福州国家森林公园游客偏好研究
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摘要
以福州国家森林公园为研究对象,运用ROST 6.0信息挖掘软件对其进行情感分布、社会网络和语义网络以及分类词频分析。结果表明:游客在情感分布上总体呈现积极情绪;游客的主要动机依次是烧烤、爬山、休闲、散步、观赏、踏青等;游客最喜欢的景点和事物依次是千年榕树、樱花林、桃花林、鸟语林、龙潭等;而游客去福州国家森林公园的时间主要在周末和节假日,在季节方面游客更喜欢春季和夏季;同时部分游客反映福州国家森林公园还存在位置偏远、交通不便、电瓶车收费高、人造景观过多、停车场收费不一、一定时期人太多、冬天景观单调及园内出现不文明现象问题。因此,建议开展专线公交;建立实时双向反馈平台及充分发挥宣传平台作用;加强自然景观保护;加强福州国家森林公园冬季景观营造。
⑴ Background——With the rapid development of society,the advent of the era of network big data will bring great opportunities for researchers.Compared with traditional data,network big data has the characteristics of large quantity,variety and low value density.How to use network data to mine the information used by tourists in national forest parks has become one of the important research tasks of researchers.⑵ Methods——The crawler software was used to capture tourists' comments on Fuzhou National Forest Park on the Internet,and the ROST 6.0 information mining software was used to analyze the emotional distribution,social network,semantic network and word frequency classification.⑶ Results——In the perception of tourists,the name of Fuzhou Forest Park accounts for a larger proportion than Fuzhou National Forest Park.In terms of emotional distribution,tourists generally show positive emotions(86.1%) to Fuzhou National Forest Park,and the proportion of neutral emotions(10.8%) and negative emotions(3.1%) is relatively small.The most frequently used words and stories(36.4%), followed by the environmental description category(29.1%) and the tourist motivation category(25.6%), time category(7.0%) and transportation mode(1.9%) has the least amount of words.According to the top 50 praise vocabulary frequency classification statistics,the main motivations of tourists are barbecue(237),mountain climbing(109),leisure(85),walking(79),watching(61),outing(70),playing(31),exercising(25),traveling(25),entertainment(24),and picnic(22).Tourists' favorite scenic spots and things are Millennium Banyan(210),Cherry Blossom Forest(152),Peach Blossom Forest(143),Bird Forest(101),Longtan(98),Trees(82),Botanical Gardens(81),Waterfalls(56),Vegetation(49),Reservoirs(34),Gardens(34),Museums(32),Bamboo Forest(25) and Plank Road(25).The time for tourists to go to Fuzhou National Forest Park is mainly on weekends and holidays,and they prefer spring and summer in terms of seasons.According to the statistics of the top 50 words in general and bad reviews,the tourists' bad reviews reflect the problems mainly in the three aspects of location and transportation(10%),management(20%) and time(2%).This indicates that some tourists believe that Fuzhou National Forest Park has remote location,inconvenient transportation,high charges for battery cars,excessive artificial landscapes,different charges for parking lots,too many people in a certain period,monotonous landscapes in winter and uncivilized phenomena in the park.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——①Fuzhou National Forest Park is located in a relatively remote area,so the development of special buses will be convenient for tourists to travel.②Establishing a real-time two-side feedback platform can help the managers of Fuzhou National Forest Park to discover the uncivilized phenomena in the park in time,and also can feedback the real-time traffic flow and the remaining parking number in the park,so that tourists can make travel choices.We should also give full play to the role of its propaganda platform,make the service charges transparent in the park,and explain the various services in detail,so that tourists can choose autonomously.③Tourists' favorite scenic spots and things are mostly biased towards natural landscapes,so it is necessary to reduce unnecessary man-made landscapes,thus maximizing the opportunities for tourists to approach nature.④The winter landscapes of Fuzhou National Forest Park are relatively monotonous.We can plant ornamental plants in winter to enrich the winter landscapes of Fuzhou National Forest Park.
⑴ Background——With the rapid development of society,the advent of the era of network big data will bring great opportunities for researchers.Compared with traditional data,network big data has the characteristics of large quantity,variety and low value density.How to use network data to mine the information used by tourists in national forest parks has become one of the important research tasks of researchers.⑵ Methods——The crawler software was used to capture tourists' comments on Fuzhou National Forest Park on the Internet,and the ROST 6.0 information mining software was used to analyze the emotional distribution,social network,semantic network and word frequency classification.⑶ Results——In the perception of tourists,the name of Fuzhou Forest Park accounts for a larger proportion than Fuzhou National Forest Park.In terms of emotional distribution,tourists generally show positive emotions(86.1%) to Fuzhou National Forest Park,and the proportion of neutral emotions(10.8%) and negative emotions(3.1%) is relatively small.The most frequently used words and stories(36.4%), followed by the environmental description category(29.1%) and the tourist motivation category(25.6%), time category(7.0%) and transportation mode(1.9%) has the least amount of words.According to the top 50 praise vocabulary frequency classification statistics,the main motivations of tourists are barbecue(237),mountain climbing(109),leisure(85),walking(79),watching(61),outing(70),playing(31),exercising(25),traveling(25),entertainment(24),and picnic(22).Tourists' favorite scenic spots and things are Millennium Banyan(210),Cherry Blossom Forest(152),Peach Blossom Forest(143),Bird Forest(101),Longtan(98),Trees(82),Botanical Gardens(81),Waterfalls(56),Vegetation(49),Reservoirs(34),Gardens(34),Museums(32),Bamboo Forest(25) and Plank Road(25).The time for tourists to go to Fuzhou National Forest Park is mainly on weekends and holidays,and they prefer spring and summer in terms of seasons.According to the statistics of the top 50 words in general and bad reviews,the tourists' bad reviews reflect the problems mainly in the three aspects of location and transportation(10%),management(20%) and time(2%).This indicates that some tourists believe that Fuzhou National Forest Park has remote location,inconvenient transportation,high charges for battery cars,excessive artificial landscapes,different charges for parking lots,too many people in a certain period,monotonous landscapes in winter and uncivilized phenomena in the park.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——①Fuzhou National Forest Park is located in a relatively remote area,so the development of special buses will be convenient for tourists to travel.②Establishing a real-time two-side feedback platform can help the managers of Fuzhou National Forest Park to discover the uncivilized phenomena in the park in time,and also can feedback the real-time traffic flow and the remaining parking number in the park,so that tourists can make travel choices.We should also give full play to the role of its propaganda platform,make the service charges transparent in the park,and explain the various services in detail,so that tourists can choose autonomously.③Tourists' favorite scenic spots and things are mostly biased towards natural landscapes,so it is necessary to reduce unnecessary man-made landscapes,thus maximizing the opportunities for tourists to approach nature.④The winter landscapes of Fuzhou National Forest Park are relatively monotonous.We can plant ornamental plants in winter to enrich the winter landscapes of Fuzhou National Forest Park.
