基于功能空间分类的抚仙湖流域“3类空间”时空格局变化
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摘要
为了了解高原湖泊流域"3类空间"的布局结构,探析流域在发展过程中"3类空间"的格局变化及其变化趋势,本文以抚仙湖流域为研究对象,从土地功能空间分类的角度研究抚仙湖流域"3类空间"分类体系,并分析了2005—2015年流域"3类空间"时空格局变化特征,为抚仙湖流域生态环境保护决策和国土空间格局优化研究提供理论参考。结果表明:(1) 2005—2015年抚仙湖流域城镇空间呈上升趋势,10 a增加了71.37%,农业空间呈下降趋势,10 a减少了6.38%,生态空间先升后降,总体增加了0.48%;(2) 2005年、2010年和2015年抚仙湖流域"3类空间"格局基本一致,以生态空间为主,但城镇空间格局、农业空间格局和生态空间格局的分布存在明显差别,城镇空间和农业空间主要分布于抚仙湖流域的北部,而生态空间除抚仙湖湖泊水面外在流域四周均有分布;(3)从变化程度上看,"3类空间"格局变化差异显著,城镇空间和农业空间格局变化主要发生在流域北部,而生态空间则在湖泊中部沿岸地区。
In order to understand the layout structure of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the plateau lake basin and explore the pattern change and its changing trend of the 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the development process of the basin, we take the Fuxian Lake Basin as the research site, and examine the classification system of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the Fuxian Lake Basin from the perspective of land function space classification, and analyze the characteristics of spatial-temporal patterns of the 'three types of space' in the basin from 2005 to 2015, which provides the theoretical reference for the ecological environmental protection decision-making of the Fuxian Lake Basin and the optimization of the land space pattern. The results show that:(1) from 2005 to 2015, in the Fuxian Lake Basin, the urban space was on the rise, with an increase of 71.37% in ten years, the agricultural space was in a downward trend, with a decrease of 6.38% in ten years, and the ecological space was rising first and decreasing later, the overall increase was 0.48%;(2) from 2005 to 2015, the pattern of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the Fuxian Lake Basin was basically the same, with ecological space as the main pattern, but there were obvious differences in the distribution characteristics of urban spatial pattern, agricultural spatial pattern and ecological space pattern; urban space and agricultural space mainly distributed in the Fuxian Lake Basin; in the north of the city, the ecological space distributed around the basin in addition to the water surface of the lake at Fuxian Lake;(3) from the degree of change, the spatial pattern of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' varied significantly; changes in urban space and agricultural spatial patterns mainly occurred in the northern part of the basin, while ecological space was in the central part of the lake.
In order to understand the layout structure of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the plateau lake basin and explore the pattern change and its changing trend of the 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the development process of the basin, we take the Fuxian Lake Basin as the research site, and examine the classification system of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the Fuxian Lake Basin from the perspective of land function space classification, and analyze the characteristics of spatial-temporal patterns of the 'three types of space' in the basin from 2005 to 2015, which provides the theoretical reference for the ecological environmental protection decision-making of the Fuxian Lake Basin and the optimization of the land space pattern. The results show that:(1) from 2005 to 2015, in the Fuxian Lake Basin, the urban space was on the rise, with an increase of 71.37% in ten years, the agricultural space was in a downward trend, with a decrease of 6.38% in ten years, and the ecological space was rising first and decreasing later, the overall increase was 0.48%;(2) from 2005 to 2015, the pattern of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' in the Fuxian Lake Basin was basically the same, with ecological space as the main pattern, but there were obvious differences in the distribution characteristics of urban spatial pattern, agricultural spatial pattern and ecological space pattern; urban space and agricultural space mainly distributed in the Fuxian Lake Basin; in the north of the city, the ecological space distributed around the basin in addition to the water surface of the lake at Fuxian Lake;(3) from the degree of change, the spatial pattern of 'town-agriculture-ecological space' varied significantly; changes in urban space and agricultural spatial patterns mainly occurred in the northern part of the basin, while ecological space was in the central part of the lake.
引文
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[10] 黄金川,林浩曦,漆潇潇.面向国土空间优化的三生空间研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):378-391.
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[22] 吴艳娟,杨艳昭,杨玲,等.基于“三生空间”的城市国土空间开发建设适宜性评价:以宁波市为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(11):2072-2081.
[23] 刘继来,刘彦随,李裕瑞.中国“三生空间”分类评价与时空格局分析[J].地理学报,2017,72(7):1290-1304.
[24] 柳冬青,马学成,巩杰,等.流域“三生空间”功能识别及时空格局分析:以甘肃白龙江流域为例[J].生态学杂志,2018,37(5):1490-1497.
[25] 董捷,陈星,张安录.基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群土地集约利用空间差异研究[J].华中农业大学学报:社会科学版,2017(6):110-117,152.
[26] 龙花楼,屠爽爽.论乡村重构[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):563-576.
[27] 余文波,蔡海生,张莹,等.基于RS及GIS的南昌市土地生态安全动态评价及分区[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):244-249,256.
[28] 李建华,许懿豪,陈运春,等.服务乌蒙山区农业产业化发展的土地利用分区:以云南省寻甸县为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(5):145-153.
