基于Hoek-Brown准则的冻融循环条件下露天煤矿边坡岩体力学系数修正
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摘要
在露天矿边坡稳定性计算和评价过程中,边坡稳定性评价结果与岩体力学参数的选取密切相关。而在冻融循环条件下,岩石的物理力学参数随着冻融次数的变化而变化。首先通过室内模拟的方法对粗砂岩和细砂岩进行不同次数的冻融循环试验,然后进行一系列的单轴和三轴压缩试验,得到冻融循环条件下完整粗砂岩和细砂岩的物理力学参数;基于Hoek-Brown强度准则中的爆破扰动参数D,提出冻融循环劣化参数Df,利用修正的Hoek-Brown准则得到冻融循环条件下岩体力学参数,并分析了边坡岩体的破坏模式。结果表明:随着冻融循环次数的增加,粗砂岩和细砂岩的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和黏聚力降低减小,内摩擦角变化较小;而岩体的单轴抗压强度、整体抗压强度、抗拉强度、变形模量、黏聚力和内摩擦角均减小,这说明岩体在冻融循环环境中是不断损伤的,质量逐渐变差;随着冻融循环次数不断增加,岩体的抗剪强度劣化在不断加速,边坡的破坏形式主要为剪切破坏。修正的岩体力学参数为露天矿边坡稳定性分析提供更为准确的数据。
The results of slope stability are closely related with the selection of mechanical parameters of rock mass in the process of open-pit slope stability calculation and evaluation. With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, the physical and mechanical characteristics of rock change under freezing-thawing condition. Based on experimental research on simulating natural conditions of Tibetan area, two kinds of sandstone samples were collected from different freezing-thawing cycles, then a series of uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were conducted after different freezing-thawing cycles(0, 30, 60, 90, 120 times), the physical and mechanical characteristics of sandstone were obtained. Based on the disturbance parameter D, the freezing-thawing deterioration parameter Df was proposed. Based on the modified Hoek-brown strength criterion, the mechanical parameters of the rock mass were obtained after different freeze-thaw cycles. The failure mode of rock slope was analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of the number of freezing-thawing cycles, uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and cohesion decreased, the internal friction angle changed little. However, the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, the global strength, modulus of deformation, cohesion and internal friction angle of rock mass decreased; the failure form of the open-pit slope under freeze-thaw condition are shear failure. The modified rock mechanical parameters provide more accurate data for slope stability analysis of open pit.
The results of slope stability are closely related with the selection of mechanical parameters of rock mass in the process of open-pit slope stability calculation and evaluation. With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, the physical and mechanical characteristics of rock change under freezing-thawing condition. Based on experimental research on simulating natural conditions of Tibetan area, two kinds of sandstone samples were collected from different freezing-thawing cycles, then a series of uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were conducted after different freezing-thawing cycles(0, 30, 60, 90, 120 times), the physical and mechanical characteristics of sandstone were obtained. Based on the disturbance parameter D, the freezing-thawing deterioration parameter Df was proposed. Based on the modified Hoek-brown strength criterion, the mechanical parameters of the rock mass were obtained after different freeze-thaw cycles. The failure mode of rock slope was analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of the number of freezing-thawing cycles, uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and cohesion decreased, the internal friction angle changed little. However, the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, the global strength, modulus of deformation, cohesion and internal friction angle of rock mass decreased; the failure form of the open-pit slope under freeze-thaw condition are shear failure. The modified rock mechanical parameters provide more accurate data for slope stability analysis of open pit.
引文
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[17]盛佳,李向东.基于Hoek-Brown强度准则的岩体力学参数确定方法[J].采矿技术,2009,9(2):12-14.SHENG Jia,LI Xiangdong.Determination of rock mechanics parameters based on Hoek-Brown strength criterion[J].Mining Technology,2009,9(2):12-14.
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[20]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].Rock Mechanics&Mining Science&Geomechanics Abstracts,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[21]HOEK E,DIEDERICHS M S.Empirical estimation of rock mass modulus[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2006,43(2):203-215.
[22]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Strength of joint rock masses[J].Geotechnique,1983,33(3):187-223.
[2]路亚妮.裂隙岩体冻融损伤力学特性试验研究及破坏机制研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2013.
[3]徐拴海,田延哲,李宁,等.冻融循环条件下粗砂岩物理力学性质变化规律[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(5):102-107.XU Shuanhai,TIAN Yanzhe,LI Ning,et al.Variation of physical and mechanical characteristics of coarse sandstone during freezing and thawing cycles[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(5):102-107.
