三峡库区岩溶景区危岩破坏模式及稳定性——以重庆天生三桥深秀洞陡崖危岩为例
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摘要
天生三桥景区深秀洞陡崖存在16处危岩,严重威胁到深秀洞下方水幕电梯和两侧栈道工程的安全。通过现场勘测和理论分析的方法,研究了危岩基本特征和破坏模式,进一步采用定性与定量相结合的方法对危岩稳定性进行综合评价。研究结果表明:天生三桥景区深秀洞陡崖危岩发育,其形态多样、规模不等,破坏后影响范围大、后果严重;危岩破坏模式主要表现为滑移式、倾倒式和坠落式三种;采用RMR法对陡崖岩体稳定性进行评价,陡崖岩体属于Ⅳ级,岩体质量为差岩体;采用赤平投影分析对陡崖岩体稳定性进行评价,岩体受结构面切割严重,裂隙L1、L4和多组组合交线为不稳定结构;对危岩稳定性进行定量评价,计算出危岩介于稳定与欠稳定状态之间,但在暴雨工况下,危岩大多处于欠稳定状态。研究成果可为后期危岩防治提供一定的科学依据和理论支撑。
There were 16 dangerous rocks on the cliff of Shenxiu cave in Tiansheng Sanqiao scenic spot,which seriously threatens the safety of the water-curtain elevator and the plank road works under the Shenxiu cave.Through the methods of site survey and theoretical analysis,the basic characteristics and failure mode of dangerous rock were studied,and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to comprehensively evaluate the stability of dangerous rock. The results show that dangerous rock on the cliff of Shenxiu cave in Tiansheng Sanqiao scenic spot were well developed,which have various shapes and different scales. After destruction,the impact scope was large and the consequences were serious. The failure mode of dangerous rock can be divided into three types which are slipping,toppling and falling. The stability of cliff rock blocks were evaluated by RMR method. The rock blocks belong to grade IV and its quality is poor. The stability of cliff rock blocks was evaluated by stereographic projection analysis. The rock blocks was severely cut by structural planes,and fissures L1,L4 and the intersection lines of multiple combinations were unstable structures. Quantitative evaluation the stability of dangerous rock,and the dangerous rock is calculated to be between stable and unstable,but under the condition of rainstorm,dangerous rock was mostly in unstable state. The research results provide a certain scientific basis and theoretical support for the prevention and control of dangerous rock in the later period.
There were 16 dangerous rocks on the cliff of Shenxiu cave in Tiansheng Sanqiao scenic spot,which seriously threatens the safety of the water-curtain elevator and the plank road works under the Shenxiu cave.Through the methods of site survey and theoretical analysis,the basic characteristics and failure mode of dangerous rock were studied,and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to comprehensively evaluate the stability of dangerous rock. The results show that dangerous rock on the cliff of Shenxiu cave in Tiansheng Sanqiao scenic spot were well developed,which have various shapes and different scales. After destruction,the impact scope was large and the consequences were serious. The failure mode of dangerous rock can be divided into three types which are slipping,toppling and falling. The stability of cliff rock blocks were evaluated by RMR method. The rock blocks belong to grade IV and its quality is poor. The stability of cliff rock blocks was evaluated by stereographic projection analysis. The rock blocks was severely cut by structural planes,and fissures L1,L4 and the intersection lines of multiple combinations were unstable structures. Quantitative evaluation the stability of dangerous rock,and the dangerous rock is calculated to be between stable and unstable,but under the condition of rainstorm,dangerous rock was mostly in unstable state. The research results provide a certain scientific basis and theoretical support for the prevention and control of dangerous rock in the later period.