[29] 金星星,陆玉麒,林金煌,等.闽三角城市群生产—生活—生态时空格局演化与功能测度[J].生态学报,2018,38(12):4286-4295.
[30] 温荣伟.基于生态系统管理的滨海湿地“多规合一”空间分类体系研究[D].福建厦门:国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,2017.
[31] 于莉,宋安安,郑宇,等.“三生用地”分类及其空间格局分析:以昌黎县为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(2):89-96.
[32] 王考,姚云峰,包金兰.县级尺度“三生”用地动态变化及其空间集聚特征[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(1):306-312.
[33] 徐磊,董捷,陈恩.基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群国土空间利用协调特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):257-263.
[2] 扈万泰,王力国,舒沐晖.城乡规划编制中的“三生空间”划定思考[J].城市规划,2016,40(5):21-26,53.
[3] 时振钦,邓伟,张少尧.近25年横断山区国土空间格局与时空变化研究[J].地理研究,2018,37(3):607-621.
[4] 张红旗,许尔琪,朱会义.中国“三生用地”分类及其空间格局[J].资源科学,2015,37(7):1332-1338.
[5] 党丽娟,徐勇,高雅.土地利用功能分类及空间结构评价方法:以燕沟流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(5):193-197,203.
[6] 袁月.连片贫困区“生态—生产—生活”承载力综合评价研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2017.
[7] 张琴琴,瓦哈甫·哈力克,麦尔哈巴·麦提尼亚孜,等.基于SD模型的吐鲁番市生态—生产—生活承载力分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):54-60.
[8] 李广东,方创琳.城市生态—生产—生活空间功能定量识别与分析[J].地理学报,2016,71(1):49-65.
[9] 刘鹏,陈荣蓉,杨朝现,等.基于“三生空间”协调的农村居民点布局优化研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):283-288.
[10] 黄金川,林浩曦,漆潇潇.面向国土空间优化的三生空间研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):378-391.
[11] 胡兴定.基于人居环境的采矿复垦区“三生”空间优化研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2016.
[12] 洪惠坤.“三生”功能协调下的重庆市乡村空间优化研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2016.
[13] 席建超,王首琨,张瑞英.旅游乡村聚落“生产—生活—生态”空间重构与优化:河北野三坡旅游区苟各庄村的案例实证[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(3):425-435.
[14] 朱媛媛,余斌,曾菊新,等.国家限制开发区“生产—生活—生态”空间的优化:以湖北省五峰县为例[J].经济地理,2015,35(4):26-32.
[15] 樊杰.中国主体功能区划方案[J].地理学报,2015,70(2):186-201.
[16] Fan J,Li P.The scientific foundation of Major Function Oriented Zoning in China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2009,19(5):515-531.
[17] 王琳,卢小凤.基于TM影像的盐城市土地利用时空变化研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(4):464-468.
[18] 陈婧,史培军.土地利用功能分类探讨[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2005,41(5):536-540.
[19] Nelson E,Mendoza G,Regetz J,et al.Modeling multiple ecosystem services,biodiversity conservation,commodity production,and tradeoffs at landscape scales[J].Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2009,7(1):4-11.
[20] Bennett E M,Peterson G D,Gordon L J.Understanding relationships among multiple ecosystem services[J].Ecology Letters,2009,12(12):1394-1404.
[21] 王昆.基于适宜性评价的生产—生活—生态(三生)空间划定研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2018.
[22] 吴艳娟,杨艳昭,杨玲,等.基于“三生空间”的城市国土空间开发建设适宜性评价:以宁波市为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(11):2072-2081.
[23] 刘继来,刘彦随,李裕瑞.中国“三生空间”分类评价与时空格局分析[J].地理学报,2017,72(7):1290-1304.
[24] 柳冬青,马学成,巩杰,等.流域“三生空间”功能识别及时空格局分析:以甘肃白龙江流域为例[J].生态学杂志,2018,37(5):1490-1497.
[25] 董捷,陈星,张安录.基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群土地集约利用空间差异研究[J].华中农业大学学报:社会科学版,2017(6):110-117,152.
[26] 龙花楼,屠爽爽.论乡村重构[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):563-576.
[27] 余文波,蔡海生,张莹,等.基于RS及GIS的南昌市土地生态安全动态评价及分区[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):244-249,256.
[28] 李建华,许懿豪,陈运春,等.服务乌蒙山区农业产业化发展的土地利用分区:以云南省寻甸县为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(5):145-153.
[29] 金星星,陆玉麒,林金煌,等.闽三角城市群生产—生活—生态时空格局演化与功能测度[J].生态学报,2018,38(12):4286-4295.
[30] 温荣伟.基于生态系统管理的滨海湿地“多规合一”空间分类体系研究[D].福建厦门:国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,2017.
[31] 于莉,宋安安,郑宇,等.“三生用地”分类及其空间格局分析:以昌黎县为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(2):89-96.
[32] 王考,姚云峰,包金兰.县级尺度“三生”用地动态变化及其空间集聚特征[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(1):306-312.
[33] 徐磊,董捷,陈恩.基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群国土空间利用协调特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):257-263.
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