引文
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[15]邓宁,钟栎娜,李宏.基于UGC图片元数据的目的地形象感知:以北京为例[J].旅游学刊,2018,33(1):53-62.
[16]戴滢.基于UGC图片大数据的入境游客目的地在线形象感知差异研究[D].北京:北京第二外国语学院,2018:20-31.
[17]伍蕾,陈海蓉,谢如冰.基于网络文本分析的游客行为研究:以大围山国家森林公园为例[J].经济论坛,2018(6):59-65.
[18]王鑫,李雄.基于网络大数据的北京森林公园社会服务价值评价研究[J].中国园林,2017,33(10):14-18.
[19]唐笛扬,张建国,崔会平,等.牛头山国家森林公园旅游形象感知要素结构特征[J].林业经济问题,2018,38(5):72-77,109.
[20]赵咪咪,张建国.基于网络文本分析的城郊森林公园形象感知研究:以丽水白云森林公园为例[J].林业经济问题,2017,37(4):51-56,105.
[2]吴楚材.张家界国家森林公园研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1991:1-3.
[3]燕亚飞,李东升,王涛.近郊森林公园的使用后评价(POE)研究:以洛阳市周山森林公园为例[J].现代园艺,2018(3):3-6.
[4]黄郑涛.宜宾市翠屏山城市森林公园使用状况评价(POE)[D].成都:四川农业大学,2016:23-45.
[5]韩娜.大数据时代政府治理现代化研究[D].保定:河北师范大学,2017:6-9.
[6]KIM S M.Extracting opinions,opinion holders,and topics expressed in online news media text[G]//MICHAEL GAMON,ANTHONY AUE.Workshop on Sentiment and Subjectivity in Text Proceedings of the Workshop.Sydney:The Association for Computational Linguistics,2006:1-8.
[7]CHOI Y,CARDIE C.Adapting a polarity lexicon using integer linear programming for domain-specific sentiment classification[G]//PHILIPP KOEHN,RADA MIHALCEA.Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing.Singapore:The Association for Computational Linguistics,2009:590-598.
[8]CHOI S,LEHTO X Y,MORRISON A M.Destination image representation on the web:Content analysis of Macau travel related websites[J].Tourism Management,2007,28(1):118-129.
[9]CARSON D.The“Blogosphere”as a market research tool for tourism destination:Acase study of Austra-lia’s Northern Territory[J].Journal of Vacation Marketing,2008,14(2):111-119.
[10]TAPACHAI N,WARYSSZAK R.An examination of the role of beneficial image in tourist destination selection[J].Journal of Travel Research,2000,39(1):37-44.
[11]张珍珍,李君轶.旅游形象研究中问卷调查和网络文本数据的对比:以西安旅游形象感知研究为例[J].旅游科学,2014,28(6):73-81.
[12]刘欢,朱峰.旅游目的地网络感知形象历时演化分析[J].资源开发与市场,2013,29(4):440-443.
[13]马勇,李娜.关中印象:旅游媒体TGC中的袁家村乡村旅游地形象感知研究[J].特区经济,2018(1):114-119.
[14]张春娥.广州旅游目的地形象感知研究:基于网络文本分析[J].华南理工大学学报(社会科学版),2015,17(4):25-32.
[15]邓宁,钟栎娜,李宏.基于UGC图片元数据的目的地形象感知:以北京为例[J].旅游学刊,2018,33(1):53-62.
[16]戴滢.基于UGC图片大数据的入境游客目的地在线形象感知差异研究[D].北京:北京第二外国语学院,2018:20-31.
[17]伍蕾,陈海蓉,谢如冰.基于网络文本分析的游客行为研究:以大围山国家森林公园为例[J].经济论坛,2018(6):59-65.
[18]王鑫,李雄.基于网络大数据的北京森林公园社会服务价值评价研究[J].中国园林,2017,33(10):14-18.
[19]唐笛扬,张建国,崔会平,等.牛头山国家森林公园旅游形象感知要素结构特征[J].林业经济问题,2018,38(5):72-77,109.
[20]赵咪咪,张建国.基于网络文本分析的城郊森林公园形象感知研究:以丽水白云森林公园为例[J].林业经济问题,2017,37(4):51-56,105.