[4]张慧梅,张蒙军,谢祥妙,等.冻融循环条件下红砂岩物理力学特性试验研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2015,46(1):69-74.ZHANG Huimei,ZHANG Mengjun,XIE Xiangmiao,et al.The experimental study on the physical and mechanical properties of red sandstone under the action of freeze-thaw cycles[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2015,46(1):69-74.
[5]周科平,李杰林,许玉娟,等.冻融循环条件下岩石核磁共振特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(4):731-737.ZHOU Keping,LI Jielin,XU Yujuan,et al.Experimental study of NMR characteristics in rock under freezing and thawing cycles[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(4):731-737.
[6]张志刚,乔春生.改进的节理岩体强度参数经验确定方法及工程应用[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(4):46-47.ZHANG Zhigang,QIAO Chunsheng.Improved empirical determination of strength parameter for jointed rock masses and its application in engineering[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2006,30(4):46-47.
[7]汪亦显,曹平.坚硬节理岩体力学参数的确定方法[J].矿业研究与开发,2006,11(4):13-15.WANG Yixian,CAO Ping.Determination of mechanical parameters for hard jointed rock masses[J].Mining Research and Development,2006,11(4):13-15.
[8]周火明,孔祥辉.水利水电工程岩石力学参数取值问题与对策[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(4):36-40.ZHOU Huoming,KONG Xianghui.Problems and countermeasures on parameter selection of rock mechanics in water conservancy and hydropower projects[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2006,23(4):36-40.
[9]苏永华,封立志,李志勇,等.Hoek-Brown准则中确定地质强度指标因素的量化[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):679-686.SU Yonghua,FENG Lizhi,LI Zhiyong,et al.Quantification of elements for geological strength index in Hoek-Brown criterion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):679-686.
[10]夏开宗,陈从新,刘秀敏,等.基于岩体波速的Hoek-Brown准则预测岩体力学参数的方法及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):1458-1466.XIA Kaizong,CHEN Congxin,LIU Xiumin,et al.Estimation of rock mass mechanical parameters based on ultrasonic velocity of rock mass and Hoek-Brown criterion and its application to engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(7):1458-1466.
[11]彭国诚.Hoek-Brown强度准则中扰动系数的确定[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2011.
[12]黄高峰.Hoek-Brown强度准则在岩体工程中的应用研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.
[13]闫长斌,李国权,陈东亮,等.基于岩体爆破累积损伤效应的Hoek-Brown准则修正公式[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):2951-2956.YAN Changbin,LI Guoquan,CHEN Dongliang,et al.Amended expressions of Hoek-Brown criterion based on blasting cumulative damage effects of rock mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):2951-2956.
[14]闫长斌,徐国元.对Hoek-Brown公式的改进及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(22):4030-4035.YAN Changbin,XU Guoyuan.Modification of Hoek-Brown expressions and its application to engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(22):4030-4035.
[15]巫德斌,徐卫亚.基于Hoek-Brown准则的边坡开挖岩体力学参数研究[J].河海大学学报,2005,33(1):89-93.WU Debin,XU Weiya.Hoek-Brown criterion-based study on mechanical parameters of excavated slope rock masses[J].Journal of Hehai University,2005,33(1):89-93.
[16]宋建波,张倬元,于远忠,等.岩体经验强度准则及其在地质工程中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.
[17]盛佳,李向东.基于Hoek-Brown强度准则的岩体力学参数确定方法[J].采矿技术,2009,9(2):12-14.SHENG Jia,LI Xiangdong.Determination of rock mechanics parameters based on Hoek-Brown strength criterion[J].Mining Technology,2009,9(2):12-14.
[18]徐栓海.多年冻岩露天煤矿边坡稳定性演化规律研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2017.
[19]HOEK E,CARRANZA-TORRES C,CORKUM B.Hoek-Brown failure criterion-2002 edition[J].Proceedings of the NARMS-TAConference,Toronto,2002(1):267-273.
[20]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].Rock Mechanics&Mining Science&Geomechanics Abstracts,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[21]HOEK E,DIEDERICHS M S.Empirical estimation of rock mass modulus[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2006,43(2):203-215.
[22]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Strength of joint rock masses[J].Geotechnique,1983,33(3):187-223.
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