引文
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2 许家美.三峡库区典型危岩形成机制及治理技术研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(8):70-75Xu Jiamei. Formation mechanism and control technology of typical perilous rock in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2017,36(8):70-75
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4 邓珊珊,陈洪凯,游来凤.喀斯特山区危岩崩塌形成机制研究———以三峡库区巫溪海螺湾危岩为例[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,29(6):4,35-38Deng Shanshan,Chen Hongkai,You Laifeng. Developing mechanics for perilous rock in karst area:Taking the Hailuo bay in the three gorges as an example[J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Natural Science),2012,29(6):4,35-38
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7 王磊,李滨,冯振,等.武隆县羊角场镇厚层灰岩山体大型危岩体破坏模式及成因机制研究[J].地质学报,2015,89(2):461-471Wang Lei,Li Bin,Feng Zhen,et al. The failure patterns and their formation mechanisms of large perilous rocks in thick layered limestone masses in Yangjiaochang town,Wulong county[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,89(2):461-471
8 何潇,陈洪凯,唐红梅,等.长江三峡灰岩区危岩形成机理及稳定性分析研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(6):155-160He Xiao,Chen Hongkai,Tang Hongmei,et al. Research on the mechanism of the development of unstable rocks in the limestone area in the Three Gorges and stability analysis for the rocks[J]. Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2014,36(6):155-160
9 陈洪凯,王圣娟.望霞危岩破坏模式及其力学解译[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,35(1):48-55Chen Hongkai,Wang Shengjuan. Study on failure model of Wangxia perilous rock and its mechanical interpretation[J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Natural Science),2018,35(1):48-55
10刘贺军,吴玉涛,李晓乐,等.河北阜平县石滩地村危岩体变形破坏模式及稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2018,29(4):50-57,63Liu Hejun,Wu Yutao,Li Xiaole,et al. Deformation failure mode and stability analysis of dangerous rock mass in Shitandi village,Fuping county of Hebei province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2018,29(4):50-57,63
11 Bieniawski Z T. Determining rock mass determability:experience from case histories[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science&Geomechanics Abstract,1978(15):237-247
12 王乐华,李建荣,李建林,等. RMR法评价体系的修正及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3309-3316Wang Lehua,Li Jianrong,Li Jianlin,et al. Correction of RMR system and its engineering application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(S2):3309-3316
13 齐三红,杨继华,郭卫新,等.修正RMR法在地下洞室围岩分类中的应用研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(增刊2):1922-1925Qi Sanhong,Yang Jihua,Guo Weixin,et al. Application study on underground caverns surrounding rock classification based on the revised RMR method[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(S2):1922-1925
14 蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:25-27Cai Meifeng,He Manchao,Liu Dongyan. Rock mechanics and engineering[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2002:25-27
2 许家美.三峡库区典型危岩形成机制及治理技术研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(8):70-75Xu Jiamei. Formation mechanism and control technology of typical perilous rock in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2017,36(8):70-75
3 Stokes A,Norris J E,Greenwood J R. Slope stability anderosion control:Ecotechnological solutions[M]. Netherlands:Publications of the Universiteit van Amsterdam,2008:17-64
4 邓珊珊,陈洪凯,游来凤.喀斯特山区危岩崩塌形成机制研究———以三峡库区巫溪海螺湾危岩为例[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,29(6):4,35-38Deng Shanshan,Chen Hongkai,You Laifeng. Developing mechanics for perilous rock in karst area:Taking the Hailuo bay in the three gorges as an example[J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Natural Science),2012,29(6):4,35-38
5 Santo A,Del Prete S,Di Crescenzo G,et al. Karst processes and slope instability:Some investigations in the carbonate Apennine of Campania(southern Italy)[J]. Geological Society,Special Publications,2007,279(1):59-72
6 Mu C M,Lao Z P,Liu B C,et al. Study on the formation mechanism of the lime perilous rock in Guilin areas[C]//Remote Sensing,Environment and Transportation Engineering(RSETE),2011 International Conference. Nanjing:IEEE Press,2011,6373-6377
7 王磊,李滨,冯振,等.武隆县羊角场镇厚层灰岩山体大型危岩体破坏模式及成因机制研究[J].地质学报,2015,89(2):461-471Wang Lei,Li Bin,Feng Zhen,et al. The failure patterns and their formation mechanisms of large perilous rocks in thick layered limestone masses in Yangjiaochang town,Wulong county[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,89(2):461-471
8 何潇,陈洪凯,唐红梅,等.长江三峡灰岩区危岩形成机理及稳定性分析研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(6):155-160He Xiao,Chen Hongkai,Tang Hongmei,et al. Research on the mechanism of the development of unstable rocks in the limestone area in the Three Gorges and stability analysis for the rocks[J]. Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2014,36(6):155-160
9 陈洪凯,王圣娟.望霞危岩破坏模式及其力学解译[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,35(1):48-55Chen Hongkai,Wang Shengjuan. Study on failure model of Wangxia perilous rock and its mechanical interpretation[J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Natural Science),2018,35(1):48-55
10刘贺军,吴玉涛,李晓乐,等.河北阜平县石滩地村危岩体变形破坏模式及稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2018,29(4):50-57,63Liu Hejun,Wu Yutao,Li Xiaole,et al. Deformation failure mode and stability analysis of dangerous rock mass in Shitandi village,Fuping county of Hebei province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2018,29(4):50-57,63
11 Bieniawski Z T. Determining rock mass determability:experience from case histories[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science&Geomechanics Abstract,1978(15):237-247
12 王乐华,李建荣,李建林,等. RMR法评价体系的修正及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3309-3316Wang Lehua,Li Jianrong,Li Jianlin,et al. Correction of RMR system and its engineering application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(S2):3309-3316
13 齐三红,杨继华,郭卫新,等.修正RMR法在地下洞室围岩分类中的应用研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(增刊2):1922-1925Qi Sanhong,Yang Jihua,Guo Weixin,et al. Application study on underground caverns surrounding rock classification based on the revised RMR method[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(S2):1922-1925
14 蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:25-27Cai Meifeng,He Manchao,Liu Dongyan. Rock mechanics and engineering[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2002:25-27
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