微弧氧化处理对钛合金超声辐射杆抗腐蚀性能的影响
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摘要
为了提高钛合金超声辐射杆在半连续铸造中的抗空化腐蚀性能,采用NaSiO_3-NaPO_3复合盐电解液在钛合金超声辐射杆表面制备了微弧氧化膜层,然后在700℃铝熔体环境下与未作处理的辐射杆对比开展空化腐蚀实验。采用硬度仪和附着力拉拔仪分别检测氧化层的硬度和结合强度,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了微弧氧化膜层、基体及空化腐蚀后的表面组织形貌,并利用能谱仪(EDS)及X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了腐蚀产物。结果表明:所得微弧氧化膜层厚度为25～30μm,硬度达到866 HV0.05,膜层结合强度达到36 MPa;在高温铝熔体空化腐蚀15 h后,经微弧氧化处理的钛合金超声辐射杆的质量损失约为未作处理的钛合金辐射杆的1/3,平均腐蚀深度约为未作处理的辐射杆的1/2,其力学性能得到增强,化学稳定性有所提高,抗腐蚀性能显著增强。
In order to improve the cavitation corrosion resistance of titanium alloy ultrasonic radiation rod in semi-continuous casting, a micro-arc oxidation film was prepared on its surface by using NaSiO_3-NaPO_3 compound salt electrolyte.Then the cavitation corrosion test was carried out under 700 ℃ aluminum melt environment compared with the untreated radiation rod. The hardness and bonding strength of the oxide layer were measured by hardness tester and adhesion drawing instrument respectively. The microstructure of the micro-arc oxidation film, the substrate and the cavitation corrosion surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The corrosion products were analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) analysis and X-ray diffractometer(XRD). The results show that the thickness of the micro-arc oxidation film is 25-30 μm, the hardness is 866 HV0.05, and the bonding strength is 36 MPa. After cavitation corrosion test for 15 h in 700 ℃ aluminum melt, the mass loss of the titanium alloy ultrasonic radiation rod treated by micro-arc oxidation is about 1/3 of that of untreated titanium alloy ultrasonic radiation rod, the average corrosion depth is about 1/2 of that of untreated rod, and its mechanical properties, chemical stability and corrosion resistance are significantly enhanced.
In order to improve the cavitation corrosion resistance of titanium alloy ultrasonic radiation rod in semi-continuous casting, a micro-arc oxidation film was prepared on its surface by using NaSiO_3-NaPO_3 compound salt electrolyte.Then the cavitation corrosion test was carried out under 700 ℃ aluminum melt environment compared with the untreated radiation rod. The hardness and bonding strength of the oxide layer were measured by hardness tester and adhesion drawing instrument respectively. The microstructure of the micro-arc oxidation film, the substrate and the cavitation corrosion surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The corrosion products were analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) analysis and X-ray diffractometer(XRD). The results show that the thickness of the micro-arc oxidation film is 25-30 μm, the hardness is 866 HV0.05, and the bonding strength is 36 MPa. After cavitation corrosion test for 15 h in 700 ℃ aluminum melt, the mass loss of the titanium alloy ultrasonic radiation rod treated by micro-arc oxidation is about 1/3 of that of untreated titanium alloy ultrasonic radiation rod, the average corrosion depth is about 1/2 of that of untreated rod, and its mechanical properties, chemical stability and corrosion resistance are significantly enhanced.
引文
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[18] 郭程熙.铝熔体中超声辐射杆空蚀试验与机理研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2013.GUO Cheng-xi.Cavitation test and mechanism study of ultrasonic radiation rod in aluminum melt[D].Changsha:Central South University,2013.
[2] 谢恩华,李晓谦.超声波熔体处理过程中的声流现象[J].工程科学学报,2009,31(11):1425-1429.XIE En-hua,LI Xiao-qian.Acoustic flow phenomenon in ultrasonic melt treatment[J].Journal of Engineering Science,2009,31(11):1425-1429.
