological innovation in China, the regression results confirm that: whether it is in the eastern, central and western regions,the coefficient of effect of educational human capital on technological innovation is significantly positive. Among the human capital of hierarchical education, only advanced human capital can promote the regional technological innovation, and there is a negative correlation between the primary human capital and the regional technological innovation. The intermediate human capital only plays an active role in promoting technological innovation in the western region.
In theory, human capital has an important influence on the progress of technological innovation, but the conclusion of empirical analysis is not consistent. In essence, the effect of human capital on technological innovation is closely related to the economic development, innovation mode and so on. This paper uses panel data to analyze and study the impact of educational human capital and hierarchical educational human capital on regional technological innovation in China, the regression results confirm that: whether it is in the eastern, central and western regions,the coefficient of effect of educational human capital on technological innovation is significantly positive. Among the human capital of hierarchical education, only advanced human capital can promote the regional technological innovation, and there is a negative correlation between the primary human capital and the regional technological innovation. The intermediate human capital only plays an active role in promoting technological innovation in the western region.
引文
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[2]刘伟.经济发展和改革的历史性变化与增长方式的根本改变[J].经济研究,2006(1):4-10.
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[7]范允奇,李晓钟.政府R&D投入、空间外溢与我国高技术产业技术创新效率[J].工业技术经济,2014(5):101-107.
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[10]华萍.不同教育水平对全要素生产率增长的影响:来自中国省份的实证研究[J].经济学(季刊),2005,5(1):147-166.
[11]ROMER P M.Endogenous technological change[J].Journal of Political Economy,1990,98(5):71-102.
[12]BENHABIB J,SPIEGEL M M.The role of human capital in economic development:evidence from aggregate cross-country data[J].Journal of Monetary Economics,1994,34(2):143-173.
[13]黄燕萍,刘榆,吴一群,等.中国地区经济增长差异:基于分级教育的效应[J].经济研究,2013(4):94-105.
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[15]GRILICHES Z.Patent statistics as economic indicators:a survey[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1990,28(4):1661-1707.
[16]MANSFIELD E.Patents and innovation:an empirical study[J].Management Science,1986,32(2):173-181.
[17]高素英,陈蓉,张艳丽,等.京津冀人力资本与区域创新能力的关系研究[J].天津大学学报(社会科学版),2011,13(6):551-555.
[18]齐亚伟,陶长琪.环境约束下要素集聚对区域创新能力的影响:基于GWR模型的实证分析[J].科研管理,2014,35(9):17-24.
[19]章立军.区域创新环境与创新能力的系统性研究:基于省际数据的经验证据[J].财贸研究,2006(5):1-9.
[20]程雁,李平.创新基础设施对中国区域技术创新能力影响的实证分析[J].经济问题探索,2007(9):51-54.
[21]杨俊,李晓羽,杨尘.技术模仿、人力资本积累与自主创新:基于中国省际面板数据的实证分析[J].财经研究,2007,33(5):18-28.
[22]彭国华.我国地区全要素生产率与人力资本构成[J].中国工业经济,2007(2):52-59.
[2]刘伟.经济发展和改革的历史性变化与增长方式的根本改变[J].经济研究,2006(1):4-10.
[3]DAKHLI M,CLERCQ D D.Human capital,social capital,and innovation:a multi-country study[J].Entrepreneurship&Regional Development,2004,16(2):107-128.
[4]BENHABIB J,SPIEGEL M M.Human capital and technology diffusion[R].San Francisco:FRB of San Francisco.2004.
[5]许和连,亓朋,祝树金.贸易开放度、人力资本与全要素生产率:基于中国省际面板数据的经验分析[J].世界经济,2006(12):3-11.
[6]吴玉鸣.空间计量经济模型在省域研发与创新中的应用研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2006(5):74-85.
[7]范允奇,李晓钟.政府R&D投入、空间外溢与我国高技术产业技术创新效率[J].工业技术经济,2014(5):101-107.
[8]颜鹏飞,王兵.技术效率、技术进步与生产率增长:基于DEA的实证分析[J].经济研究,2004(12):55-65.
[9]李平,崔喜君,刘建.中国自主创新中研发资本投入产出绩效分析:兼论人力资本和知识产权保护的影响[J].中国社会科学,2007(2):32-42.
[10]华萍.不同教育水平对全要素生产率增长的影响:来自中国省份的实证研究[J].经济学(季刊),2005,5(1):147-166.
[11]ROMER P M.Endogenous technological change[J].Journal of Political Economy,1990,98(5):71-102.
[12]BENHABIB J,SPIEGEL M M.The role of human capital in economic development:evidence from aggregate cross-country data[J].Journal of Monetary Economics,1994,34(2):143-173.
[13]黄燕萍,刘榆,吴一群,等.中国地区经济增长差异:基于分级教育的效应[J].经济研究,2013(4):94-105.
[14]BASBERG B L.Patents and the measurement of technological change:a survey of the literature[J].Research Policy,1987,16(2/4):131-141.
[15]GRILICHES Z.Patent statistics as economic indicators:a survey[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1990,28(4):1661-1707.
[16]MANSFIELD E.Patents and innovation:an empirical study[J].Management Science,1986,32(2):173-181.
[17]高素英,陈蓉,张艳丽,等.京津冀人力资本与区域创新能力的关系研究[J].天津大学学报(社会科学版),2011,13(6):551-555.
[18]齐亚伟,陶长琪.环境约束下要素集聚对区域创新能力的影响:基于GWR模型的实证分析[J].科研管理,2014,35(9):17-24.
[19]章立军.区域创新环境与创新能力的系统性研究:基于省际数据的经验证据[J].财贸研究,2006(5):1-9.
[20]程雁,李平.创新基础设施对中国区域技术创新能力影响的实证分析[J].经济问题探索,2007(9):51-54.
[21]杨俊,李晓羽,杨尘.技术模仿、人力资本积累与自主创新:基于中国省际面板数据的实证分析[J].财经研究,2007,33(5):18-28.
[22]彭国华.我国地区全要素生产率与人力资本构成[J].中国工业经济,2007(2):52-59.