海藻生物肥对草莓产量和品质的影响
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摘要
为探究新型海藻生物肥对草莓产量和品质的影响,以红颜草莓为试验材料,对其叶面喷施不同浓度的新型海藻生物肥,以喷施清水为对照。喷施处理后,计算草莓产量,测定盛果期草莓可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸、糖酸比、还原糖含量、硬度、抗坏血酸、总酚、花青素和类黄酮含量。结果表明,不同浓度海藻生物肥处理的草莓产量均有提升,其中在1 500倍海藻生物肥处理下,草莓果重、结果数和产量均极显著提高(P<0. 01),分别较对照增加了42. 96%、14. 67%和63. 93%。品质结果表明,1 500倍液海藻生物肥处理下,草莓的可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比、还原糖含量和硬度均达到最大值,且较对照均显著增加(P<0. 05),高于市售2种海藻肥处理;低浓度(2 500～1 500倍)海藻生物肥对草莓抗氧化物质积累有促进作用,其中1 500倍海藻生物肥处理下,草莓Vc含量达到最大值,且较对照提高50. 20%;在2 500倍海藻生物肥处理下,花青素与类黄酮含量均极显著增加(P <0. 01),较对照分别增加42. 00%与30. 56%,而高浓度(1 000～500倍)则抑制花青素与类黄酮的积累。综上,合理喷施新型海藻生物肥能提高草莓产量,提高抗氧化活性物质含量,改善草莓品质。本研究结果为新型海藻生物肥的规模化生产应用提供了理论依据。
In order to investigate the effects of liquid seaweed bio-fertilizer on yield,quality and antioxidant activities of strawberry,the variety of strawberry named beauty was selected as experimental materials,which was sprayed with different concentrations of new seaweed bio-fertilizer with water was used as control. After spraying,the yield of strawberry was calculated,and the soluble solids,titratable acid,sugar acid ratio,reducing sugar,hardness,ascorbic acid,total phenolics,anthocyanin and flavonoids in strawberry fruit were measured. The results of yield showed that the yield of strawberry increased with different concentrations of seaweed bio-fertilizer. The fruit weight,the number of fruit and yield of strawberry were significantly increased by 42. 96%,14. 67% and 63. 93% in the 1 500 times seaweed biofertilizer treatment,respectively,compared with the control group( P <0. 01). The results of quality showed that under different concentrations of seaweed bio-fertilizer treatment,different concentrations of seaweed fertilizer processing,quality indicators soluble solids,sugar acid ratio,reducing sugar,the hardness reached the maximum after treated with seaweed bio-fertilizer of 1 500 times,which were significantly improved compared with the control group and higher than the two other kinds of seaweed fertilizer( P<0. 05). low concentration( 2 500 ～ 1 500 times) of seaweed bio-fertilizer had a positive effect on antioxidant activities. Vc content reached the maximum value at the treatment of 1 500 times,and increased by 50. 20% compared with the control. The anthocyanins and flavonoids significantly improved under the 2 500 times,which increased by 42. 00% and 30. 56% compared with the control,respectively,while the high concentration( 1 000～ 500 times) were suppressed( P <0. 01). To sum up,the algae bio-fertilizer can increase strawberry yield,quality and the content of antioxidant substances. This study provided a theoretical basis for the large-scale production and application of the new seaweed bio-fertilizer.
In order to investigate the effects of liquid seaweed bio-fertilizer on yield,quality and antioxidant activities of strawberry,the variety of strawberry named beauty was selected as experimental materials,which was sprayed with different concentrations of new seaweed bio-fertilizer with water was used as control. After spraying,the yield of strawberry was calculated,and the soluble solids,titratable acid,sugar acid ratio,reducing sugar,hardness,ascorbic acid,total phenolics,anthocyanin and flavonoids in strawberry fruit were measured. The results of yield showed that the yield of strawberry increased with different concentrations of seaweed bio-fertilizer. The fruit weight,the number of fruit and yield of strawberry were significantly increased by 42. 96%,14. 67% and 63. 93% in the 1 500 times seaweed biofertilizer treatment,respectively,compared with the control group( P <0. 01). The results of quality showed that under different concentrations of seaweed bio-fertilizer treatment,different concentrations of seaweed fertilizer processing,quality indicators soluble solids,sugar acid ratio,reducing sugar,the hardness reached the maximum after treated with seaweed bio-fertilizer of 1 500 times,which were significantly improved compared with the control group and higher than the two other kinds of seaweed fertilizer( P<0. 05). low concentration( 2 500 ～ 1 500 times) of seaweed bio-fertilizer had a positive effect on antioxidant activities. Vc content reached the maximum value at the treatment of 1 500 times,and increased by 50. 20% compared with the control. The anthocyanins and flavonoids significantly improved under the 2 500 times,which increased by 42. 00% and 30. 56% compared with the control,respectively,while the high concentration( 1 000～ 500 times) were suppressed( P <0. 01). To sum up,the algae bio-fertilizer can increase strawberry yield,quality and the content of antioxidant substances. This study provided a theoretical basis for the large-scale production and application of the new seaweed bio-fertilizer.