[3] 张敏.超声辐射杆纵横振动对铝熔体空化及细晶区域影响[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.ZHANG Min.Effects of vertical and horizontal vibration of ultrasonic radiation rods on cavitation and fine crystal regions of aluminum melt[D].Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[4] Mochizuki H,Yokota M,Hattori S.Effects of materials and solution temperatures on cavitation erosion of pure titanium and titanium alloy in seawater[J].Wear,2007,262(5/6):522-528.
[5] Selvam K,Mandal P,Grewal H S,et al.Ultrasonic cavitation erosion-corrosion behavior of friction stir processed stainless steel[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2018,44.
[6] 董方,李晓谦,张敏.铝熔体中超声辐射杆的空蚀实验及机理研究[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015(2):85-88.DONG Fang,LI Xiao-qian,ZHANG Min.Cavitation experiment and mechanism research of ultrasonic radiation rod in aluminum melt[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2015(2):85-88.
[7] Erfanifar E,Aliofkhazraei M,Nabavi H F,et al.Growth kinetics and morphology of microarc oxidation coating on titanium[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2017,315:567-576.
[8] Banakh O,Journot T,Gay P A,et al.Synthesis by anodic-spark deposition of Ca- and P-containing films on pure titanium and their biological response[J].Applied Surface Science,2016,378:207-215.
[9] Cui W F,Jin L,Zhou L.Surface characteristics and electrochemical corrosion behavior of a pre-anodized microarc oxidation coating on titanium alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering C(Materials for Biological Applications),2013,33(7):3775-3779.
[10] Cheng F,Li S S,Gui W Y,et al.Surface modification of Ti-45Al-8.5Nb alloys by microarc oxidation to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance[J].Progress in Natural Science Materials International,2018,28(3):386-390.
[11] Cheng F,Jiang S,Liang J.Cavitation erosion resistance of microarc oxidation coating on aluminium alloy[J].Applied Surface Science,2013,280(8):287-296.
[12] 倪尔鑫,段志操,唐婉霞,等.钛合金表面恒流微弧氧化制备生物陶瓷膜的最优工艺参数研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2016(s1):80-84.NI Er-xin,DUAN Zhi-cao,TANG Wan-xia,et al.Study on the optimal process parameters for preparing bioceramics films with constant flow micro-arc oxidation on the surface of titanium alloys[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2016(s1):80-84.
[13] 张瑞珠,韩林萍,唐明奇,等.钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷层及其复合膜层研究进展[J].人工晶体学报,2018(1):219-224.ZHANG Rui-zhu,HAN Lin-pin,TANG Ming-qi,et al.Research progress of titanium alloy micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer and its composite membrane layer[J].Journal of Artificial Crystal,2018(1):219-224.
[14] Hajian M,Abdollah-Zadeh A,Rezaei-Nejad S S,et al.Improvement in cavitation erosion resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel by friction stir processing[J].Applied Surface Science,2014,308(3):184-192.
[15] 薛伟,陈昭运.空蚀破坏的微观过程研究[J].机械工程材料,2005,29(2):40-43.XUE Wei,CHEN Zhao-yun.Study on the microscopic process of cavitation damage[J].Mechanical Engineering Materials,2005,29(2):40-43.
[16] 董方,李晓谦,张敏.大铸锭铝熔体中超声振动系统空化区域分析及实验研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015(10):3625-3630.DONG Fang,LI Xiao-qian,ZHANG Min.Analysis and experimental study on cavitation region of ultrasonic vibration system in large cast ingot aluminum melt[J].Journal of Central South University:Nature Science Edition,2015(10):3625-3630.
[17] Brunatto S F,Allenstein A N,Allenstein C L,et al.Cavitationerosion behaviour of niobium[J].Wear,2012,274-275 (1):220-228.
[18] 郭程熙.铝熔体中超声辐射杆空蚀试验与机理研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2013.GUO Cheng-xi.Cavitation test and mechanism study of ultrasonic radiation rod in aluminum melt[D].Changsha:Central South University,2013.