引文
[1] Sharma S H S,Lyons G,Mcroberts C,Mccal D,Carmichael E,Andrews F,Swan R,Mc Cormack R,Mellon R. Biostimulant activityof brown seaweed species from Strangford Lough:compositionalanalyses of polysaccharides and bioassay of extracts using mung bean(Vigno mungo L.)and pak choi(Brassica rapa chinensis L.)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2012,24(5):1081-1091
[2] Spann T M,Little H A. Applications of a commercial extract of thebrown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum increases drought tolerance incontainer-grown ‘hamlin’ sweet orange nursery trees[J].Hortscience,2011,46(4):577-582
[3]刘培京.新型海藻生物有机液肥研制与肥效研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012
[4]王明鹏,陈蕾,刘正一,秦松,闫培生.海藻生物肥研究进展与展望[J].生物技术进展,2015,5(3):158-163
[5]杨芳,戴津权,梁春蝉,许涛.农用海藻及海藻肥发展现状[J].福建农业科技,2014,45(3):72-76
[6] Battacharyya D,Babgohari M Z,Rathor P. Seaweed extracts asbiostimulants in horticulture[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2015,196:39-48
[7]程然,生吉萍.草莓多酚类植物化学物研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2015,6(2):575-584
[8] Laghabenamrouche S,Madani K. Phenolic contents and antioxidantactivity of orange varieties(Citrus sinensis L. and Citrus aurantiumL.)cultivated in Algeria:peels and leaves[J]. Industrial Crops&Products,2013,50(10):723-730
[9] Oszmiański J,Wojdyo A. Comparative study of phenolic content andantioxidant activity of strawberry puree,clear,and cloudy juices[J]. European Food Research&Technology,2009,228(4):623-631
[10] Elbadrawy E,Sello A. Evaluation of nutritional value and antioxidantactivity of tomato peel extracts[J]. Arabian Journal of Chemistry,2016,9(S2):1010-1018
[11] Singh P,Vishwakarma S P,Singh R L. Antioxidant,oxidative DNAdamage protective and antimicrobial activities of the plant Trigonellafoenumgraecum[J]. Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,2014,94(12):2497-2504
[12] Moslemnezhad A,Mahjoub S,Moghadasi M. Altered plasma markerof oxidative DNA damage and total antioxidant capacity in patientswith Alzheimer's disease[J]. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine,2016,7(2):88-92
[13]金亮,阮松林,忻雅,方献平,李小白,马华升.森林草莓与栽培草莓体外抗氧化能力比较[J].核农学报,2015,29(1):79-86
[14]刘雪梅,赵鹏,徐继林,骆其君,王秀娟,陈海敏,严小军. LC-MS同时测定大型海藻中9个植物激素[J].药物分析杂志,2012(10):1747-1752
[15]周春丽,钟贤武,范鸿冰,吕玲琴,苏虎,李玉萍.果蔬及其制品中可溶性总糖和还原糖的测定方法评价[J].食品工业,2012,33(5):89-92
[16] Shao X F,Tu K,Tu S,Tu J. A combination of heat treatment andchitosan coating delays ripening and reduces decay in“gala”applefruit[J]. Journal of Food Quality,2011,35(2):83-92
[17]严娟,蔡志翔,张斌斌,钱巍,俞明亮.桃果肉总酚提取和测定方法的研究[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(3):642-647
[18]弓威,顾丰颖,贺凡,王锋.山楂叶有效成分提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究[J].核农学报,2015,29(8):1547-1558
[19]周秋枝,黄蕾,沈丹华,周秋枝,黄蕾,沈丹华.火棘果中原花青素含量测定方法的建立[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(7):314-318
[20] Sharma S H S,Fleming C,Selby C,Rao J R,Matin T. Plantbiostimulants:a review on the processing of macroalgae and use ofextracts for crop management to reduce abiotic and biotic stresses[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology,2014,26(1):465-490
[21] Colavita G M,Spera N,BlackhallⅤ,Sepulveda G M. Effect ofseaweed extract on pear fruit quality and yield[J]. ActaHorticulturae,2011,909:601-607
[22] Sabir A,Yazar K,Sabir F. Vine growth,yield,berry qualityattributes and leaf nutrient content of grapevines as influenced byseaweed extract(Ascophyllum nodosum)and nanosize fertilizerpulverizations[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2014,175:1-8
[23] Haider M W,Ayyub C M,Pervez M A. Impact of foliar applicationof seaweed extract on growth,yield and quality of potato(Solanumtuberosum L.)[J]. Soil&Environment,2012,31(2):157-162
[24] Elansary H O,Yessoufou K,Shokralla S,Mahmoud E A,SkalickaW K. Enhancing mint and basil oil composition and antibacterialactivity using seaweed extracts[J]. Industrial Crops&Products,2016,92:50-56
[25] Alam M Z,Braun G,Norrie J,Hodges D M. Effect of Ascophyllumextract application on plant growth,fruit yield and soil microbialcommunities of strawberry[J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2013,93:23-36
[26]刘继培,刘唯一,周婕,李桐,赵跃,张蒙.施用腐植酸和生物肥对草莓品质、产量及土壤农化性状的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(1):54-59
[27] Nabti E,Jha B,Hartmann A. Impact of seaweeds on agriculturalcrop production as biofertilizer[J]. International Journal ofEnvironmental Science&Technology,2016,14(5):1-16
[28]刘刚,侯桂明,刘军,闻小霞,秦彪,周爱凤.海藻肥对大棚洋香瓜产量和品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(10):81-82
[29] Kamel H M. Impact of garlic oil,seaweed extract and imazalil onkeeping quality of valencia orange fruits during cold storage[J].Journal of Horticultural Science&Ornomental Plants,2014,6(3):116-125
[30] Vassilios C,Maria T,Christos C,Sepulveda G M. The effects of aseaweed extract in addition to nitrogen and boron fertilization onproductivity,fruit maturation,leaf nutritional status and oil qualityof the olive(Olea europaea L.)cultivar Koroneiki[J]. Journal ofthe Science of Food&Agriculture,2009,89(6):984-988
[31] Fan D,Mark Hodges D,Critchley A T. A commercial extract ofbrown macroalga(Ascophyllum nodosum)affects yield and thenutritional quality of spinach in vitro[J]. Communications in SoilScience and Plant Analysis,2013,44(12):1873-1884
[32] Jayaraman J,Punja Z K. Commercial extract from the brown seaweedAscophyllum nodosum reduces fungal diseases in greenhousecucumber[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology,2011,23(3):353-361
[33] Naguib E M M,El-Baz F K,Salama Z A,Hanaa H A,Ali H F,Gaafar A A. Enhancement of phenolics, flavonoids andglucosinolates of broccoli(Brassica olaracea, var. Italica)asantioxidants in response to organic and bio-organic fertilizers[J].Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences,2012,11(2):135-142
[34] Lola L T,Hennequart F,Gaffney M. Effect on yield total phenolic,total flavonoid and total isothiocyanate content of two broccolicultivars(Brassica oleraceae varitalica)following the application of acommercial brown seaweed extract(Ascophyllum nodosum)[J].Food Science,2014,23(1):28-37
[2] Spann T M,Little H A. Applications of a commercial extract of thebrown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum increases drought tolerance incontainer-grown ‘hamlin’ sweet orange nursery trees[J].Hortscience,2011,46(4):577-582
[3]刘培京.新型海藻生物有机液肥研制与肥效研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012
[4]王明鹏,陈蕾,刘正一,秦松,闫培生.海藻生物肥研究进展与展望[J].生物技术进展,2015,5(3):158-163
[5]杨芳,戴津权,梁春蝉,许涛.农用海藻及海藻肥发展现状[J].福建农业科技,2014,45(3):72-76
[6] Battacharyya D,Babgohari M Z,Rathor P. Seaweed extracts asbiostimulants in horticulture[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2015,196:39-48
[7]程然,生吉萍.草莓多酚类植物化学物研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2015,6(2):575-584
[8] Laghabenamrouche S,Madani K. Phenolic contents and antioxidantactivity of orange varieties(Citrus sinensis L. and Citrus aurantiumL.)cultivated in Algeria:peels and leaves[J]. Industrial Crops&Products,2013,50(10):723-730
[9] Oszmiański J,Wojdyo A. Comparative study of phenolic content andantioxidant activity of strawberry puree,clear,and cloudy juices[J]. European Food Research&Technology,2009,228(4):623-631
[10] Elbadrawy E,Sello A. Evaluation of nutritional value and antioxidantactivity of tomato peel extracts[J]. Arabian Journal of Chemistry,2016,9(S2):1010-1018
[11] Singh P,Vishwakarma S P,Singh R L. Antioxidant,oxidative DNAdamage protective and antimicrobial activities of the plant Trigonellafoenumgraecum[J]. Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,2014,94(12):2497-2504
[12] Moslemnezhad A,Mahjoub S,Moghadasi M. Altered plasma markerof oxidative DNA damage and total antioxidant capacity in patientswith Alzheimer's disease[J]. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine,2016,7(2):88-92
[13]金亮,阮松林,忻雅,方献平,李小白,马华升.森林草莓与栽培草莓体外抗氧化能力比较[J].核农学报,2015,29(1):79-86
[14]刘雪梅,赵鹏,徐继林,骆其君,王秀娟,陈海敏,严小军. LC-MS同时测定大型海藻中9个植物激素[J].药物分析杂志,2012(10):1747-1752
[15]周春丽,钟贤武,范鸿冰,吕玲琴,苏虎,李玉萍.果蔬及其制品中可溶性总糖和还原糖的测定方法评价[J].食品工业,2012,33(5):89-92
[16] Shao X F,Tu K,Tu S,Tu J. A combination of heat treatment andchitosan coating delays ripening and reduces decay in“gala”applefruit[J]. Journal of Food Quality,2011,35(2):83-92
[17]严娟,蔡志翔,张斌斌,钱巍,俞明亮.桃果肉总酚提取和测定方法的研究[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(3):642-647
[18]弓威,顾丰颖,贺凡,王锋.山楂叶有效成分提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究[J].核农学报,2015,29(8):1547-1558
[19]周秋枝,黄蕾,沈丹华,周秋枝,黄蕾,沈丹华.火棘果中原花青素含量测定方法的建立[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(7):314-318
[20] Sharma S H S,Fleming C,Selby C,Rao J R,Matin T. Plantbiostimulants:a review on the processing of macroalgae and use ofextracts for crop management to reduce abiotic and biotic stresses[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology,2014,26(1):465-490
[21] Colavita G M,Spera N,BlackhallⅤ,Sepulveda G M. Effect ofseaweed extract on pear fruit quality and yield[J]. ActaHorticulturae,2011,909:601-607
[22] Sabir A,Yazar K,Sabir F. Vine growth,yield,berry qualityattributes and leaf nutrient content of grapevines as influenced byseaweed extract(Ascophyllum nodosum)and nanosize fertilizerpulverizations[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2014,175:1-8
[23] Haider M W,Ayyub C M,Pervez M A. Impact of foliar applicationof seaweed extract on growth,yield and quality of potato(Solanumtuberosum L.)[J]. Soil&Environment,2012,31(2):157-162
[24] Elansary H O,Yessoufou K,Shokralla S,Mahmoud E A,SkalickaW K. Enhancing mint and basil oil composition and antibacterialactivity using seaweed extracts[J]. Industrial Crops&Products,2016,92:50-56
[25] Alam M Z,Braun G,Norrie J,Hodges D M. Effect of Ascophyllumextract application on plant growth,fruit yield and soil microbialcommunities of strawberry[J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2013,93:23-36
[26]刘继培,刘唯一,周婕,李桐,赵跃,张蒙.施用腐植酸和生物肥对草莓品质、产量及土壤农化性状的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(1):54-59
[27] Nabti E,Jha B,Hartmann A. Impact of seaweeds on agriculturalcrop production as biofertilizer[J]. International Journal ofEnvironmental Science&Technology,2016,14(5):1-16
[28]刘刚,侯桂明,刘军,闻小霞,秦彪,周爱凤.海藻肥对大棚洋香瓜产量和品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(10):81-82
[29] Kamel H M. Impact of garlic oil,seaweed extract and imazalil onkeeping quality of valencia orange fruits during cold storage[J].Journal of Horticultural Science&Ornomental Plants,2014,6(3):116-125
[30] Vassilios C,Maria T,Christos C,Sepulveda G M. The effects of aseaweed extract in addition to nitrogen and boron fertilization onproductivity,fruit maturation,leaf nutritional status and oil qualityof the olive(Olea europaea L.)cultivar Koroneiki[J]. Journal ofthe Science of Food&Agriculture,2009,89(6):984-988
[31] Fan D,Mark Hodges D,Critchley A T. A commercial extract ofbrown macroalga(Ascophyllum nodosum)affects yield and thenutritional quality of spinach in vitro[J]. Communications in SoilScience and Plant Analysis,2013,44(12):1873-1884
[32] Jayaraman J,Punja Z K. Commercial extract from the brown seaweedAscophyllum nodosum reduces fungal diseases in greenhousecucumber[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology,2011,23(3):353-361
[33] Naguib E M M,El-Baz F K,Salama Z A,Hanaa H A,Ali H F,Gaafar A A. Enhancement of phenolics, flavonoids andglucosinolates of broccoli(Brassica olaracea, var. Italica)asantioxidants in response to organic and bio-organic fertilizers[J].Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences,2012,11(2):135-142
[34] Lola L T,Hennequart F,Gaffney M. Effect on yield total phenolic,total flavonoid and total isothiocyanate content of two broccolicultivars(Brassica oleraceae varitalica)following the application of acommercial brown seaweed extract(Ascophyllum nodosum)[J].Food Science,2014,23(1):28-37